Obtaining Calcium Sulfoaluminate Using Aluminate Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 743-750
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Burlov ◽  
Dmitriy A. Zorin ◽  
Yury R. Krivoborodov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Weak Dependence ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcium Sulfoaluminate ◽  
Gypsum Content ◽  
Calcium Sulphoaluminate

In this work, studies have been carried out to replace bauxite with aluminate slags. Compounds of raw mixtures without use of fossil aluminate materials with different gypsum content have been developed. Instability of assimilation of anhydrite into calcium sulphoaluminate has been established. X-ray phase analysis has shown a weak dependence of increase in the firing temperature and increase in the yield of the main mineral C3A3·CŜ. Results of the study allow us to conclude that it is possible to obtain high-quality calcium sulphoaluminate (SAC) based on technogenic aluminate raw material.

X-ray diffraction Warren–Averbach mullite analysis in whiteware porcelains: influence of kaolin raw material

Clay Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Sanz ◽  
Joaquín Bastida ◽  
Angel Caballero ◽  
Marek Kojdecki
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Crystallite Sizes

ABSTRACTCompositional and microstructural analysis of mullites in porcelain whitewares obtained by the firing of two blends of identical triaxial composition using a kaolin B consisting of ‘higher-crystallinity’ kaolinite or a finer halloysitic kaolin M of lower crystal order was performed. No significant changes in the average Al2O3 contents (near the stoichiometric composition 3:2) of the mullites were observed. Fast and slow firing at the same temperature using B or M kaolin yielded different mullite contents. The Warren–Averbach method showed increase of the D110 mullite crystallite size and crystallite size distributions with small shifts to greater values with increasing firing temperature for the same type of firing (slow or fast) using the same kaolin, as well as significant differences between fast and slow firing of the same blend at different temperatures for each kaolin. The higher maximum frequency distribution of crystallite size observed at the same firing temperature using blends with M kaolin suggests a clearer crystallite growth of mullite in this blend. The agreement between thickening perpendicular to prism faces and mean crystallite sizes <D110> of mullite were not always observed because the direction perpendicular to 110 planes is not preferred for growth.

scholarly journals Characterization of bentonite clay from 'Greda' deposit

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezda Stankovic ◽  
Mihovil Logar ◽  
Jelena Lukovic ◽  
Jelena Pantic ◽  
Miljana Miljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Silica ◽  
Representative Samples

Based on mineralogical and technological investigations of the deposit 'Greda' important characteristics of bentonite clay were determined. Representative samples of the deposit were characterized with X-ray diffraction, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was determined that the main mineral is montmorillonite and in subordinate quantities kaolinite, quartz and pyrite. The chemical composition generally shows high silica and alumina contents in all samples and small quantities of Fe3+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations. Based on technological and mineralogical research, bentonite from this deposit is a high-quality raw material for use in the ceramic industry.

scholarly journals CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIALS USING NON-TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Men'shikova ◽  
L. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Silicate Glass ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Diagram ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sodium Silicate Glass

the paper raises questions about the search for the possibility of obtaining a construction ceramic material using a special type of raw material component. Diopside concentrate was chosen as the basis for the ceram-ic masses due to its positive parameters necessary to improve the strength properties of the material and to support local deposits of raw materials in the East Siberian region. To reduce the optimal firing temperature, an aqueous-alkaline solution of sodium silicate was used in small quantities. The chemical composition of the diopside rock showed mainly the presence of silicon oxides. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of diopside, quartz and calcite. Sodium-silicate glass is characterized by a full content of silica and a modulus of 3. Using the state diagram of three-component systems, the temperature limits necessary for sintering ceramic masses are established. The fusibility curves show that at a temperature of 1040oC, the values of the primary melt for various compositions are 4-14%, and the total melt content is observed at 1475oC. The parameters of physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic material were determined, where at the firing temperature of 1000-1100oC the value of fire shrinkage was no more than 1%, water ab-sorption up to 10%, and compressive strength up to 31 MPa. Moreover, with an increase in the amount of diopside to 90% by weight, the strength increases, and shrinkage decreases. X-ray phase analysis of the compositions determined mainly analytical lines of diopside, which begin to decrease by 1000oC, which de-termines the relationship with the liquid glass. The DTA and TG curves of the thermogram showed endo-thermic and exothermic effects due to the release of adsorbed water and crystallization of glass. The possi-bility of obtaining high-strength low-shrink ceramics using diopside raw materials as the basis of ceramic masses when adding sodium-silicate glass in the form of a melt is established.

