Modification of Cathode Material Lithium Iron Phosphate by Silicon Doping Using Solid State Reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Iman Rahayu ◽  
Ulima A Suci ◽  
Fahmi Taufiqulhadi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Silicon Doping ◽  
Si Doped

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) based material is one of the most prospective candidates as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries because of its lower cost, safer, and environmental benignity compared to lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), which is commonly used for lithium-ion batteries manufacturing. However, its low conductivity is the obstacle of this material to solve, so that modification with the addition of silicon (Si) is expected to improve the electrochemical performance. Meanwhile, solid state reaction is considered simple and effective in LiFePO4 crystal growth process. Therefore, Si-doped LiFePO4 using solid state reaction in this research aims to study its structure and morphology as well as the effect of adding Si to its conductivity. The synthesis began with mixing LiH2PO4, Fe2O3, carbon black, and six-mole ratio variation of Si to LiFePO4 using agate with ethanol: acetone addition then dried in an oven at 80°C and heated at 550°C in a furnace for 6 hours under argon atmosphere and sintering temperature of 870°C for 16 hours with the same condition. The sample of 3% mole ratio performed the highest conductivity of all variations with 3.01 x 10-6 S.cm-1, and was identified as Li0.93Fe1.07P0.93O4Si0.7 with orthorhombic structure, Pnma space group (Ref. Code: ICSD 98-016-1792) with the highest peak at 2θ = 35.556° from XRD analysis with rectangular-like shape particle.

scholarly journals Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Lihium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Menggunakan Metoda Solid State Reaction Sebagai Katoda Pada baterai Lithium-Ion

FLUIDA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Oki Putra ◽  
Rusdan Fadila ◽  
Eko Andrijanto ◽  
Dian Ratna Suminar
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Energy Needs

ABSTRAK  Perkembangan baterai tak luput dari kebutuhan energi yang kian meningkat. Meskipun sumber energi tidak terpaku pada baterai, namun baterai banyak diminati karena dapat menampung cukup banyak energi, relatif aman, dan bersifat portable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesa dan mengetahui karakteristik salah satu jenis katoda baterai lithium-ion yaitu Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) dengan variasi mol reagent berdasarkan perbandingan stoikiometri dan suhu proses kalsinasi 600°C, 700°C, dan 800°C selama 3x3 jam menggunakan metode solid state reaction dengan Li2SO4.H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, dan KH2PO4 sebagai reagent. Produk hasil kalsinasi 800°C dengan variasi 0.1 mol dijadikan sampel untuk dianalisa dan dikarakterisasi karena memiliki penurunan berat endapan BaSO4 tertinggi. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR menunjukan gugus fungsi P-O yang cukup kuat, sementara hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM/EDX menunjukan partikel yang terbentuk memiliki ukuran sekitar 160nm hingga 14µm dan terdapat atom S yang merupakan impurities dalam produk. Pola difraksi hasil uji XRD menunjukan terbentuknya sejumlah fasa seperti LiFePO4, LiFeP2O7, dan Li3PO4.   ABSTRACT  The development of batteries is inseparable from the increasing energy needs. Although energy sources are not available for batteries, batteries are in great demand because they can store a lot of energy, are relatively safe, and are portable. This study aims to synthesize and determine the characteristics of one type of lithium-ion battery cathode, namely Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) with various mole reagents based on stoichiometric ratios and calcination process temperatures of 600oC, 700oC, and 800oC for 3x3 hours using the solidstate reaction method with Li2SO4.H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, and KH2PO4 as reagents. The 800oC calcined product with 0.1 mol variation was sampled for analysis and characterization because it had the highest weight loss of BaSO4 deposits. The results of characterization using FTIR showed that the functional group P-O are quite strong, while the results of characterization using SEM/EDX showed that the particles formed had a size of about 160nm to 14µm and contained S atoms which were impurities in the product. The diffraction pattern of XRD test results shows the formation of phase numbers such as LiFePO4, LiFeP2O7, dan Li3PO4.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Katoda Baterai Lithium Ion Iron Phospate (LiFePO4) dengan Metode Solid State Reaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Putri Permatasari ◽  
Mega Permata Rindi ◽  
Agus Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcination Temperatures

<p>One of the most finest materials for lithium ion battery nowadays is lithium iron phosphate or LiFePO4. Lithium iron phosphate was synthesized with solid state reaction method  by  optimizing  the  variable  of  material  and  temperature.  The  variable  for calcination temperatures were 700oC, 800oC, and 900oC while the basic materials as Fe sources were Fe2O3 and FeSO4. Particles morphologies and quantity of crystal were investigated in details by X-ray diffraction analysis XRD. XRD imaging showed diffraction of nanoparticles LiFePO4 with crystal quantity 40,4% (800oC) and 59,1% (900oC) of materials Fe2O3,which the most quantity from other samples. Thus, chatode materials were made from LiFePO4 that synthesized at calcination temperatures 800oC and 900oC. In conclusion the material chatode from LiFePO4 that had been synthesized had so many impurities because it was hard to get single phase of nanoparticles LiFePO4 and need more improvement in optimizing the process condition for ideal chatode material.</p>

Effect of Na+ and K+ co-doping on the structure and electrochemical behaviors of LiFePO4/C cathode material for lithium-ion batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (103) ◽  
pp. 101477-101484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Madram ◽  
Reza Daneshtalab ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sovizi
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviors ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Co Doped

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) composites co-doped with Na+ and K+, Li1−x−yNaxKyFePO4/C (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.03, x + y = 0.03), are synthesized through a sol–gel method and tested as a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).

Graphenised Lithium Iron Phosphate and Lithium Manganese Silicate Hybrid Cathodes: Potentials for Application in Lithium‐ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2982-2999
Author(s):  
Zolani Myalo ◽  
Chinwe Oluchi Ikpo ◽  
Assumpta Chinwe Nwanya ◽  
Miranda Mengwi Ndipingwi ◽  
Samantha Fiona Duoman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Manganese Silicate ◽  
Lithium Manganese

scholarly journals A Novel Pyrometallurgical Recycling Process for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Its Application to the Recycling of LCO and LFP

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Alexandra Holzer ◽  
Stefan Windisch-Kern ◽  
Christoph Ponak ◽  
Harald Raupenstrauch
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Pre Treatment

The bottleneck of recycling chains for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is the recovery of valuable metals from the black matter that remains after dismantling and deactivation in pre‑treatment processes, which has to be treated in a subsequent step with pyrometallurgical and/or hydrometallurgical methods. In the course of this paper, investigations in a heating microscope were conducted to determine the high-temperature behavior of the cathode materials lithium cobalt oxide (LCO—chem., LiCoO2) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP—chem., LiFePO4) from LIB with carbon addition. For the purpose of continuous process development of a novel pyrometallurgical recycling process and adaptation of this to the requirements of the LIB material, two different reactor designs were examined. When treating LCO in an Al2O3 crucible, lithium could be removed at a rate of 76% via the gas stream, which is directly and purely available for further processing. In contrast, a removal rate of lithium of up to 97% was achieved in an MgO crucible. In addition, the basic capability of the concept for the treatment of LFP was investigated whereby a phosphorus removal rate of 64% with a simultaneous lithium removal rate of 68% was observed.

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