Effect of Saline Soils on Durability of Road between Alsamawa and Sawa Lake

2020 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
Taha Yaseen Abdulnabi ◽  
Nidhal Hadi Salman ◽  
Ban Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Applied Stress ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Huge Challenge ◽  
Complete Collapse

Road specialists in the world often suffer the huge challenge in designing a stable road on very soft saline soils, these soils in arid zones have a low bearing capacity with high compressibility and very sensitive to moisture and synchronized with complete collapse. The case study concerned by the deterioration of main road linking between ‎Alsamawa town and Sawa lake approximately 20 km away from Alsamawa town. There are sections of roads affected by converges of nearby local artificial ‎lakes , water drawn from several good drain down to (80) meters depths and causing the deterioration in the road sections , swell-collapse test results represented by a little swell potential values were appeared for zero applied stress, while aggressive collapse were happened with increasing in applied stress, and the increasing in degree of collapsibility corresponding to increasing of applied stress of (50,100,200) KPa, and sodium chloride (NaCl%) in soil layers range between (0.613-16.468) % and slightly to moderately gypseous soils, the case study included several recommendations to treating the deteriorated significantly of road to protect the sub-grade and subbase layer .

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF AUTOMATED ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM (AES) IN REDUCING RED LIGHT VIOLATION (RLV) BEHAVIOURS: A CASE STUDY IN KUALA LUMPUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Kabit M.R. ◽  
Sabihin N.A. ◽  
Wan Ibrahim W.H.
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
The Road ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signalised Intersection

 The national statistics indicates that red light violations (RLV) have become a significant safety problem throughout the nation. As a result, the Malaysian government has initiated the installation of automated enforcement system (AES) to reduce RLV related crashes at identified critical locations particularly in Kuala Lumpur region. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of AES installation in reducing RLR at signalised intersections using a case study at Jalan Ipoh, Kuala Lumpur. Before and after AES installation data were collected and were analysed using a statistical tool. T-test results indicated that the installation of AES has significantly reduced RLV behaviours at the studied signalised intersection. The results of this study provide a useful insight on the benefits of AES in decreasing intersection related crashes by means of reducing RLV behaviours among the road users through AES installation.

PENGKAJIAN KEKUATAN BETON STRUKTUR JEMBATAN PASCA KEBAKARAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarmadi Sudarmadi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Concrete Testing

In this paper a case study about concrete strength assessment of bridge structure experiencing fire is discussed. Assessment methods include activities of visual inspection, concrete testing by Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test, and Core Test. Then, test results are compared with the requirement of RSNI T-12-2004. Test results show that surface concrete at the location of fire deteriorates so that its quality is decreased into the category of Very Poor with ultrasonic pulse velocity ranges between 1,14 – 1,74 km/s. From test results also it can be known that concrete compressive strength of inner part of bridge pier ranges about 267 – 274 kg/cm2 and concrete compressive strength of beam and plate experiencing fire directly is about 173 kg/cm2 and 159 kg/cm2. It can be concluded that surface concrete strength at the location of fire does not meet the requirement of RSNI T-12-2004. So, repair on surface concrete of pier, beam, and plate at the location of fire is required.

Optimales Layout einer Walderschliessung

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Leo Bont
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Optimal Layout ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Short Time

Optimal layout of a forest road network The road network is the backbone of forest management. When creating or redesigning a forest road network, one important question is how to shape the layout, this means to fix the spatial arrangement and the dimensioning standard of the roads. We consider two kinds of layout problems. First, new forest road network in an area without any such development yet, and second, redesign of existing road network for actual requirements. For each problem situation, we will present a method that allows to detect automatically the optimal road and harvesting layout. The method aims to identify a road network that concurrently minimizes the harvesting cost, the road network cost (construction and maintenance) and the hauling cost over the entire life cycle. Ecological issues can be considered as well. The method will be presented and discussed with the help of two case studies. The main benefit of the application of optimization tools consists in an objective-based planning, which allows to check and compare different scenarios and objectives within a short time. The responses coming from the case study regions were highly positive: practitioners suggest to make those methods a standard practice and to further develop the prototype to a user-friendly expert software.

