Microstructure and Fatigue Properties of TiAl with Unique Layered Microstructure Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 1597-1602
Author(s):  
Ken Cho ◽  
Ryota Kobayashi ◽  
Takuma Fukuoka ◽  
Jong Yeong Oh ◽  
Hiroyuki Y. Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Electron Beam Melting ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Cast Alloys

The effect of a unique layered microstructure consisting of duplex-like region and equiaxed γ grains (γ bands) on the fatigue properties of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy bars fabricated by electron beam melting (EBM) at an angle (θ) of 90° between the building direction and cylinder (loading) axis was investigated focusing on the layered microstructure and test temperature. We found the room temperature (RT) fatigue strength of the alloy bars fabricated at θ = 90° is higher than that of the bars fabricated at θ = 0°. Moreover, it is comparable to that of the cast alloys with hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment in low-cycle fatigue life region, even without HIP treatment. The high fatigue strength of the bars at RT is attributed to the γ band, which acts as a resistance for crack propagation directed perpendicular to the γ band. On the other hand, the fatigue strength of the bars at θ = 90° is lower than that of the bars at θ = 0° in low-cycle fatigue life region at 1023 K. This is because the γ bands dose not act as a resistance for crack propagation at 1023 K. Although the bars at θ = 90° exhibits low fatigue strength in the region at 1023 K, that value is comparable to that of HIP-treated cast alloys due to the fine grain size, which is one of the features for the alloys fabricated by the EBM.

Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of FGH720Li Superalloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Zi Chao Peng ◽  
Jun Ying Sheng ◽  
Xu Qing Wang ◽  
Yue Tang
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Cycle Fatigue

Low cycle fatigue (LCF) properties of a powder metallurgy(PM) nickel base superalloy FGH720Li were systematically studied in this work, including smooth LCF and notched LCF tested at various temperatures and different stress. The relationship between the fatigue life and applied stress was analyzed both for smooth fatigue and notch fatigue tests. The effects of loading frequency and stress ratio on LCF behavior were also studied. As an important influencing factor of the fatigue life in powder metallurgy superalloy, the effect of inclusions on LCF life was also investigated. The results showed that the fatigue properties of FGH720Li alloy was excellent, when tested at the temperature of 450°C and applied stress of 1230MPa, the fatigue life could exceed 5×104 cycles. When tested at 650°C and 1150MPa, the average fatigue life was still beyond 2×105 cycles.

scholarly journals Mapping the Tray of Electron Beam Melting of Ti-6Al-4V: Properties and Microstructure

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tiferet ◽  
M. Ganor ◽  
D. Zolotaryov ◽  
A. Garkun ◽  
A. Hadjadj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Electron Beam Melting ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Lack Of Fusion ◽  
Fatigue Endurance ◽  
Printing Machine

Using an electron beam melting (EBM) printing machine (Arcam A2X, Sweden), a matrix of 225 samples (15 rows and 15 columns) of Ti-6Al-4V was produced. The density of the specimens across the tray in the as-built condition was approximately 99.9% of the theoretical density of the alloy, ρT. Tensile strength, tensile elongation, and fatigue life were studied for the as-built samples. Location dependency of the mechanical properties along the build area was observed. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) slightly increased the density to 99.99% of ρT but drastically improved the fatigue endurance and tensile elongation, probably due to the reduction in the size and the distribution of flaws. The microstructure of the as-built samples contained various defects (e.g., lack of fusion, porosity) that were not observed in the HIP-ed samples. HIP also reduced some of the location related variation in the mechanical properties values, observed in the as-printed condition.

The Effects of Specimen Size on the Very High Cycle Fatigue Properties of FV520B-I

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Weiqiang Wang ◽  
Aiju Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Specimen Size ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Very High

The authors researched the effects of specimen size on the very high cycle fatigue properties of FV520B-I through ultrasonic fatigue testing. The test results showed that the very high cycle fatigue mechanism was not changed and the fatigue properties declined as the specimen size increased. The S-N curve moved downward and the fatigue life decreased under the same stress level maybe due to the heat effects of large specimens in tests. The fatigue strength and the fatigue life were predicted by relevant models. The prediction of fatigue strength was close to test result, and the prediction of fatigue life was less effective compared with the previous prediction of small size specimen test results.

High-Temperature Fatigue Properties of Single Crystal Superalloys in Air and Hydrogen

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Arakere
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Data ◽  
Blade Tip ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Hot section components in high-performance aircraft and rocket engines are increasingly being made of single crystal nickel superalloys such as PWA1480, PWA1484, CMSX-4, and Rene N-4 as these materials provide superior creep, stress rupture, melt resistance, and thermomechanical fatigue capabilities over their polycrystalline counterparts. Fatigue failures in PWA1480 single crystal nickel-base superalloy turbine blades used in the space shuttle main engine fuel turbopump are discussed. During testing many turbine blades experienced stage II noncrystallographic fatigue cracks with multiple origins at the core leading edge radius and extending down the airfoil span along the core surface. The longer cracks transitioned from stage II fatigue to crystallographic stage I fatigue propagation, on octahedral planes. An investigation of crack depths on the population of blades as a function of secondary crystallographic orientation (β) revealed that for β=45+/−15 deg tip cracks arrested after some growth or did not initiate at all. Finite element analysis of stress response at the blade tip, as a function of primary and secondary crystal orientation, revealed that there are preferential β orientations for which crack growth is minimized at the blade tip. To assess blade fatigue life and durability extensive testing of uniaxial single crystal specimens with different orientations has been tested over a wide temperature range in air and hydrogen. A detailed analysis of the experimentally determined low cycle fatigue properties for PWA1480 and SC 7-14-6 single crystal materials as a function of specimen crystallographic orientation is presented at high temperature (75°F–1800°F) in high-pressure hydrogen and air. Fatigue failure parameters are investigated for low cycle fatigue data of single crystal material based on the shear stress amplitudes on the 24 octahedral and 6 cube slip systems for FCC single crystals. The max shear stress amplitude [Δτmax] on the slip planes reduces the scatter in the low cycle fatigue data and is found to be a good fatigue damage parameter, especially at elevated temperatures. The parameter Δτmax did not characterize the room temperature low cycle fatigue data in high-pressure hydrogen well because of the noncrystallographic eutectic failure mechanism activated by hydrogen at room temperature. Fatigue life equations are developed for various temperature ranges and environmental conditions based on power-law curve fits of the failure parameter with low cycle fatigue test data. These curve fits can be used for assessing blade fatigue life.

