Improvement of Poly(Lactic Acid) Properties by Using Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber and Polyethylene-g-Maleic Anhydride

2019 ◽  
Vol 972 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Chawisa Wisuttrakarn ◽  
Kasana Chomphunoi ◽  
Manop Phankokkruad
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
The Impact

This research prepared poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) blends before and after adding polyethylene-g-maleic anhydride with 3 wt% of maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA3) 3 phr. The effects of NBR and PE-g-MA3 on morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of PLA and PLA blends were discussed. The morphological analysis observed the two-phase morphology of PLA/NBR blends, and it was observed the cavities generated due to NBR phase detachment during sample fracture, and droplets of NBR phase at higher NBR content. The PE-g-MA3 addition could improve adhesion between PLA and NBR phases due to the decrease of cavities in PLA matrix and droplet size of NBR. The mechanical properties showed the impact strength and strain at break of PLA/NBR blends dramatically increased when the amount of NBR increasing. The addition of PE-g-MA3 significantly improved the impact strength of PLA/NBR blends. The thermal properties showed the NBR addition had effect slightly on the melting temperature of PLA/NBR blends. The filling of NBR and PE-g-MA3 greatly decreased the percent crystallinity of PLA more than two times. The thermal degradation of pure PLA and NBR proceeds by one step, while the thermal degradation process of PLA/NBR and PLA/PE-g-MA3 proceeds by two steps. Which the first step showed a large mass loss of PLA degradation and the second step showed a small mass loss of PE-g-MA and NBR degradation.

Mechanical Properties and Phase Morphology of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber/Organoclay Nanocomposites Prepared by Melt Blending

2018 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Kasana Chomphunoi ◽  
Chawisa Wisuttrakarn ◽  
Manop Phankokkruad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
The Impact

This work investigated the mechanical properties and phase morphology of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) blends and nanocomposites, which prepared by melt blending in an internal mixer. The contents of NBR were 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% and the content of organoclay was 3 phr. The impact test showed that the impact strength of PLA/NBR blends increased with an increase of NBR content and the impact strength of the blends was more than eight times by adding NBR 10 wt% when compared with neat PLA. The tensile test showed that Young’s modulus and tensile strength of PLA/NBR blends and nanocomposites decreased after adding NBR and organoclay. While the strain at break of the NBR blends increased with increasing NBR content. This result is attributed to the rubber phase in NBR in a cause the increment of elongation and elasticity in PLA/NBR blends. The morphology of PLA/NBR blends observed the fractured surface was rougher than that of pure PLA. This observation indicates that the addition of NBR in PLA can change the brittle fracture of PLA to ductile fracture, which has an effect to the strain at break or elongation of PLA. However, the morphology of the PLA/NBR blends were also observed the phase separation of the dispersed NBR phase and PLA matrix phase, and appeared the voids in a polymer matrix. The addition of organoclay had an effect slightly on the morphology of the blends. From X-ray diffraction, results found that PLA/organoclay and PLA/NBR/organoclay nanocomposites showed the intercalated structure, which PLA chains were inserted into the interlayer of clay due to the increase of d-spacing.

scholarly journals A study on the mechanical, thermal properties and crystallization behavior of poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic poly(propylene carbonate) polyurethane blends

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) ◽  
pp. 46183-46194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yang ◽  
Hongwei Pan ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Shulin Sun ◽  
Huiliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Poly Propylene ◽  
The Impact

PPCU was prepared by using PPC and polyols as the raw materials and diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate (MDI) as the extender chain. The impact strength and elongation at break of PLA were remarkably enhanced by blending with PPCU.

