Experimental Characterization of the Structural Deformation of Type IV Pressure Vessels Subjected to Internal Pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Nebe ◽  
Daniel Maraite ◽  
Clemens Braun ◽  
Daniel Hülsbusch ◽  
Frank Walther
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Structural Mass

The investigations deal with the experimental characterization of the structural deformation of type IV pressure vessels subjected to internal pressure. For the widespread use of hydrogen technology in transport industries, the development of cost-effective storage systems is a crucial step. State of the art in the field of hydrogen storage are type IV pressure vessels, which consist of a polymeric liner and an enforcing winding of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP). For the development of material-optimized and high-safety pressure vessels, the acquisition of reliable experimental data in order to validate numerical simulations is a necessity. In a specially designed test chamber subscale vessels are clamped and subjected to internal pressure. At defined pressure stages the vessel’s deformation is recorded and analyzed. Consequently, the overall structural deformation is assessed with regard to the used structural mass, the burst pressure and the resulting failure. The results can be used for structure optimization purposes as well as for the optimization of numerical simulation models.

scholarly journals Experimental Characterization of Inkjet-Printed Stretchable Circuits for Wearable Sensor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumana Abu-Khalaf ◽  
Razan Saraireh ◽  
Saleh Eisa ◽  
Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli
Keyword(s):  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Stretchable Circuits ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink

This paper introduces a cost-effective method for the fabrication of stretchable circuits on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using inkjet printing of silver nanoparticle ink. The fabrication method, presented here, allows for the development of fully stretchable and wearable sensors. Inkjet-printed sinusoidal and horseshoe patterns are experimentally characterized in terms of the effect of their geometry on stretchability, while maintaining adequate electrical conductivity. The optimal fabricated circuit, with a horseshoe pattern at an angle of 45°, is capable of undergoing an axial stretch up to a strain of 25% with a resistance under 800 Ω. The conductivity of the circuit is fully reversible once it is returned to its pre-stretching state. The circuit could also undergo up to 3000 stretching cycles without exhibiting a significant change in its conductivity. In addition, the successful development of a novel inkjet-printed fully stretchable and wearable version of the conventional pulse oximeter is demonstrated. Finally, the resulting sensor is evaluated in comparison to its commercially available counterpart.

Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis of Pressure Vessels

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-chun Deng ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Plastic Instability ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Plastic Stress

To save material, the safety factor of pressure vessel design standards is gradually decreased from 5.0 to 2.4 in ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes. So the design methods of pressure vessel should be more rationalized. Considering effects of material strain hardening and non-linear structural deformation, the elastic-plastic stress analysis is the most suitable for pressure vessels design at present. This paper is based on elastic-plastic theory and considers material strain hardening and structural deformation effects. Elastic-plastic stress analyses of pressure vessels are summarized. Firstly, expressions of load and structural deformation relationship were introduced for thin-walled cylindrical and spherical vessels under internal pressure. Secondly, the plastic instability for thin-walled cylindrical and spherical vessels under internal pressure were analysed. Thirdly, to prevent pressure vessels from local failure, the ductile fracture strain of materials was discussed.

Case study: Experimental characterization of noise and vibration sources in a refrigerator

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-489
Author(s):  
Roberto Zárate Espinosa ◽  
Jordi Poblet-Puig ◽  
Martín Ortega Breña ◽  
Marcelo López Parra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Acoustic Intensity ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Acoustic Design

The sources of noise and vibration of a refrigerator are characterized by means of laboratory measurements. Three different elements are considered: compressor, evaporator fan, and condenser fan. Both the radiated acoustic energy and the mechanical power injected to the refrigerator structure are measured. Acoustic intensity maps on the refrigerator faces at different frequencies are also provided They are helpful in visualizing the more problematic zones in terms of noise emis- sion. The devices are tested in vacuo or working inside the refrigerator. The provided information can be used as input data for vibroacoustic simulation models such as statistical energy analysis. It is also of interest in order to improve the refrigerator acoustic design.

Structural Deformations Analysis of Carbon Filament-Wound Composite Pressure Vessels under Internal Pressure

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Xi Tao Zheng ◽  
Xian Yin Fan ◽  
Tian Jiao Qu ◽  
Lin Hu Gou ◽  
Yong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Carbon Filament ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Filament Wound Composite

Filament-wound composites are more and more frequently used for pressure tanks and motor cases. It is essential to study their mechanical properties, especially the properties at peculiar shaped locations. A carbon fiber wound pressure vessel structure was chosen to investigate by experiment and finite element method in our program, respectively. Considering the vessel deformation, internal pressure load was added step by step so that the changing stiffness matrix and changing geometric conditions could be calculated in simulation process. In our experiment, the pressure vessel with strain gauges was tested under internal pressure to get strain data at some typical locations. And a finite element model was built with software ANSYS considering the structural deformation of the pressure vessel. Under internal pressure, it is found that fibers in the cylinder part of the vessel are in tension and fibers in partial dome region are bent and transversely compressed. The simulated results also are in good agreement with experimental results.

Experimental Characterization of the Reliability of 3-Terminal Dual-Damascene Copper Interconnect Trees

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Gan ◽  
C. V. Thompson ◽  
K. L. Pey ◽  
W. K. Choi ◽  
F. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Contact Lines ◽  
Tree Structures ◽  
Similar Test ◽  
Dual Damascene ◽  
Copper Interconnect ◽  
Test Conditions

AbstractElectromigration experiments have been carried out on simple Cu dual-damascene interconnect tree structures consisting of straight via-to-via (or contact-to-contact) lines with an extra via in the middle of the line. As with Al-based interconnects, the reliability of a segment in this tree strongly depends on the stress conditions of the connected segment. Beyond this, there are important differences in the results obtained under similar test conditions for Al-based and Cu-based interconnect trees. These differences are thought to be associated with variations in the architectural schemes of the two metallizations. The absence of a conducting electromigrationresistant overlayer in Cu technology, and the possibility of liner rupture at stressed vias lead to significant differences in tree reliabilities in Cu compared to Al.

Experimental Characterization of Mechanical Behavior of Cord-Rubber Composites

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
C. W. Bert
Keyword(s):  
Response Characteristic ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Data

Abstract Unidirectional cord-rubber specimens in the form of tensile coupons and sandwich beams were used. Using specimens with the cords oriented at 0°, 45°, and 90° to the loading direction and appropriate data reduction, we were able to obtain complete characterization for the in-plane stress-strain response of single-ply, unidirectional cord-rubber composites. All strains were measured by means of liquid mercury strain gages, for which the nonlinear strain response characteristic was obtained by calibration. Stress-strain data were obtained for the cases of both cord tension and cord compression. Materials investigated were aramid-rubber, polyester-rubber, and steel-rubber.

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