Research of Value Analysis Oriented End of Life Vehicle Dismantling and Recycling Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3450-3454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Qiang Zhou ◽  
Han Mo Tan ◽  
Guo Hong Dai
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
The Developed Countries

With rapid increasing of the vehicle population of China, The treatment of End-of-life Vehicle (ELV) becomes a serious social problem. Because the situation of ELV, labor cost and the condition of facilities of China are different from the developed countries, the technologies and the recycling process used by the developed countries can not be simply imported to China without any change. In this paper, the recycling processes of the developed counties are analyzed firstly. And then, the shortage and the advantage of the Chinese recycling factories are discussed. According to it, a scheme of ELV recycling process is presented. And three value analyzing models are illustrated which include: (1) model of ELV to raw materials; (2) model of intermediate scrap to product; (3) model of remanufacturing. In the end, the facilities used for EVL recycling factories based on this process are discussed too.

Strength and Impotence. The Developing Countries and the Development in New Territories

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Willy Østreng
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Third World

This article examines the possible political and economic effects of large-scale mineral extraction from the seabed. The findings presented indicate that development in new territories may conceivably serve to exacerbate existing conflict dimensions, notably the North/South dimension in global politics. Because of the developed countries' monopoly on know-how and economic capability, exploration and exploitation of the inorganic resources of the ocean floor has de facto been the exclusive domain of these countries. On the basis of this the author shows that if large-scale production of seabed resources should become a reality in the near future, the underdeveloped countries will be forced to watch it from the sidelines. As a consequence, the exploitation of offshore raw materials will probably contribute to the further widening of the gap between developed and underdeveloped countries. Further commenting on the fact that the latter today are the main producers of the most promising seabed resources, the author expresses the view that exploitation will have a detrimental effect on the economics of the Third World countries, since it might lead to overproduction and price reductions.

IS THE LIFE BOAT ETHIC APPROPRIATE?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-81
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Moral Legacy

Recent statements argue that we in the developed countries are in effect in a lifeboat, well supplied with resources, while many other countries are in other lifeboats without resources such as food. They argue that we should withhold these resources or risk future destruction from depletion of our own resources. As grim as this policy seems, it has many advocates today. What should the passengers on the rich lifeboat do? In answer Callahan argues that we cannot turn away from the needs of the developing countries no matter how seductive that course may seem now. For one thing, we are dependent on raw materials from them. But, more important, he points out that to bequeath a civilization of morality to our children is an even greater need, and we cannot do that by selfish isolation. "If we are to worry about our duty to posterity, it would not hurt to ask what kind of moral legacy we should bequeath. One in which we won our own survival at the cost of outright cruelty and callousness would be tawdry and vile."

scholarly journals EXPORT OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS OF UKRAINE: CONCEPT OF PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (Vol 19, No 2 (2020)) ◽  
pp. 246-264
Author(s):  
Yurii PASICHNYK
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Agricultural Resources ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
The Developed Countries

The current global conditions of the export food market are analysed and the corresponding trends are revealed. It is substantiated that the priority direction of exports to the developed countries of the world are processed products of agricultural raw materials with significant added value. Two opposite trends have been identified – the world’s population is constantly growing, while the area of agricultural production, as well as marine fish stocks have a steady downward trend, which leads to the introduction of intensive technologies for growing crops and increase in exports. It is proved that under certain conditions Ukraine has a good chance to increase food exports, including those of highly processed food. It is determined that in order to implement the task of increasing food exports, it is necessary to develop a concept of prospects for these exports. The basic provisions, principles and model of the concept of prospects for Ukrainian food exports are formed taking into account the potential raw agricultural resources created if innovative technologies of food industry production are introduced. It is noted that the proposed concept is based on the agro-industrial potential of Ukraine and is realistic even before implementation.

scholarly journals Analysis of consumer behavior and energy calculation for phase end of life on stamped batik products

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Much. Djunaidi ◽  
Dyah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Used Goods

A product will enter the end of life phase when the usage period expires. End of life recycleis divided into three categories, namely reuse, recycle, and landfills. Reuse is transferring usage rights to others to be used for the same purpose. Recycle is utilising used goods as raw materials for other products. Landfills are putting used clothing to a garbage dump site. Consumers have different tendencies to the expired product. Stamped batik as a typical product of Solo also experiences the same treatment at the end of its life. This study has the objective of reviewing the consumer behaviour toward the stamp batik and calculating the energy needed in the final product period. Simapro 3.8.0.0 sofwate was used for the analysis. Based on consumer behaviour toward the end of product life, the stamped batik user mostly transfer the function of stamped batik to cleaning cloth or recycle (48.97%). The energy needed for the recycling process of stamped batik is 3.2 kPt. The energy resources of the landfill of stamped batik are 0,085 kPt. The electrical energy used for landfills of stamped batik is  14.4 MJ per year.

