Preparation and Properties of Co/Fe Multilayers and Co-Fe Alloy Films for Application in Magnetic Field Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Hauke Lars Honig ◽  
Marcus Hopfeld ◽  
Peter Schaaf
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
Small Magnetic Field

In magnetoelectric sensors for the detection of weak magnetic fields, the magnetostrictivecomponent is required to show a high strain at small magnetic field changes. Co-Fe alloys, amongrare earth free materials, have one of the largest saturation magnetostriction and are magnetically softat the same time. In this study, Co-Fe alloy films with 66 at.-% Co are prepared by magnetron sputterdeposition of Co/Fe-multilayers which differ in their individual layer structure and in a subsequentrapid thermal annealing process. The influence of the initial bilayer period and the annealing temperatureon the phase formation and film structure are investigated. X-ray diffraction revealed a higherfraction of the desired face-centered cubic solid solution for thicker individual layers after the 800 °Cannealing. The change of the electrical in-plane resistivity reaches a minimum around 500 °C and iscorrelating well with the observed grain growth and solid solution phase formation. The investigationof magnetic properties with vibrating sample magnetometry shows coercive fields of 3.2 kA/m and2.2 kA/m for fully alloyed films with initial bilayer periods of 25 nm and 250 nm, respectively.

Effects of hydrogen on the microstructure and microchemistry of Ti3Al – Nb intermetallics at high temperatures and high pressures

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2186-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Z. Xiao ◽  
I. M. Robertson ◽  
H. K. Birnbaum
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Substitutional Solid Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Surrounding Matrix

The microstructural and microchemical changes produced in a Ti–25Al–10Nb–3V–1Mo alloy (at. %) by charging at high temperatures in high pressures of hydrogen gas have been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray methods. Hydrides incorporating all of the substitutional solutes that formed during charging have a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and exhibit either a plate or fine-grained morphology. With increasing hydrogen content, the size of the hydrides decreases and their microchemistry changes as they approach the stable binary hydride, TiH2. Rejection of substitutional solute elements from the hydride produces changes in the microchemistry, and consequently in the crystal structure, of the surrounding matrix. In alloys containing 50 at. % H, this solute redistribution results in the formation of an orthohombic substitutional solid solution phase containing increased levels of Nb. The driving force of this redistribution of solutes is the reduction in the chemical potential of the system as the amount of the most stable hydride, TiH2, forms. The hydrides reverted to a solid solution on annealing in vacuum at 1073 K, and the original microchemistry of the alloy was restored. Reversion from the hydride structure to the original α2 ordered DO19 structure proceeds via a disordered HCP phase.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Solder-Jointed Copper Rods with Electrodeposited Sn-Zn Alloy Films

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tsurusaki ◽  
Takeshi Ohgai
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Alloy Films ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Soldering Process ◽  
Fracture Elongation ◽  
Zn Alloy

Enforced solid solution type Sn-Zn alloy films were electrochemically synthesized on Cu substrate from an aqueous solution containing citric acid complexes. The electrodeposition behavior of Sn-Zn alloys was classified to a normal co-deposition type, in which electrochemically nobler Sn deposits preferentially compared to Zn. Electrodeposited Sn-Zn alloy films were composed of a non-equilibrium phase, like an enforced solid solution, which was not observed in an equilibrium phase diagram of an Sn-Zn binary alloy system. By applying a thermal annealing process at 150 °C for 10 minutes, a pure Zn phase was precipitated from an electrodeposited Sn-based solid solution phase with excessively dissolved Zn atoms. During the soldering process, intermetallic phases such as Cu3Sn and Cu5Zn8 were formed at the interface between an Sn-Zn alloy and Cu substrate. Tensile strength and fracture elongation of solder-jointed Cu rods with Sn-8 at.%Zn alloy films reached ca. 40 MPa and 12%, respectively.

Solid-Solution Phase Formation Rules for Multi-component Alloys

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Y. J. Zhou ◽  
J. P. Lin ◽  
G. L. Chen ◽  
P. K. Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Phase

TENSILE AND COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF A CoCrCuFeNiAl0.5 HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1254-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
FANGJUN WANG ◽  
YONG ZHANG ◽  
GUOLIANG CHEN ◽  
HYWEL A. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
High Entropy Alloy ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Large Plastic Strain ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Strain Limit ◽  
Face Centered

A high entropy alloy of composition CoCrCuFeNiAl 0.5 is mainly composed of a face centered cubic (FCC) solid solution phase. The tensile and compressive properties of the alloy were investigated; the alloy exhibited a tensile strength of 707 MPa, together with a large plastic strain limit of 19%.

scholarly journals Effect of Charge Voltage on the Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of Mo–Cu–V–N Nanocomposite Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Haijuan Mei ◽  
Jicheng Ding ◽  
Junfeng Zhao ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Kaijian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Columnar Structure ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Charge Voltage ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

As an important high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) parameter, charge voltage has a significant influence on the microstructure and properties of hard coatings. In this work, the Mo–Cu–V–N coatings were prepared at various charge voltages using HIPIMS technique to study their mechanical and tribological properties. The microstructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical and tribological properties were investigated by nano-indentation and ball-on-disc tribometer. The results revealed that all the coatings showed a solid-solution phase of B1-MoVN, the V atoms dissolved into face-centered cubic (FCC) B1-MoN lattice by partial substitution of Mo, and formed a solid-solution phase. Even at a high Cu content (~8.8 at. %), the Cu atoms existed as an amorphous phase. When the charge voltage increased, more energy was put into discharge, and the microstructure changed from coarse structure into dense columnar structure, resulting in the highest hardness of 28.2 GPa at 700 V. An excellent wear performance with low friction coefficient of 0.32 and wear rate of 6.3 × 10−17 m3/N·m was achieved at 750 V, and the wear mechanism was dominated by mild abrasive and tribo-oxidation wear.

Transition alpha structure in beta-isomorphous Nb-Hf alloys

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
R.W. Carpenter ◽  
Changhai Li ◽  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Diffuse Intensity ◽  
Metastable Form ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Equilibrium Morphology

Binary Nb-Hf alloys exhibit a wide bcc solid solution phase field at temperatures above the Hfα→ß transition (2023K) and a two phase bcc+hcp field at lower temperatures. The β solvus exhibits a small slope above about 1500K, suggesting the possible existence of a miscibility gap. An earlier investigation showed that two morphological forms of precipitate occur during the bcc→hcp transformation. The equilibrium morphology is rod-type with axes along <113> bcc. The crystallographic habit of the rod precipitate follows the Burgers relations: {110}||{0001}, <112> || <1010>. The earlier metastable form, transition α, occurs as thin discs with {100} habit. The {100} discs induce large strains in the matrix. Selected area diffraction examination of regions ∼2 microns in diameter containing many disc precipitates showed that, a diffuse intensity distribution whose symmetry resembled the distribution of equilibrium α Bragg spots was associated with the disc precipitate.

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