Natural Additive to Retard the Setting of a Mortar and Increase its Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Noel Díaz González ◽  
Luis Alberto González Luna ◽  
Elia Mercedes Alonso Guzmán ◽  
Wilfrido Martínez Molina ◽  
Hugo Luis Chávez García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Simple Compression ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Natural Additive ◽  
Density Results

The use of better materials is essential for the development of a country, that is why in this work we analyze a mixture of cement-based mortar with an addition of mucilage from a plant called Maralfalfa, said plant is used as feed for cattle and it is thought that its hydrate content can improve the water-cement reaction. Two mixtures were made, one control and another with the addition. The material used was: volcanic sand from Michoacán, cement CPC 30R RS, drinking water and the addition of mucilage. Cubic specimens (5x5x5 cm), prismatic specimens (4x4x16 cm) and briquettes were made, which were tested at 7, 14, 21, 28, 45 and 70 days of age. The tests performed were non-destructive (density, ultrasonic pulse rate and electrical resistivity) and destructive (simple compression, flexion and tension). The density results indicate that the mixture with addition densifies the cement matrix, the ultrasonic pulse velocity results are very similar between the mixtures, the results of electrical resistivity indicate that the control mixture is slightly higher. In terms of simple compression and flexion, it is indicated that the mixture with the addition was higher than the control, whereas the voltage results indicate the opposite. In addition, it was found that the addition retards the setting time of the mixture.

Predictability of concrete damage level by non-destructive test methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Boğaçhan Akça ◽  
Süleyman Bahadır Keskin ◽  
Aysu Göçügenci
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

Non-destructive methods have many advantages over traditional test methods, especially since it does not damage the specimen, it can be used multiple times on the same specimen. These advantages also provide a great benefit in terms of following the property development in concrete as the same specimens are used which eliminates the variations related to the specimens. In this study, it is aimed to determine the damaged amount of concrete produced with different binders by electrical bulk resistivity, resonance frequency, and ultrasonic pulse velocity methods. Firstly, concretes containing different binders were produced, and along with the mechanical properties, ultrasonic wave velocity, resonance frequency, and electrical resistivity values of the produced concrete were determined at the 7, 28, and 90 days. Besides, the specimens were subjected to gradually increase compressive loads and non-destructive methods were used to estimate the extent of damage on specimens. It was attempted to establish a relationship between the damage on concrete specimens and the results obtained by non-destructive methods. Consequently, the compressive strength, electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity and resonance frequency values of all specimens increased with the advancing age. It was concluded that the resonant frequency method is more successful than other methods in estimating the amount of damage in concrete.

Evaluation of the Electrical Resistivity, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Mechanical Properties in Portland Cement Pastes Type II

2020 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Judith Alejandra Velázquez Perez ◽  
Elia Mercedes Alonso Guzmán ◽  
Wilfrido Martínez Molina ◽  
Hugo Luis Chávez García ◽  
Ioscany Talingo Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Cementing Material ◽  
Non Destructive

This research is focused on cement pastes with w/c ratio of 0.5. The cementing material is Portland cement type II. The main aim is to estimate the mechanical properties based on non-destructive tests such as ultrasonic pulse velocity, and electrical resistivity by a correlation with the destructive tests such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength at ages of 3,7,14,21,28 and 45 days. The results suggest that there is a good correlation between evaluated properties.

scholarly journals The Hydration, Mechanical, Autogenous Shrinkage, Durability, and Sustainability Properties of Cement–Limestone–Slag Ternary Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1881
Author(s):  
Mei-Yu Xuan ◽  
Yi Han ◽  
Xiao-Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Hydration Heat ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Binder Ratio

This study examines the hydration–mechanical–autogenous shrinkage–durability–sustainability properties of ternary composites with limestone filler (LF) and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (BFS). Four mixtures were prepared with a water/binder ratio of 0.3 and different replacement ratios varying from 0 to 45%. Multiple experimental studies were performed at various ages. The experimental results are summarized as follows: (1) As the replacement levels increased, compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage (AS) decreased, and this relationship was linear. (2) As the replacement levels increased, cumulative hydration heat decreased. At the age of 3 and 7 days, there was a linear relationship between compressive strength and cumulative hydration heat. (3) Out of all mixtures, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and electrical resistivity exhibited a rapid increase in the early stages and tended to slow down in the latter stages. There was a crossover of UPV among various specimens. In the later stages, the electrical resistivity of ternary composite specimens was higher than plain specimens. (4) X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that LF and BFS have a synergistic effect. (5) With increasing replacement ratios, the CO2 emissions per unit strength reduced, indicating the sustainability of ternary composites.

scholarly journals Assessment of Concrete Compressive Strength by Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
AbdulMuttalib I. Said ◽  
Baqer Abdul Hussein Ali
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Accurate Relation

This paper has carried out an experimental program to establish a relatively accurate relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and the concrete compressive strength. The program involved testing concrete cubes of (100) mm and prisms of (100×100×300) cast with specified test variables. The samples are tested by using ultrasonic test equipment with two methods, direct ultrasonic pulse (DUPV) and surface (indirect) ultrasonic pulse (SUPV) for each sample. The obtained results were used as input data in the statistical program (SPSS) to predict the best equation representing the relation between the compressive strength and the ultrasonic pulse velocity. In this research 383 specimens were tested, and an exponential equation is proposed for this purpose. The statistical program has been used to prove which type of UPV is more suitable, the (SUPV) test or the (DUPV) test, to represent the relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the concrete compressive strength. In this paper, the effect of salt content on the connection between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and the concrete compressive strength has also been studied.

