Effect of Carbon on Frictional Wear Behaviours of High Vanadium High Speed Steel under Dry Sliding Condition

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Jie Xu ◽  
Shi Zhong Wei ◽  
Ying Ping Ji ◽  
Guo Shang Zhang ◽  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Micro Cutting ◽  
Matrix Microstructure ◽  
The Matrix

The high vanadium high-speed steel (HVHSS) with about 9wt% vanadium and different carbon contents were prepared using casting process. The effects of carbon on wear properties of HVHSS were studied using pin-on-ring tester, and the failure behaviors were investigated via SEM. Results show the optimal wear resistance is obtained when HVHSS possesses moderate carbon content (2.58wt.%). The cause is that the matrix microstructure of moderate carbon HVHSS is mainly low-carbon lath martensite with good toughness and high hardness, and it can effectively resist micro-cutting and figure wear at the same time, so the role of high-hardness vanadium carbides (VC) can be played enough because of the strong support of matrix. If carbon content is too low, the wear failure of HVHSS is mainly caused by severe micro-cutting and adhesive wear on contact surface because the matrix microstructure of high speed steel is ferrite with very low hardness, which leads to poor wear resistance. While, the matrix microstructure is mainly composed of high carbon martensite with poor toughness when carbon content is too high, therefore, it possesses very poor resistance to cycle fatigue and thermal fatigue, resulting in decrease of wear resistance.

Effects of modification on microstructure and properties of Al-bearing high-boron high-speed steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Zhang Yaguang ◽  
Hanguang Fu ◽  
Lin Jian ◽  
Wang Changan ◽  
Lei Yongping
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Boron

The microstructure of Al-bearing high-boron high speed steel (AB-HSS) contains a large amount of borocarbides, which makes it have high hardness, superior wear resistance and thermal stability. But the borocarbides are coarser and continuously distribute along the grain boundary which seriously destroys the toughness of AB-HSS. In this paper, the microstructure and properties of AB-HSS were regulated by adding modifiers and quenching and tempering heat-treatment. The modifier was RE-Mg, Ti and N elements. The microstructure and properties of AB-HSS were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), hardness testing, wear testing, and impact testing. The results show that the borocarbides in as-cast AB-HSS are found in intergranular networks showing different degrees of continuity after adding different types of modifiers. The matrix of as-cast AB-HSS all is composed of ferrite, pearlite and martensite, and the borocarbides all consist of M2(B,C) and M7(C,B)3 after adding different types of modifiers. After high-temperature heat treatment, the borocarbides in the microstructure of RE-Mg modification AB-HSS appear as discontinuous networks showing signs of spheroidization and the distribution of the borocarbides is more uniform. The matrix of RE-Mg modification AB-HSS is martensite and the borocarbides consist of M2(B,C), M7(C,B)3 and M23(C,B)6. The hardness of RE-Mg modification AB-HSS reaches 61.7 HRC, and impact toughness increases by 52%, and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties.

SUPER STAR

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Edge Toughness ◽  
Hot Hardness

Abstract SUPER STAR is a super high-speed steel capable of being treated to high hardness levels. Its combination of composition and properties facilitates the machining of high-hardness materials and difficult-to-machine superalloys. Excellent hot hardness and wear resistance are obtained in Super Star without loss of edge toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition and hardness as well as deformation. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-283. Producer or source: Carpenter.

Effect of niobium and austenitizing temperature on the microstructures and properties of spray-deposited AISI M3:2 high speed steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Hebin Wang ◽  
Da Hong ◽  
Longgang Hou ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Ping Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Austenitizing Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Red Hardness

The microstructure and properties of niobium-containing AISI M3:2 high speed steels (HSSs) fabricated by spray forming and traditional casting have been investigated. The results show that fine and uniformly-distributed grains without macrosegregation appeared in the as-deposited HSSs that differ from those of as-cast HSSs. Nb mostly appears in primary MC carbides, whereas it contributes less to the formation of M6C carbides. The high stabilization of Nb-rich MC carbides can pin the grain boundaries during high-temperature austenitizing process, thus conferring a fine grains and raising the content of dissolved alloying elements. Enhanced precipitation strengthening and fine dispersion of NbC carbides throughout the matrix contribute to the high hardness and red hardness of Nb-containing HSS.

scholarly journals Internal Stresses in PVD Coated Tool Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Śliwa ◽  
J. Mikuła ◽  
K. Gołombek ◽  
W. Kwaśny ◽  
D. Pakuła
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carbide Phase ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Surface Zone ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract The aim of work is the investigation of the internal stresses in PVD coated metal matrix composites (MMC). Sintered MMC substrate is composed of the matrix with the chemical composition corresponding to the high-speed steel, reinforced with the TiC type hard carbide phase. Functionally graded composition of MMC providing of high ductility characteristic of steel in the core zone as well as high hardness characteristic of cemented carbides in the surface zone. Internal stresses were determined with use of finite element method in ANSYS environment. The reason of undertaking the work is necessity of develop the research of internal stresses, occurring in the coating, as well as in the adhesion zone of coating and substrate, which makes it possible to draw valuable conclusions concerning engineering process of the advisable structure and chemical composition of coatings. The investigations were carried out on cutting tool’s models containing defined zones differing in chemical composition. Modelled materials were characteristic of chemical composition corresponding to the high-speed steel at the core, reinforced with the TiC type hard carbide phase with the growing fraction of these phases in the outward direction from the core to the surface, additionally coated with (Ti,Al)N or Ti(C,N) functionally graded PVD coatings. Results of determined internal stresses were compared with the results calculated using experimental X-ray sin2ψ method. It was demonstrated, that the presented model meets the initial criteria, which gives ground to the assumption about its utility for determining the stresses in coatings as well as in functionally graded sintered materials. The results of computer simulations correlate with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Properties of SLM High Speed Steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olsson Elin ◽  
Sundin Stefan ◽  
Ma Taoran ◽  
Proper Sebastian ◽  
Lyphout Christophe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Thermal Gradients ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Good Heat

