Characteristics of Pollutants Removal by Carbonized Porous Media Made from Sewage Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Yeong Seok Yoo ◽  
Jun Ho Jo ◽  
Gyu Tae Seo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Pollutants Removal

In this study, carbonized porous media was manufactured using sewage sludge and analyzed for pollutants removal characteristics. Sewage sludge produced by activated sludge sewage treatment contained much organics to be carbonized, so it was mixed with other mixtures, extruded and formed in ∅ 5~10 mm ball shape, and sintered at 900°C and 1 hour in furnace for carbonization under N2 purge. The characteristics of the porous media was BET 35 m2/g and average pore size 39.3Å, pore volume 0.0092 cm3/g, Iodine number 45.9 and bulk density 0.91 cm3/g. Experiments were performed for SS, phosphate, nitrate and heavy metals (Cu, Zn). Its removal characteristics of SS and fertilizer components were compared with gravel’s used in filtration and its heavy metals removal was characterized by derivation of its adsorption equilibrium equations. In result, the carbonized porous media could be utilized as massive adsorption media for pollutant removal or fertilizer adsorption in fields of roof planting or non-point source pollutants control.

scholarly journals Regulatory and technological prerequisites of the use of sewage sludge for the production of organic fertilizers

2020 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
R. Edgecock ◽  
V. V. Bratishko ◽  
I. V. Zinchenko ◽  
S. H. Karpus ◽  
D. O. Milko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

Annotation Purpose. Summarize the regulatory and technological requirements for the production of organic (organo-mineral) fertilizers on the base of sewage sludge. Methods. Analysis and generalization of the requirements of regulatory documents on the management of organic waste and their use as raw materials for the production of organic fertilizers and soil improvers. Results. The current legislative, departmental and regulatory documentary base in Ukraine concerning the treatment of sediment resulting from biological sewage treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants for its further use in agriculture as fertilizers is analysed. Indicators are identified and analysed to determine the possibility, feasibility, efficiency and scope of organic fertilizers produced using sewage sludge. The analysis of changes in the content of organic matter and total nitrogen in the sewage sludge during its storage at the sewage treatment plant sites is presented. The technological feasibility of using sludge of different shelf life in composting production has been determined. Conclusions 1. The regulatory framework of Ukraine contains a sufficiently complete list of indicators that should be met by organic raw materials (sewage sludge) for further use as organic fertilizers. Some of these indicators – bio security and heavy metals content – can be improved in the composting process of fertilizers. 2. Fresh sediment, as well as sediment accumulated in the last late autumn and winter periods, is of main value for use as a raw material in the production of organic fertilizers. 3. The use in the production of compost sludge stored on sludge sites for a period of half a year or more requires special control of the process of decontamination. In this case, it is advisable to use additional means of wastewater decontamination. Keywords: heavy metals, manure, humus, decontamination, composting, organic fertilizers, sewage sludge.

Foam Flow in Different Pore Systems—Part 2: The Roles of Pore Attributes on the Limiting Capillary Pressure, Trapping Coefficient, and Relative Permeability of Foamed Gas

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Abdulrauf Rasheed Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Relative Permeability ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Pore Characteristics ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Foam Properties

Summary The limiting capillary pressure of foam (Pc*) and foam trapping in porous media are pore-scale foam properties that affect foam transport in porous media. They are strongly influenced by the characteristics of rock pores and throats. Because of experimental limitations, these foam properties are difficult to measure at core scale. As a result, our understanding of their relationship with different pore characteristics is limited. In this paper, novel coreflood and graphical analysis techniques were used to measure Pc* and the foam-trapping coefficient (FTC) at core scale. FTC is a new parameter synonymous to Land’s (1968) trapping coefficient, which describes foam-trapping behavior across an entire range of saturation as opposed to a single endpoint trapped saturation. The scalability of these two foam properties with permeability and other pore characteristics [average pore size (PS), average throat size (TS), average aspect ratio (AR), coordination number (CN), surface area/volume ratio, and reservoir-quality index (RQI)] were also investigated. Pore characteristics of 12 different rock samples were measured from 3D pore-network models generated from high-resolution X-raycomputed-microtomography images. The heterogeneity of the rock samples were quantified by the Dykstra-Parsons index (Dysktra and Parsons 1950), while the RQI and J-function methods were used to classify them according to their storage and flow properties. Each of the measured pore characteristics and their combination [combined pore character (CPC)] were then correlated with Pc* and FTC to understand their respective roles. Furthermore, the data points obtained from the graphical analysis of the coreflood data provided the required input data for a mechanistic foam model for relative permeability of foamed gas (Kovscek and Radke 1994). The estimated relative permeability of foamed gas was then used to study foam mobility in the different pore geometries. The overall results showed the following: P c * has strong negative correlations with all pore characteristics except AR, which has a weak positive correlation. P c * has the strongest correlation with RQI, CPC, and permeability; a moderate correlation with CN and TS; and a very weak correlation with PS. Foam trapping has positive correlations with all pore characteristics except AR, which has a negative correlation. Low AR appears to be responsible for significant trapping of foam in high-permeabilityrocks. Low AR favors more foam trapping, while high AR favors trapping of oil and gas during water imbibition in water-wetrocks. Foam trapping appears to have the dominant control on foam mobility.