Non-Destructive Testing for Concrete: Dynamic Modulus and Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Khan Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Non Destructive

Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a technique to determine the integrity of a material, component or structure. The commonly NDT methods used for the concrete are dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete is related to the structural stiffness and deformation process of concrete structures, and is highly sensitive to the cracking. The velocity of ultrasonic pulses travelling in a solid material depends on the density and elastic properties of that material. Non-destructive testing namely, dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity was measured for high strength concrete incorporating cementitious composites. Results of dynamic modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity are reported and their relationships with compressive strength are presented. It has been found that NDT is reasonably good and reliable tool to measure the property of concrete which also gives the fair indication of the compressive strength development.

Non-Destructive Tests as Durability Indicators in Cement Mortars with Pozzolanic Substitutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 902 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Rosalía Ruiz Ruiz ◽  
Elia Mercedes Alonso Guzmán ◽  
Wilfrido Martínez Molina ◽  
Hugo Luis Chávez García ◽  
Judith Alejandra Velázquez Perez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Non Destructive

Cement industry is responsible of 5-7% of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. This is preoccupant because this is one of the greenhouse effect gases which cause global warming. Pozzolanic material incorporation in cement mortars elaboration represents a good alternative to partially substitute cement, since its chemical composition could contribute to improvement of its durability and mechanical characteristics. In this research, mortars with pozzolanic substitutions are evaluated through non-destructive tests as: capillary absorption, electrical resistivity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity to the age of 1000 days. The results suggested that the incorporation of pozzolanic material as partial substitutes of Portland cement increases the mortars properties mainly in substitutions of CBC 20%, PN 10, and 30%.

scholarly journals Using Support Vector Machine to Improve Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test for Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Tu Quynh Loan Ngo ◽  
Yu-Ren Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive

In the construction industry, to evaluate the compressive strength of concrete, destructive and non-destructive testing methods are used. Non-destructive testing methods are preferable due to the fact that those methods do not destroy concrete samples. However, they usually give larger percentage of error than using destructive tests. Among the non-destructive testing methods, the ultrasonic pulse velocity test is the popular one because it is economic and very simple in operation. Using the ultrasonic pulse velocity test gives 20% MAPE more than using destructive tests. This paper aims to improve the ultrasonic pulse velocity test results in estimating the compressive strength of concrete using the help of artificial intelligent. To establish a better prediction model for the ultrasonic pulse velocity test, data collected from 312 cylinder of concrete samples are used to develop and validate the model. The research results provide valuable information when using the ultrasonic pulse velocity tests to the inputs data in addition with support vector machine by learning algorithms, and the actual compressive strengths are set as the target output data to train the model. The results show that both MAPEs for the linear and nonlinear regression models are 11.17% and 17.66% respectively. The MAPE for the support vector machine models is 11.02%. These research results can provide valuable information when using the ultrasonic pulse velocity test to estimate the compressive strength of concrete.

Soundness in Mortars of Portland Cement with Substitutions Using Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and Corn Starch

2018 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Victor Hugo Blancas-Herrera ◽  
Jorge Alberto Pacheco-Segovia ◽  
Wilfrido Martínez-Molina ◽  
Hugo Luis Chávez García ◽  
Mauricio Arreola-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica

The use of dehydrated fibres of cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica (FN), and starch (corn starch,Zea Mays (MZ)) as partial substitutes for the total mass of Portland Cement (CP) in the making ofmortar, aims at modifying its physical and mechanical properties, reducing the amount of cementand the CO2 emission. Four mixtures of CP mortar were designed incorporating a superplasticizeradditive with a water/cement weight ratio of 0.68. To compare the results, there was a controlmortar; two mixtures with partial substitutions using fibres of FN, 0.5 and 1.5% (in weight of CP)respectively; and a substituted mixture with 2% of corn starch plus 0.5% of cactus fibre (MZ - FN).The test age was 180 days. The specimens were subjected to an accelerated attack of sodiumsulphate, quantifying the electric resistivity (ER) and the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Theresults indicate that the substitution of the materials, remarkably densify the cement matrix, whichresults in the improvement of the physical properties and the durability.

scholarly journals Factors influencing ultrasonic pulse velocity in concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. GODINHO ◽  
T. F. DE SOUZA JÚNIOR ◽  
M. H. F. MEDEIROS ◽  
M. S. A SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Hydrated Calcium Silicate ◽  
Degree Of Hydration ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Cylindrical Test

Abstract The hydration process of Portland cement triggers reactions of stabilization of minerals from the contact of the clinker with water, which is the Hydrated Calcium Silicate (C-S-H), the Etringite (3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.32H2O) and the Portlandite (Ca(OH)2). In order to understand the effects of the evolution of hydration in cement, it is possible to apply non-destructive tests. In this context, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of the type of cement, the curing age, of the format and humidity of the test specimens of concrete in the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). In order to do that, 36 cylindrical test specimens (10 x 20 cm) and 9 cubic ones with 25 cm of edges, with mix proportion of 1:2,7:3,2 (cement/sand/gravel), water/cement ratio of 0.58 and three types of Portland cement (CP II-Z-32, CP IV-32 RS and CP V-ARI) were molded. With data obtained it was possible to correlate the increase of concrete strength along time (at ages of 7, 14, 28, 70 and 91 days) with the increase of the ultrasonic pulse velocity. Besides, it was possible to prove the direct influence of the concrete moisture and of the degree of hydration in the UPV. The shape of the test specimen generally had no influence on the results, except in the case of cement CP V ARI.

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