Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on the Microstructure Evolution and Properties of M3:2 High-Speed Steel

Effects of sintering temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical performance of SPS M3:2 high speed steel prepared by spark plasma sintering was studied. High speed steel sintering curve of continuous heating from ambient temperature to 1200°C was estimated to analyze the sintering processes and sintering temperature range. The sintering temperature within this range was divided into groups to investigate hardness, relative density and microstructure of M3:2 high-speed steel. Strip and quadrate carbides were observed inside the equiaxed grains. SPS sintering temperature at 900°C can lead to nearly full densification with grain size smaller than 20μm. The hardness and bending strength are higher than that of the conventionally powder metallurgy fabricated ones sintered at 1270°C. However, fracture toughness of the high speed steel is lower than that of the conventional powder metallurgy steels. This can be attributed to the shape and distribution of M6C carbides which reduce the impact toughness of high speed steels.

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High Speed Steel with Iron Addition Materials Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10111549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1549

Author(s):

Marcin Madej ◽

Beata Leszczyńska-Madej ◽

Dariusz Garbiec

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

High Speed ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Microstructural Analysis ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

High Hardness ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Powder Addition ◽

Sintered Materials

Attempts were made to describe the effect of the sintering temperature and pure iron powder addition on the properties of high speed steel based materials produced by the spark plasma sintering technique. After sintering, their density, hardness, flexural strength, and tribological properties were determined. The sintered materials were also subjected to microstructural analysis in order to determine the phenomena occurring at the particle contact boundaries during sintering. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, it was found that the mechanical properties and microstructure were mainly influenced by the sintering temperature. Using the temperature of 1000 °C allowed materials with a density close to the theoretical density to be obtained, characterized by a high hardness of about 360 HB and a low wear rate of about 1E-07 g/s.

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Diffusion welding of powder metallurgy high speed steel by spark plasma sintering

Journal of Materials Processing Technology ◽

10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 275 ◽

pp. 116383 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weijun Shen ◽

Linping Yu ◽

Huixin Liu ◽

Yuehui He ◽

Zhe Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Powder Metallurgy ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Diffusion Welding ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma

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Mechanical Milling-Assisted Spark Plasma Sintering of Fine-Grained W-Ni-Mn Alloy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11081323 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1323 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yanlin Pan ◽

Daoping Xiang ◽

Ning Wang ◽

Hui Li ◽

Zhishuai Fan

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Mechanical Milling ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Interface Fracture ◽

Composite Powders ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Binding Phase ◽

Spark Plasma

Fine-grained W-6Ni-4Mn alloys were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) using mechanical milling W, Ni and Mn composite powders. The relative density of W-6Ni-4Mn alloy increases from 71.56% to 99.60% when it is sintered at a low temperature range of 1000–1200 °C for 3 min. The spark plasma sintering process of the alloy can be divided into three stages, which clarify the densification process of powder compacts. As the sintering temperature increases, the average W grain size increases but remains at less than 7 µm and the distribution of the binding phase is uniform. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation reveals that the W-6Ni-4Mn alloy consists of the tungsten phase and the γ-(Ni, Mn, W) binding phase. As the sintering temperature increases, the Rockwell hardness and bending strength of alloys initially increases and then decreases. The optimum comprehensive hardness and bending strength of the alloy are obtained at 1150 °C. The main fracture mode of the alloys is W/W interface fracture.

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Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Various Sintered Pellets with Nano-Additives

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.410.62 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 410 ◽

pp. 62-67

Author(s):

Tien Hiep Nguyen ◽

Yury V. Konyukhov ◽

Van Minh Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Size Range ◽

Pressureless Sintering ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Nano Additives ◽

Free Spaces ◽

The Impact

The impact of Fe, Co, Ni nano-additives on the density, microhardness and bending strength was investigated for several sintered pellets. Fe, Co, Ni nanopowders (NP) were prepared in the size range 67-94 nm using chemical metallurgy techniques. These powders (0.5 wt. %) were dispersed into three sets of micron powders: Co (+0.5 wt. % Co NP); Fe (+0.5 wt. % Fe NP); Fe+0.5wt. % C (+0.5 wt. % Co and 0.5 wt. % Ni NP). Mixtures were further mixed and processed using a magnetic mill and a turbulent mixer. Sintering was carried out using spark plasma sintering (SPS) as well as pressureless sintering (PS). The densities of sintered pellets were found to increase by 2.5-3% (SPS) and 3-5% (PS) in the presence of nano-additives; corresponding increases in microhardness and bending strength were determined to be 7.9-11.1% and 17.9-38.7%, respectively. These results are discussed in terms enhanced packing due to interparticle sliding and the filling of free spaces with the nanodisperse phase.

