Preparation for the Hollow Nickel Fibres of the Positive Current Collector by Electroless Plating Technique

In this experiment, electroless plating method was used to obtain the hollow nickel fibres. Polyacrylonitrile fibres with the diameter about 10μm and 3mm length were chosen as the templates of electroless-plating through screening and optimizing various fibres. Low temperature alkaline solution with the sodium hypophosphite as the reducer was adopted and the optimal parameters were determined. Polyacrylonitrile composite fibres with a dense nickel coating about 5~7 μm thickness were obtained. The plated fibres were then sintered in the air to remove the organic templates. It had been found that the sintering temperature had great influences on the formation of the hollow fibres. The Polyacrylonitrile fibres could not be removed completely at low temperature (300°C), and when the temperature increased to 400°C, no organic fibres could be observed from SEM and the hollow nickel oxide fibres with dense wall were obtained. However, when the sintering temperature further increased to 500°C, great changes had been found, the hollow fibres with brittle porous wall were obtained. A dense and uniform hollow nickel fibres with nickel content higher than 90% were finally obtained after the hydrogen reduction treatment at the temperature of 750°C for 2 hours.

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The use of ultrasound to enable low temperature electroless plating

Circuit World ◽

10.1108/03056121211195003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 12-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Andrew J. Cobley ◽

Veronica Saez

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Electroless Plating

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Low-temperature water-gas shift reaction of plate-type copper-based catalysts on an aluminum plate prepared by electroless plating

Applied Catalysis A General ◽

10.1016/j.apcata.2004.10.036 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 279 (1-2) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Choji Fukuhara ◽

Hiromichi Ohkura ◽

Kaichi Gonohe ◽

Akira Igarashi

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Electroless Plating ◽

Water Gas Shift ◽

Aluminum Plate ◽

Water Gas Shift Reaction ◽

Shift Reaction ◽

Water Gas ◽

Plate Type ◽

Temperature Water

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In Search of Magnetic Properties of Samarium Cobalt (Sm2Co17) within a Low-Temperature Sintering Process

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10482.517-524 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 517-524

Author(s):

Poppy Puspitasari ◽

A. Muhammad ◽

A. A. Permanasari ◽

T. Pasang ◽

S. M. S. N. S. Zahari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Material ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Alkyl Halides ◽

High Coercivity ◽

Low Temperature Sintering ◽

Magnetic Anisotropy Energy ◽

Low Sintering Temperature

Samarium cobalt is known as super high density magnetic material with large magnetic anisotropy energy. Samarium–cobalt exhibits manipulative magnetic properties as a rare-earth material which has different properties in a low sintering temperature. It is therefore of paramount importance to investigate samarium cobalt (Sm2Co17) magnetic properties in the low temperature sintering condition. Sm2Co17, which is utilized in this research, is synthesized via the sol–gel process at sintering temperatures of 400, 500, and 600 °C. Subsequently, the crystallites indicate the formation of a single-phase Sm2Co17 on all the samples in all temperature variations. Moreover, the peaks in the X-ray diffraction analysis of crystallite sizes calculated using the Scherrer equation are 17.730, 15.197, and 13.296 nm at 400, 500, and 600 °C. Through scanning electron microscopy, the particles are found to be relatively large and agglomerated, with average sizes of 143.65, 168.78, and 237.26 nm. The functional groups are also analyzed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, which results in the appearance of several bonds in the samples, for example, alkyl halides, alkanes, and esters with aromatic functional groups on the fingerprint area and alkynes, alkyl halides, and alcohol functional groups at a wavelength of above 1500 cm. The test results of the magnetic properties using vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed high coercivity and retentivity in the samples sintered at 400 °C. However, the highest saturation occurs in the samples sintered at 600 ℃. At a low sintering temperature (below 1000 °C), samarium cobalt shows as the soft magnetic material. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Low temperature sintering of nano-SiC using a novel Al8B4C7 additive

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2010.0057 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 471-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sea-Hoon Lee ◽

Byung-Nam Kim ◽

Hidehiko Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Applied Pressure ◽

Liquid Phase Sintering ◽

Low Temperature Sintering ◽

Densification Rate ◽

Sintering Additive ◽

Average Grain Size

Al8B4C7 was used as a sintering additive for the densification of nano-SiC powder. The average grain size was approximately 70 nm after sintering SiC-12.5wt% Al8B4C7 at 1550 °C. The densification rate strongly depended on the sintering temperature and the applied pressure. The rearrangement of SiC particles occurred at the initial shrinkage, while viscous flow and liquid phase sintering became important at the middle and final stage of densification.