Study on the Recovery and Recycling Standard System of Abandoned Fluorescent Lamps in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Wu ◽  
Yi Fan Gu ◽  
Yan Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Standard System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
The Developed Countries

Compared to incandescent bulbs, the advantages of the fluorescent lamps (such as less energy consumed and longer life expectancy) have greatly contributed to their rising use all around China, which leads to an increase in the number of the abandoned fluorescent lamps when they reach their end of life. However, their recovery and recycling (R&R) rate is still at a low level because it is lacking a complete standard system. In order to raise the R&R rate of abandoned fluorescent lamps in China. In this investigation the characteristics of the R&R standard system of abandoned fluorescent lamps in the developed countries has been analyzed, the deficiencies of the existing R&R standards studied, and a framework of the system suitable for China built.

scholarly journals Best Practices Application in the Development of Industry in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 07003
Author(s):  
Alexander Demidenko ◽  
Anastasia Kramar ◽  
Igor Demidenko ◽  
Alexander Demidenko
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Products

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of the Russian economy in modern conditions, in particular, the technical and technological backwardness of Russia from the developed countries. The analysis of the reasons for the low level of competitiveness of the national economy has been carried out, and ways of its possible improvement have been investigated. The necessity of changing the export-raw model of economic development, based on the accelerated increase of fuel and raw materials exports, on the model based on the production of high-tech competitive products is shown. A study of the world’s best practices in the development of industry and the agro-industrial complex has been conducted, and statistics of economic indicators of other countries is given. This article analyses the results obtained by these countries. Also, the most effective principles of economic management, which could be applied in Russia are identified. It is substantiated that the Russian Federation needs to intensify innovation. It is revealed that the strategy of innovative development of the agri-food and industrial complex should be determined on the basis of the state innovation policy, the main task of which remains to mobilize the potential of the scientific and technological potential of the industry for the technical and technological renewal of domestic industry and agro-industrial complex.

scholarly journals A Review of Challenges and Opportunities for End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies: A SWOT Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4918
Author(s):  
Solange Ayuni Numfor ◽  
Geoffrey Barongo Omosa ◽  
Zhengyang Zhang ◽  
Kazuyo Matsubae
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Common

The importance of recycling end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has been widely acknowledged as a means of reducing ELV waste to the environment. This reduced environmental waste contributes to achieving a number of UN SDGs, including the creation of sustainable cities. The recovery of secondary resources, such as metals, from the recycling of ELVs also reduces over-dependence on primary resources. This promotes efficient resource utilization and resource conservation. While recycling systems have been established and laws governing ELV recycling have been implemented in some developed countries, there are no such systems in much of the world, and regulations are few if any. To determine the challenges and opportunities for ELV recycling in developing countries, the literature on ELV recycling processes and activities was reviewed, and a SWOT analysis was done based on the data compiled from the literature, to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. From the SWOT analysis, the common features identified as opportunities were large market size, low labor cost, and the presence of recyclers of ELV parts. The common strengths were identified to be the vehicle registration system, vehicle manufacturing, ELV legislation, ELV recycling, and the waste management system. In the case of weaknesses, the identified features were the technological capacity, waste regulatory framework, vehicle deregistration, ELV regulatory framework, environmental impact and pollution, and the lack of access to information regarding ELVs, and ELV recycling infrastructure. The common threats were perceived as the little attention given to ELV recycling by the governing authorities, the difficulty of doing business, and political and social instability. The results of the SWOT analysis also showed that the opportunities were considerable and the threats were significant for all of the countries in this study. The weaknesses were significant in Nigeria and the other developing countries, and the strengths of the emerging economies tended to be greater. While weaknesses and threats were clearly identified by the SWOT analysis, the SWOT analysis also revealed the strengths and opportunities for recycling ELVs in developing and emerging countries.

How to Assure Stable Development in Unstable Financial Environment?

2007 ◽  
pp. 4-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Russian Stock Market ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
Financial Environment

Growing involvement of Russian economy in international economic sphere increases the role of external risks. Financial problems which the developed countries are encountered with today result in volatility of Russian stock market, liquidity problems for banks, unstable prices. These factors in total may put longer-term prospects of economic growth in jeopardy. Monetary, foreign exchange and stock market mechanisms become the centerpiece of economic policy approaches which should provide for stable development in the shaky environment.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

Power Generation for India with Higher Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Umeshkannan P ◽  
Muthurajan KG
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Developed Nations

The developed countries are consuming more amount of energy in all forms including electricity continuously with advanced technologies.  Developing  nation’s  energy usage trend rises quickly but very less in comparison with their population and  their  method of generating power is not  seems  to  be  as  advanced  as  developed  nations. The   objective   function   of   this   linear   programming model is to maximize the average efficiency of power generation inIndia for 2020 by giving preference to energy efficient technologies. This model is subjected to various constraints like potential, demand, running cost and Hydrogen / Carbon ratio, isolated load, emission and already installed capacities. Tora package is used to solve this linear program. Coal,  Gas,  Hydro  and  Nuclear  sources can are  supply around 87 %  of  power  requirement .  It’s concluded that we can produce power  at  overall  efficiency  of  37%  while  meeting  a  huge demand  of  13,00,000  GWh  of  electricity.  The objective function shows the scenario of highaverage efficiency with presence of 9% renewables. Maximum value   is   restricted   by   low   renewable   source’s efficiencies, emission constraints on fossil fuels and cost restriction on some of efficient technologies. This    model    shows    that    maximum    18%    of    total requirement   can   be   met   by   renewable itself which reduces average efficiency to 35.8%.   Improving technologies  of  renewable  sources  and  necessary  capacity addition  to  them in  regular  interval  will  enhance  their  role and existence against fossil fuels in future. The work involves conceptualizing, modeling, gathering information for data’s to be used in model for problem solving and presenting different scenarios for same objective.

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