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Fabrication of TiAl Intermetallic by Spark Plasma Sintering

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1050 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 336-338 ◽

pp. 1050-1052 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hai Tao Wu ◽

Yun Long Yue ◽

Wei Bing Wu ◽

Hai Yan Yin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Intermetallic Compounds ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Three Point Bending ◽

The Poor ◽

High Relative Density ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma

The γ-TiAl intermetallic compounds were produced at the temperature ranging from 850°C to 1050°C by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process. The effects of sintering temperature and holding time on the mechanical properties of γ-TiAl intermetallic compounds were investigated. The γ-TiAl intermetallic compounds sintered at 1050°C for 10 min showed a high relative density more than 98%, and had the best three-point bending strength of 643MPa, fracture toughness of 12 MPa·m1/2 and microhardness of 560MPa. The microstructural observations indicated typical characteristics of intergranular fracture, which meant the poor ductility of γ-TiAl intermetallic compounds.

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Fabrication Processes and Properties of Highly Pure MgAlON Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.543 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 561-565 ◽

pp. 543-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qing Huang ◽

Yong Huang ◽

Chang An Wang ◽

Hou Xing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Open Porosity ◽

Single Phase ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Hot Press ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Short Period ◽

Spark Plasma ◽

Hot Press Sintering

In this paper, the MgAlON ceramic was fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and hot press sintering respectively. The results showed that highly pure and single-phase MgAlON could be fabricated at lower sintering temperature in a short period through SPS process, compared with the conventional Hot Press sintering (HP) process. The bending strength of MgAlON specimens prepared by SPS process was higher than 500MPa while bending strength of HP specimens was much lower. The open porosity was almost eliminated in SPS MgAlON specimens. Spark Plasma Sintered MgAlON had a single phase of MgAlON while Hot Press Sintered MgAlON had major MgAlON and minor AlN and Al2O3.

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Spark Plasma Sintering of α-Si3N4 Ceramics with MgO-Al2O3 as Sintering Additives

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.351.176 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 351 ◽

pp. 176-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Fa Qiang Yan ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Qiang Shen ◽

Lian Meng Zhang

Keyword(s):

Relative Density ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Close Correlation ◽

Liquid Phase Sintering ◽

Sintering Additives ◽

Sintering Mechanism ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma

In the present study, α-Si3N4 is prepared by using MgO and Al2O3 as the sintering additives and spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The SPS sintering mechanism is discussed. The relationship between the content of sintering additives, sintering temperature and relative densities of the samples is analyzed. The results suggest that when the sintering temperature is 1300-1500°C, the content of sintering additives is 6wt.%-10wt.%, the relative density of sintered samples is 64%-96%. When the sintering temperature reaches 1400°C, the content of sintering additives is 10%, the samples can be fully dense sintered and the relative density can be up to 95%. The sintering mechanism is liquid phase sintering. The bending strength of the sintered samples is 50-403MPa and has a close correlation with the relative density.

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Fabrication and Thermoelectric Properties of N-Type Bi2Te3 Based Compounds by Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.253 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 486-487 ◽

pp. 253-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D.M. Lee ◽

Cheol Ho Lim ◽

Dong Choul Cho ◽

Seung Y. Shin ◽

Won Seung Cho

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Electrical Resistivity ◽

Spark Plasma Sintering ◽

Thermoelectric Properties ◽

Figure Of Merit ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Powder Size ◽

Plasma Sintering ◽

Spark Plasma

N-type Bi2Te3 based thermoelectric compound was prepared by spark plasma sintering with a temperature range of 340~460°C and powder size of ~75㎛, 76~150㎛, 151~250㎛. Thermoelectric properties of the compound were measured as a function of the sintering temperature and powder size. With increasing sintering temperature, the electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of the compound greatly changed because of the increase in relative density. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were varied largely with increasing powder size. Therefore, the compound sintered at 460°C, with the powder of ~75㎛, showed a figure of merit of 2.44 x 10-3/K. Also, the bending strength was 75MPa.

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