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Investigation of Calix[4]arene Molecule on Electroless Ni-P Alloy on Carbon Steel Substrate and Evaluation of its Corrosion Resistance in 3% NaCl

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22579 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 1384-1392

Author(s):

N. M'hanni ◽

M. Galai ◽

T. Anik ◽

M. Ebn Touhami ◽

E.H. Rifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Deposition Rate ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Steel Substrate ◽

Nickel Content ◽

Chemical Deposition ◽

Spectroscopic Studies ◽

Sodium Hypophosphite ◽

Complexing Agent ◽

X Ray Diffraction

The autocatalytic nickel bath uses sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, sodium citrate as a complexing agent and sodium acetate as an accelerator. The effect of calix[4]arene molecule type H4L named (dicarboxylic acid p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene) was studied and used at various concentrations of 10-3 to 10-6 M to improve the microstructure, the microhadness and properties of nickel deposit obtained. The effect of varying the concentration of H4L, on the deposition rate, the composition, the microstructure and morphology of chemical deposition was studied. The results showed that depending on the concentration of calix[4]arene, the deposition rate decreases from 11, to 7.75 μm/h. The microstructure and microhardness improves significantly at a concentration of 10-6 M of additive. It was also shown that the coating obtained is adherent and compact and the chemical bath has become more stable in the presence of calix[4]arenic additives. Indeed, in both cases, the nickel content decreased with the addition of concentration. This decrease of nickel content might be related to the increase of deposition rate depending on the concentration. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed peak intensification in the {111} orientation of plane in the presence of a concentration of 10-6 M; this may be in agreement with the results of metallographic study which showed that the coatings are adherent and have a good resistance. Hence, the Vickers microhardness of deposited coatings has a better value (376 HV) at the concentration 10-6 M. The corrosion resistance in 3% NaCl solution has been proven at the same concentration as found. Finally, the cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies revealed that the additive strongly influences the cathodic process and affects slightly oxidation of hypophosphite.

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Low-Temperature Prepared Multi-Elements Doped CeO2 Electrolyte

ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology ◽

10.1115/fuelcell2009-85221 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Horng-Yi Chang ◽

Yao-Ming Wang

Keyword(s):

Ionic Conductivity ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Mixed Oxide ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Evaporation Method ◽

Pure Phase ◽

Doped Ceo2 ◽

Oxide Ionic Conductivity ◽

Homogeneous Composition

CeO2 materials doped with the di- or tri-valent metals possess high oxide ionic conductivity at low temperature for potential electrolyte use in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). However, multi-elements doped CeO2-based electrolyte, (La1-x-ySrxBay)0.175Ce0.825O2-δ (LSBC) in this work, with pure phase is difficultly synthesized at low calcination temperature. High sintering temperature, e.g. > 1500°C, is also needed in conventional mixed oxide method. In this work, nanoparticles less than 50nm of LSBC can be prepared by solution-evaporation method at constant temperature. Pure fluorite crystal structure can be obtained lower than 700°C. The optimal mole ratio of LSBC/citric acid in prepared solution is 1/2 to achieve homogeneous composition and pure phase of LSBC. Small grain size of about 1μm average is observed for 1300°C-microwave sintered LSBC by solution-evaporation method. The ionic conductivity of 1400°C-conventional sintered and 1300°C-microwave sintered LSBC prepared by solution-evaporation method is about 0.006 S/cm at 600°C but less than 0.004 S/cm at 600°C even for 1500°C-conventional sintered LSBC prepared by mixed oxide method.

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High permittivity and low loss microwave dielectrics suitable for 5G resonators and low temperature co-fired ceramic architecture

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c7tc03623j ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (38) ◽

pp. 10094-10098 ◽

Cited By ~ 134

Author(s):

Di Zhou ◽

Li-Xia Pang ◽

Da-Wei Wang ◽

Chun Li ◽

Biao-Bing Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Dielectric Resonators ◽

Low Loss ◽

Microwave Dielectrics ◽

High Permittivity

Bi2(Li0.5Ta1.5)O7 ceramics possess a εr of 65.1, a Qf of 15 500 GHz and a TCF of −17.5 ppm °C−1. The sintering temperature was lowered to 920 °C by the addition of 2 mol% Bi2O3, which makes them potential candidates for dielectric resonators and LTCC applications.

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