scholarly journals Effect of Carburizing and Nitriding on Fatigue Properties of 18Cr2Ni4WA Steel in Very High Cycle Fatigue Regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Zhenduo Sun ◽  
Dongbo Hou ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Internal Defect ◽  
Surface Fatigue ◽  
Very High Cycle Fatigue ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

The work aims to study the influence of carburizing and nitriding on fatigue properties of 18Cr2Ni4WA high strength steel in very high cycle fatigue regime. Very high cycle fatigue tests were carried out on 18Cr2Ni4WA Steel after carburizing and nitriding respectively. The micro morphology of fatigue fracture was observed by scanning electron microscope, the failure mode and failure mechanism were discussed. The relationship between fatigue life and defect size, FGA size, fish eye size of fracture was analyzed. The characteristic size of defects is evaluated by Gumbel, Weibull and GEV distribution functions, and a modified Akiniwa fatigue life prediction model considering the relationship between FGA size and inclusion size was established. The results showed that, nitriding and carburizing treatment improve the surface fatigue limit of the steel. The fatigue life decreases with the increase of internal defect size and FGA size. After carburizing and nitriding treatment, the internal fatigue strength of the specimen decreases slightly. When the failure probability is 99%, the internal defect sizes of nitrided specimens calculated by Weibull, Gumbel and GEV distributions are 141.5 μm, 148.4 μm and 211.7 μm respectively. The calculated internal defect sizes of carburized specimens are 47 μm, 67.8 μm and 40 μm respectively. Compared with the experimental data, the fatigue strength predicted by GEV is the most appropriate. carburizing and nitriding treatment can improve the surface fatigue strength of 18Cr2Ni4WA steel, but slightly reduce the internal fatigue strength. The prediction result of the new model is conservative when the failure probability is 99%, which is suitable for engineering application.

Low-Cycle Fatigue Reliability Evaluation for Lead-Free Solders in Vehicle Electronics Devices

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yu ◽  
Tadahiro Shibutani ◽  
Akifumi Tanaka ◽  
Takahiro Koyama ◽  
Masaki Shiratori
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Lead Free Solder ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Free Solder

The changeover from eutectic Sn-Pb solder to lead-free solder (Sn-Ag-Cu) has been driven by environmental concerns in the last few years. In this study, in order to obtain the low-cycle fatigue characteristic of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solder joints, an isothermal mechanical fatigue test with a large strain range, which can clarify the crack generation process and shorten the examination time, was carried out. FEM analysis was also performed in order to evaluate the relationship between the inelastic strain range and the low-cycle fatigue life. As a result, compared with fatigue life longer than 1000 cycles, the scatter of the fatigue cycles from 100 to several hundred cycles becomes larger. So, it seems that it is necessary to carefully evaluate the low-cycle fatigue life in the reliability evaluation. Moreover, in large chip components, not only crack initiation, but also crack propagation, affects the failure life. Thus, the crack path was simulated and the failure cycle of the large chip was evaluated based on Miner’s rule, and reliability of including the fatigue crack propagation can be evaluated by the analytical approach.

Low Cycle Fatigue Evaluation of Inconel 713C and Waspaloy

1965 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoDean Morrow ◽  
F. R. Tuler
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Plastic Strain Energy ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation ◽  
Inconel 713C

Completely reversed axial fatigue results are reported for Waspaloy and Inconel 713C at room temperature. Fatigue strength and ductility are evaluated using power functions of the fatigue life. The exponents and coefficients of these two equations are looked upon as four fatigue properties of the material. They appear in the equations which are developed to relate cyclic stress, plastic strain, total strain, plastic strain energy per cycle, total plastic strain energy to fracture, and fatigue life. These equations and the four fatigue properties permit the evaluation of the relative fatigue resistance of various metals at different fatigue lives when subjected to strain, stress, or plastic strain energy cycling. The “best” selection of material to resist fatigue is found to depend on the type of cycling and the desired life. At room temperature, the wrought Waspaloy is found to be more fatigue resistant than the cast Inconel 713C, particularly in resisting strain or plastic strain energy cycling in the low cycle fatigue region. For longer lives the difference in fatigue resistance between the two diminishes, especially for stress cycling. It is believed that the method of fatigue evaluation used here is generally applicable to the engineering problem of material selection to resist fatigue, and should in some cases replace methods based on conventional rotating bending fatigue tests which only evaluate the fatigue strength at long lives.

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