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a commonly used laser powder bed technique where the final properties are influenced by many different powder related properties, such as particle size distribution, chemical composition and flowability. In applications where high hardness, wear resistance, strength and good heat properties are required, high speed steels (HSS) are widely used today. HSS has high carbon content and are therefore considered as unweldable. The rapidly growing implementation of AM technologies has led to a growing range of new applications and demands for new alloys and properties. The interest in being able to manufacture HSS by SLM without cracking is therefore increasing. In SLM, it is possible to preheat the base plate to a few hundred degrees Celsius which has been used for HSS and proved successful due to reduced thermal gradients. In this study, the properties of SLM produced high speed steel PEARL Micro®2012 with a carbon content of 0.61 wt.-% have been investigated and compared to those of a forged and rolled PM-HIP counterpart ASP®2012.

AISI TYPE M42

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Edge Toughness ◽  
Hot Hardness

Abstract AISI Type M42 is capable of being heat treated to Rockwell C 68-70; in fact, it is a super high-speed steel. Its combination of composition and properties makes it suitable for machining high-hardness alloys and difficult-to-machine superalloys. Excellent wear resistance and high hot hardness are obtained in Type M42 without loss of cuttting-edge toughness. Typical tools made from this steel are broaches, drills, gear cutters and milling cutters. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-476. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

Effect of K / Na on Primary Boride of Hypereutectic High-Boron Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 117-119 ◽  
pp. 1406-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Jie Xu ◽  
Bao Yuan Li ◽  
Ji Wen Li ◽  
Guo Shang Zhang ◽  
Shi Zhong Wei
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
High Alloy ◽  
High Chromium Cast Iron ◽  
Supercooling Degree ◽  
High Boron ◽  
Chromium Cast Iron

High-alloy materials such as high chromium cast iron and high speed steel have excellent wear resistance under extreme wear conditions. But they consume much expensive chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and other alloying elements too. The hypereutectic high boron alloy has good wear resistance because it contains many high hardness primary borides. But the dimension of primary borides is big. In this paper, the hypereutectic high boron alloy was prepared using sand casting method, and the primary borides were modified by different amount of K / Na modificator. The results show that the primary boride of hypereutectic high boron alloy is Fe2B. K/Na modificator has a significant influence on primary Fe2B. The best grain refinement effect of primary Fe2B is obtained when the amount of K/Na modificator is 0.3%. The refining mechanism of primary Fe2B is that K/Na modificators can not only increase the supercooling degree to improve nucleation rate but attach to the crystal face of fastest growth direction to prevent grain from growing

Research on Frictional Wear Property of the High Vanadium High Speed Steel in Conditions of Low Slip-Roll Ratio

2010 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Hui Min Chen ◽  
L.J. Xu ◽  
H.G. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

The frictional resistance and abrasion mechanism of high vanadium high speed steel were studied by the self-made friction wear testing machine under the conditions of 0.5% slip-roll ratio. Results show that the frictional resistance increases with the increase of carbon content. The retained austenite and the shapes of carbides will change when the carbon content alters, which make the frictional resistance of the material change, and the proper quantities of retained austenite makes the impact toughness the matrix better; The spherical VC can prevent the initiation and expansion of cracks forming and make the frictional resistance increase. The abrasion mechanism is fatigue flake under the condition of rolling and sliding.

CRUCIBLE CPM REX T15 (HS)

Alloy Digest ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Machining Operations ◽  
Metallurgy Process ◽  
Very High

Abstract CPM Rex T15 is a tungsten-type high-speed steel containing high carbon and vanadium for very high hardness and maximum wear resistance, and cobalt for good red hardness. It is now made exclusively by Crucible’s particle metallurgy process, resulting in improved quality and grindability. This alloy was designed for use in difficult machining operations requiring heavy-duty cuts, high speeds and feeds, and for difficult-to-machine materials that are high in hardness and abrasion resistance. This datasheet revision updates chemistry, properties, and the benefits of high sulfur (HS). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and bend strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-249. Producer or source: Crucible Service Centers. Originally published as CPM REX T15, January 1973, revised March 2007.

Study on Frictional Wear Property of the High Vanadium High Speed Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 458 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Min Chen ◽  
Liu Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Frictional Wear ◽  
The Matrix

The frictional resistance and abrasion mechanism of high vanadium high speed steel were studied by the self-made friction wear testing machine under the conditions of 10% slip-roll ratio. Results show that the frictional resistance increases with the increase of carbon content and is optimal when the carbon content is 2.92%. The carbon content affect the wear resistance by changing the amount of the retained austenite and the shapes of carbides, the moderate quantities of retained austenite makes the matrix have better impact toughness and hardness; The spherical VC can prevent the initiation and expansion of cracks forming and make the frictional resistance increase. The abrasion mechanism is fatigue flake under the condition of rolling and sliding.

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