Study on Preparation and Application Performance of P-Type Conducting SnO2 Ceramic Target

2014 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Miao Ni ◽  
Xiu Jian Zhao ◽  
Bin Bin Li ◽  
Min Dong Zheng ◽  
Ting Peng
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hole Concentration ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Performance ◽  
P Type

To obtain high quality SnO2 film, high conductivity and high quality SnO2 target should be obtained first. In this paper, high-conductivity Sb: SnO2 (ATO) ceramic targets were fabricated using SnO2, Sb2O3 powder as raw material. The chemical composition and morphology of SnO2 targets were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of different forming pressure on the morphology and electrical properties of targets were studied in our paper. The results show that molding pressure has a significant impact on the density of ATO targets and performance during sintering process. When molding pressure is 15 Mpa, the target has the minimum resistivity for 2.38 Ωcm. XRD results show that ATO target possess tetragonal rutile structure with the preferred orientation of (101). XPS indicate that the chemical state of Sn element in the target is Sn4+ and that of Sb is Sb3+. In addition, the shrinkage rate of conductive SnO2 target is 10.34% so that target can be used to sputtering in the magnetron sputter. The preparation process is simple and cost of SnO2 target is low. The transparent conductive SnO2 thin film was successfully deposited on glass substrate with good performance of high hole concentration and low resistivity of 3.334×1019 cm-3 and 3.588 Ω·cm, respectively. The average transmission of p-type SnO2 films was above 80% in the visible light range.

Research on the Effect of High-Temperature Melting β-SiC by Raw Materials and Power Supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 294-296
Author(s):  
Ze Min Wu ◽  
Xiao Gang Wang ◽  
Zi Min Fan ◽  
Li Rong Deng ◽  
Shu He Lu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Smelting Method ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Temperature Melting

Using high quality carbon raw material,high quality silica raw material , the β-SiC powder are prepared by high-temperature vacuum smelting method. The effects of different materials and electrical power to the product of β-SiC quality has been studied. The microstructure and phase analysis of β-SiC powder samples were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The result shows that the raw materials are better, the product quality are better. In addition, the result also indicates that the β-SiC powder have better quality when the power are 3000W.

Characterizations of Pergau River Clay as Comparison to Mambong and Sayong

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Nurul Amerah Gani ◽  
Mohamad Najmi Masri ◽  
Mohamad Bashree Abu Bakar ◽  
Julie Juliewatty Mohamed ◽  
Muhammad Azwadi Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Comparable Result ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Quality And Reliability

Clay as pottery’s raw material is a major factor that is affecting the quality and reliability of any pottery product. The clay source areas need to be well determined their geochemical properties in order to control the end properties of clay product. Pergau river is located in the northwest of Kelantan, a state in Malaysia. In this study, elemental and phase analysis of Pergau river clay was carried out. The baked clay products were characterized their density and toughness. X-ray fluorescence showed the clay is rich with Fe and X-ray diffraction showed low concentration of feldspar compared to other known clay source areas, which are Sayong and Mambong. Fewer feldspar content decrease toughness of the pottery product. However, some location showed the comparable result with the Sayong and Mambong. The clay is high in density, low in shrinkage percentage and excellent in mechanical strength compare to other clays collected from Pergau River.

scholarly journals Utilization of Several Industrial Wastes as Raw Material for Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phongthorn Julphunthong ◽  
Panuwat Joyklad
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcium Sulfoaluminate ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Marble Dust

The aim of this research was to study the production of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement from several industrial waste materials including with marble dust waste, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, ceramics dust waste, and napier grass ash. The chemical composition, microstructure, and phase composition of raw materials were examined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. All raw wastes were analyzed using their chemical composition to assign proportion for raw mixture. The raw mixture is calcined at controlled calcination temperatures ranging from 1200 °C to 1300 °C for 30 min. Subsequently, with analysis, their phase composition is calculated by the Rietveld refinement technique. The results suggested that phase composition of clinker calcined at 1250 °C shows the closest composition when compared to target phases, and was selected to prepare CSA cement. The FTIR analysis was performed to study the hydration processes of CSA cement. The Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based with adding CSA cement between 20 wt.% and 40 wt.% were investigated for the effect of CSA cement fraction on water requirement, setting times and compressive strength. The results showed that rapid setting and high early strength can be achieved by the addition of 20–40 wt.% CSA cement to OPC.

X-ray phase analysis in leucite systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (suppl_26) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Maixner ◽  
A. Kloužková ◽  
M. Mrázová ◽  
M. Kohoutková
Keyword(s):  
Phase Analysis ◽  
X Ray
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