In-Plane Hydraulic Resistance Through Paper-Thin Porous Media

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Doser ◽  
Sang-Joon John Lee
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Darcy’S Law ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Darcy's Law ◽  
Porous Media Flow ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Special Case

This work investigates the special case of in-plane fluid flow of a Newtonian incompressible fluid at low Reynolds numbers across a paper-thin porous medium in a confined conduit. Fluid transport in sheets with these characteristics are used in emerging devices such as microscale paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) and “e-paper” displays. Darcy’s law is applied and tested to determine if experimentally measured pressures at two flow rates of 5 μL/min and 10 μL/min agree with predicted values. A test device was designed using kinematic design principles to ensure a deterministic 318 μm gap that directs prescribed flow, unidirectionally across porous filter paper. The paper used was Grade 50 Whatman filter paper with an average pore size of 2.7 μm. Pressure was measured along the direction of flow over a 125 mm distance by six pressure ports placed at uniform increments of 25 mm to determine a profile of pressure along the flow path. Measurements were recorded at discrete time intervals over a period up to 48 hours with at least four replicates. Experimental measurements of the pressure profile show a linear relationship as predicted by Darcy’s law, allowing material permeability to be calculated. Among replicates measured under the same set of controllable conditions, experimental data also show a nonlinear relationship. The nonlinearity suggests evidence of transition into an inertia region, providing insight into the factors and behavior of the Darcy-Forchheimer transition for this special case of porous media flow.

Effect of pH on metal solubilization from sewage sludge: a neural-net-based approach

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. G. Du ◽  
T. R. Sreekrishnan ◽  
R. D. Tyagi ◽  
Peter G. C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Complex Biological Process ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Microbial Leaching ◽  
Metal Solubilization

Microbial leaching for heavy metals removal from municipal sewage sludge is a complex biological process. The ultimate metal solubilization achieved depends on the type of sludge involved (nondigested, aerobically digested or anaerobically digested sludge), the decrease in sludge pH as a result of the leaching operation, and the concentration of metals initially present in the sludge. In addition, the system temperature exerts an indirect but strong influence by its effect on the bacterial growth and acid production process. A neural-net-based model was developed to predict the solubilization of six heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn, from sewage sludge using the bioleaching process. The only input parameters required are the type of sludge, initial metal concentrations in the sludge, and the sludge pH. The model yielded satisfactory predictions of metal solubilization when tested with a number of actual experimental data. Key words: heavy metals, microbial leaching, modelling, neural-net, sewage sludge.

scholarly journals RISK ANALYSIS OF ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS FROM SEWAGE SLUDGE IN SOIL FROM THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT IN STARACHOWICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
ROBERT KOWALIK ◽  
◽  
JAROSŁAW GAWDZIK ◽  
BARBARA GAWDZIK ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant

scholarly journals Characterization of an Industrial Sewage Sludge and Its Evaluation for Land Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mohammadi Galangash ◽  
◽  
Mostafa Mahdavianpour ◽  
Samira Ghafouri Safa ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Microbial Contaminants ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Industrial Sewage Sludge

Background: Sewage treatment leads to the production of large amount of sludge, containing organic matter and nutrients and considering requirements for recycling could be used as fertilizer. The sludge may also contain various pollutants that pose serious harm to human health and the environment. This study aimed at characterizing the industrial sewage sludge and evaluating its capability as fertilizer with no or a minor pretreatment. Methods: The sludge’s organic matter and nutrient contents, heavy metals, organic and microbial contaminants were determined and compared to literature data and international guidelines. Results: The organic matter, nutrients, phosphorous, and exchangeable potassium contents of the sludge samples were significantly high as follows: 33.6 ± 2.85 %, 6.29 ± 0.16 %, 1.41± 0.01 % and 1.236 g/kg, respectively. The concentration of heavy metals was 94.3 ± 59.5 mg/kg. The concentration of heavy metals, organic contaminants, such as PCBs, BTEX, and PAHs, and microbial contents (coliforms & E. coli) were lower than those reported by other studies. Toluene concentration was high. Conclusions: All characteristics of the sludge samples, except for the toluene and microbial contaminations, were acceptable for its use as land fertilizer. Both toluene and microbial contaminants can be removed, using thermal conditioning as a pretreatment.

Bioproduction of Ferric Sulfate Used during Heavy Metals Removal from Sewage Sludge

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 816-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Drogui ◽  
Guy Mercier ◽  
Jean-François Blais
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ferric Sulfate ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal

Technology Research for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Municipal Sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1353-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Ming Wang ◽  
Liang Shen ◽  
He Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Future Direction

Heavy metal pollution is one of the main obstacles of municipal sewage treatment plant sludge for agricultural use. This paper gives an overview of four kinds of commonly used techniques for heavy metals removal in sewage sludge: chemical extraction, bioleaching, electrokinetic technology and solidification - stabilization, also analyzed the future direction of development.

Enhanced heavy metals removal without phosphorus loss from anaerobically digested sewage sludge

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ito ◽  
K. Takahashi ◽  
J. Aizawa ◽  
T. Umita
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Ferric Sulphate ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Heavy metals removal without phosphorus loss from anaerobically digested sewage sludge was investigated by conducting batch experiments using hydrogen peroxide and/or iron sulphate under acidified conditions at pH 3. The addition of hydrogen peroxide to the sludge improved the elution efficiencies of As, Cd, Cu and Zn with phosphorus loss from the sludge. The optimum initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were. Respectively. 0.1% for As, Cd, Mn and Zn and 0.5% for Cu and Ni. The combined process of 0.1% hydrogen peroxide and 1 g Fe/L ferric sulphate enhanced the initial elution rate of Cu and Cr compared to the addition of either ferric sulphate or hydrogen peroxide, indicating that oxidants stronger than hydrogen peroxide were produced in the sludge. Furthermore, the combined process immobilised phosphorus in the sludge due to co-precipitation with ferric hydroxide or precipitation as ferric phosphate. It was concluded that there is a possibility that the combined process could remove heavy metals effectively without phosphorus loss from anaerobically digested sewage sludge.

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