Study on the Recovery and Recycling Standard System of Abandoned Fluorescent Lamps in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Wu ◽  
Yi Fan Gu ◽  
Yan Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Standard System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
The Developed Countries

Compared to incandescent bulbs, the advantages of the fluorescent lamps (such as less energy consumed and longer life expectancy) have greatly contributed to their rising use all around China, which leads to an increase in the number of the abandoned fluorescent lamps when they reach their end of life. However, their recovery and recycling (R&R) rate is still at a low level because it is lacking a complete standard system. In order to raise the R&R rate of abandoned fluorescent lamps in China. In this investigation the characteristics of the R&R standard system of abandoned fluorescent lamps in the developed countries has been analyzed, the deficiencies of the existing R&R standards studied, and a framework of the system suitable for China built.

scholarly journals Dynamics of modal age at death in 1959−2014 in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
One Year

Abstract The aim of this paper is to determine the trends of the main indicators of life expectancy in Russia in the 1950s to 2000s. For this purpose, life tables for Russia (former — RSFSR) from 1959 to 2014 for one-year age intervals were analyzed. The main indicators under review are the modal age at death and the standard deviation of life expectancy from the modal value for all ages and the mode. As a result, it is concluded that in Russia the modal age at death and the indicator of life expectancy have stagnated over the past 60 years, and definite trends can be traced only in short periods of time, namely after 2009 when all basic life expectancy indicators were steadily increasing. Life expectancy is far behind those of the developed countries by about half a century.

Research of Value Analysis Oriented End of Life Vehicle Dismantling and Recycling Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3450-3454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Qiang Zhou ◽  
Han Mo Tan ◽  
Guo Hong Dai
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
The Developed Countries

With rapid increasing of the vehicle population of China, The treatment of End-of-life Vehicle (ELV) becomes a serious social problem. Because the situation of ELV, labor cost and the condition of facilities of China are different from the developed countries, the technologies and the recycling process used by the developed countries can not be simply imported to China without any change. In this paper, the recycling processes of the developed counties are analyzed firstly. And then, the shortage and the advantage of the Chinese recycling factories are discussed. According to it, a scheme of ELV recycling process is presented. And three value analyzing models are illustrated which include: (1) model of ELV to raw materials; (2) model of intermediate scrap to product; (3) model of remanufacturing. In the end, the facilities used for EVL recycling factories based on this process are discussed too.

Overview on industrial recycling technologies and management strategies of end-of-life fluorescent lamps in Taiwan and other developed countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Hwa Lee ◽  
Srinivasa R. Popuri ◽  
Yu-Hsien Peng ◽  
Sin-Syong Fang ◽  
Kae-Long Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps

Obesity in Childhood

1975 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
A. N. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Health Economics ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Exact Figure ◽  
The Developed Countries

AbstractObesity is the most important nutritional disease in the developed countries of the world. Since there is no internationally agreed criterion for diagnosis, either for adults or children, an exact figure for prevalence cannot be quoted but surveys suggest that, in highly developed countries, about one third of the population is overweight to an extent associated with d’minished life expectancy. (Office of Health Economics, 1969.)

Did Australian Living Standards Stagnate between 1890 and 1940?

1983 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W. McLean ◽  
Jonathan J. Pincus
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Modest Level

Among the developed countries, Australia in the period 1890–1940 experienced the fastest growth in population but the slowest in per capita income. When adjusted to incorporate the direct deflation of consumption expenditure, however, the growth of real GDP is raised by one-third, albeit to the still modest level of 0.8 percent annually. Inspection of a number of historical social indicators, not all caught in GDP, gives no support to the hypothesis of stagnant living standards. Finally, increases in life expectancy, a shorter working week, and earlier retirement also suggest substantial improvements in dimensions of standards of living not directly reflected in measured GDP. Conservatively, we estimate that living standards may have doubled over the half-century.

scholarly journals Gains in Life Expectancy by Elimination of Specified Causes of Death in Pakistan

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (4II) ◽  
pp. 646-653
Author(s):  
Syed Mubashir Ali ◽  
Zafar Mueen Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The People ◽  
The Developed Countries

Death is inevitable. However, efforts have always been made to delay it. Due to the advancement in medical science, the developed countries have succeeded in achieving a considerable increase in the life expectancy of the people. On the other hand, the developing countries are striving hard to follow the same trend. but with lesser success. Constrained by limited resources, health planners have been compelled to set priorities towards the elimination of widespread fatal diseases. The cause specific death rates can provide a measure of the most widely prevalent diseases in the region. An age and cause specific death rate, would give a more refined measure of the same. However, in order to measure the gain in life expectancy by elimination of specific causes of death, the use of the life table technique would be an appropriate one. For example, if 'Malaria' is the largest killer in a region. the application of this technique could provide us with added years of life resulting from the elimination of Malaria. The present study is an attempt to examine the gains in life expectancy at birth as well as for other broad age groups by eliminating specified causes of death.

Why Does Health Capital Increase in the Developed Countries and Decrease in Post-Soviet Russia? (An Attempt at Post Keynesian Explanation)

2011 ◽  
pp. 113-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rozmainsky
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Capital ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Animal Spirits ◽  
Rational Calculation ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Benefits And Costs

The article formulates the post Keynesian approach to dynamics of health capital. The author shows that this dynamics scarcely depends on rational calculation of expected benefits and costs because these are unknown. Investment in health capital is determined mainly by the degree of animal spirits, features of conventional judgment, habits, social norms and rules. In the developed countries these factors contribute to accumulation of health capital and, consequently, increasing life expectancy. In post-Soviet Russia health capital decreases - and life expectancy is low - first of all, due to investor myopia (unwillingness to take into account distant future) caused by higher uncertainty.

CSR reporting practice: Is there room for integration? – Evidence from Serbian foreign investors

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goranka Knežević ◽  
Vladan Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Content Integration ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Reporting Practice ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
High Level

Despite the efforts of companies to invest into CSR reporting and to communicate information to various stakeholders these efforts in Serbia are still at a very low level compared with the developed countries. In this study content analysis is conducted on a sample of companies comprising the list of all investors in Serbia investing more than 100 million € and classified into Privatization M&A and Greenfield investors. CSR disclosure index and Integration index are created and correlation has been established between the two, leading to the conclusion that companies that invest into the CSR reporting put much more effort to integrate financial and non-financial information. From the analysis, it emerges that Privatization segment of sample has a high level of content integration and CSR while Greenfield investor show low level of achievements in CSR and integration process. This paper calls for the need to establish long term orientation towards CSR issues and integration by Serbian foreign investors companies.

How to Assure Stable Development in Unstable Financial Environment?

2007 ◽  
pp. 4-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Russian Stock Market ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
Financial Environment

Growing involvement of Russian economy in international economic sphere increases the role of external risks. Financial problems which the developed countries are encountered with today result in volatility of Russian stock market, liquidity problems for banks, unstable prices. These factors in total may put longer-term prospects of economic growth in jeopardy. Monetary, foreign exchange and stock market mechanisms become the centerpiece of economic policy approaches which should provide for stable development in the shaky environment.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

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