Land Treatment of Winery Wastewaters: A Case Study of Irrigated Arid Zones

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1243-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Bertranou ◽  
G. Fasciolo ◽  
C. Gomez ◽  
M. Jauregui ◽  
O. Velez
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zones ◽  
Land Treatment

scholarly journals Segment-Based Approach for Assessing Hazard Risk of Coastal Highways in Hawai‘i

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Togia ◽  
Oceana P. Francis ◽  
Karl Kim ◽  
Guohui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
System Data ◽  
Rural Highway ◽  
Geographic Information System Data

Hazards to roadways and travelers can be drastically different because hazards are largely dependent on the regional environment and climate. This paper describes the development of a qualitative method for assessing infrastructure importance and hazard exposure for rural highway segments in Hawai‘i under different conditions. Multiple indicators of roadway importance are considered, including traffic volume, population served, accessibility, connectivity, reliability, land use, and roadway connection to critical infrastructures, such as hospitals and police stations. The method of evaluating roadway hazards and importance can be tailored to fit different regional hazard scenarios. It assimilates data from diverse sources to estimate risks of disruption. A case study for Highway HI83 in Hawai‘i, which is exposed to multiple hazards, is conducted. Weakening of the road by coastal erosion, inundation from sea level rise, and rockfall hazards require adaptation solutions. By analyzing the risk of disruption to highway segments, adaptation approaches can be prioritized. Using readily available geographic information system data sets for the exposure and impacts of potential hazards, this method could be adapted not only for emergency management but also for planning, design, and engineering of resilient highways.

scholarly journals Modeling of Emergency Supply Scheduling Problem Based on Reliability and Its Solution Algorithm under Variable Road Network after Sudden-Onset Disasters

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinggui Chen ◽  
Shiwen Wu ◽  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Guodong Cong ◽  
Gongfa Li
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
The Road ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Emergency Supply

It is common that many roads in disaster areas are damaged and obstructed after sudden-onset disasters. The phenomenon often comes with escalated traffic deterioration that raises the time and cost of emergency supply scheduling. Fortunately, repairing road network will shorten the time of in-transit distribution. In this paper, according to the characteristics of emergency supplies distribution, an emergency supply scheduling model based on multiple warehouses and stricken locations is constructed to deal with the failure of part of road networks in the early postdisaster phase. The detailed process is as follows. When part of the road networks fail, we firstly determine whether to repair the damaged road networks, and then a model of reliable emergency supply scheduling based on bi-level programming is proposed. Subsequently, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is presented to solve the problem mentioned above. Finally, through a case study, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model and algorithm are verified.

Hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road tire rubber compounds based on operating conditions at mine sites

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110155
Author(s):  
Shaosen Ma ◽  
Guangping Huang ◽  
Khaled Obaia ◽  
Soon Won Moon ◽  
Wei Victor Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Strain ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hysteresis Loss ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Mine Sites

The objective of this study is to investigate the hysteresis loss of ultra-large off-the-road (OTR) tire rubber compounds based on typical operating conditions at mine sites. Cyclic tensile tests were conducted on tread and sidewall compounds at six strain levels ranging from 10% to 100%, eight strain rates from 10% to 500% s−1 and 14 rubber temperatures from −30°C to 100°C. The test results showed that a large strain level (e.g. 100%) increased the hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds considerably. Hysteresis loss of tire rubber compounds increased with a rise of strain rates, and the increasing rates became greater at large strain levels (e.g. 100%). Moreover, a rise of rubber temperatures caused a decrease in hysteresis loss; however, the decrease became less significant when the rubber temperatures were above 10°C. Compared with tread compounds, sidewall compounds showed greater hysteresis loss values and more rapid increases in hysteresis loss with the rising strain rate.

Improved AEB algorithm combined with estimating the adhesion coefficient of road ahead and considering the performance of EHB

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110261
Author(s):  
Dequan Zeng ◽  
Zhuoping Yu ◽  
Lu Xiong ◽  
Junqiao Zhao ◽  
Peizhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Probability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
The Road ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Multiple Beams ◽  
Maximum Method

This paper proposes an improved autonomous emergency braking (AEB) algorithm intended for intelligent vehicle. Featuring a combination with the estimation of road adhesion coefficient, the proposed approach takes into account the performance of electronic hydraulic brake. In order for the accurate yet fast estimate of road ahead adhesion coefficient, the expectation maximization framework is applied depending on the reflectivity of ground extracted by multiple beams lidar in four major steps, which are the rough extraction of ground points based on 3 σ criterion, the accurate extraction of ground points through principal component analysis (PCA), the main distribution characteristics of ground as extracted using the expectation maximum method (EM) and the estimation of road adhesion coefficient via joint probability. In order to describe the performance of EHB, the response characteristics, as well as the forward and adverse models of both braking pressure and acceleration are obtained. Then, with two typical roads including single homogeneous road and fragment pavement, the safe distance of improved AEB is modeled. To validate the algorithm developed in this paper, various tests have been conducted. According to the test results, the reflectivity of laser point cloud is effective in estimating the road adhesion coefficient. Moreover, considering the performance of EHB system, the improved AEB algorithm is deemed more consistent with the practicalities.

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