Effect of acrylonitrile content of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber on mechanical and thermal properties of dynamically vulcanized poly(lactic acid) blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2004-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chavakorn Samthong ◽  
Nappaphan Kunanusont ◽  
Chutimar Deetuam ◽  
Tanchanok Wongkhan ◽  
Thanapat Supannasud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber

Effects of Processing Parameters and Nanofillers on Mechanical and Thermal Properties and Morphology of Impact Modified Poly (lactic acid)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eda Acik ◽  
Ulku Yilmazer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTTernary nanocomposites of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) were produced by melt blending with two types of elastomers and five types of organoclays to obtain improved mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus and impact strength. One of the elastomers is a random copolymer of ethylene and glycidyl methacrylate (E-GMA) and the other one is a random terpolymer of ethylene-butyl acrylate-maleic anhydride (E-BA-MAH). Organically modified montmorillonites (OMMT) were utilized as nanofillers. XRD, DSC, tensile and impact tests were done on the injection molded samples. FTIR, SEM and TEM analyses are still in progress. As preliminary results, thermal analysis showed that the addition of compatibilizers and organoclays does not have a distinct effect on the thermal properties of the composites, and no evidence of nucleation activity of compatibilizers or organoclays was found. For all types of organoclays, the nanocomposites produced with E-GMA exhibited better mechanical properties in comparison to nanocomposites containing E-BA-MAH, especially for the impact strength.

A Case Study of Recycled Poly(Lactic Acid) Contaminated with Petroleum-Based Thermoplastics Used in Packaging Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Pajaera Patanathabutr ◽  
Patiphan Soysang ◽  
Pakjira Leuang-On ◽  
Piyapon Kasetsupsin ◽  
Nattakarn Hongsriphan
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Processing

This study was designed to evaluate properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) under the postulation that recycled PLA (rPLA) was contaminated with commodity thermoplastics during a typical density-based sorting. Change in clarity, mechanical, and thermal properties of the contaminated rPLA specimens were compared. Clarity of rPLA was reduced showing pale brownish tint when passing multiple processing. Contamination with either PP or HIPS just 1 phr caused rPLA to become opaque, which the transmittance percentage was decreased with respect to contamination content. Compared to pure PLA, the moduli of rPLA was reduced 2.6%. The moduli of rPLA was reduced 4.5-8.2% when contaminated with PP of 1-8 phr, and the moduli was reduced 1.4-4.1% when contaminated with HIPS of 1-8 phr. Elongation at break of PP-contaminated rPLA specimens was reduced with slight increase of impact strength. Elongation at break of HIPS-contaminated rPLA specimens was higher with higher HIPS content, and the impact strength was enhanced up to 64%.

scholarly journals Impact Toughness and Ductility Enhancement of Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blends via Addition of Glycidyl Methacrylate

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kit Chee ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽  
Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman ◽  
Buong Woei Chieng
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility ◽  
The Impact

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) blends were prepared via melt blending technique. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was added as reactive compatibilizer to improve the interfacial adhesion between immiscible phases of PLA and PCL matrices. Tensile test revealed that optimum in elongation at break of approximately 327% achieved when GMA loading was up to 3wt%. Slight drop in tensile strength and tensile modulus at optimum ratio suggested that the blends were tuned to be deformable. Flexural studies showed slight drop in flexural strength and modulus when GMA wt% increases as a result of improved flexibility by finer dispersion of PCL in PLA matrix. Besides, incorporation of GMA in the blends remarkably improved the impact strength. Highest impact strength was achieved (160% compared to pure PLA/PCL blend) when GMA loading was up to 3 wt%. SEM analysis revealed improved interfacial adhesion between PLA/PCL blends in the presence of GMA. Finer dispersion and smooth surface of the specimens were noted as GMA loading increases, indicating that addition of GMA eventually improved the interfacial compatibility of the nonmiscible blend.

Properties of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends and their foams

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hun Han ◽  
Myeon-Cheon Choi ◽  
Jae-Hoon Jeong ◽  
Kyung-Man Choi ◽  
Han-Seong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber

High-impact Composites of Polypropylene and Nitrile Butadiene Rubber with Improved Compatibility of the Polymer Components, Obtained by Melt Reactive Compounding. Part 2: The Influence of the Composition and Concentration of the Polymer Compatibiliser on the Impact Strength of the Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Kazakov ◽  
A.M. Volkov ◽  
I.G. Ryzhikova ◽  
S.I. Vol'fson
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Aromatic Amine ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Nitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Monoethylene Glycol ◽  
The Impact

We have studied the impact strength of composites of structural designation containing polypropylene (PP) and 23 wt% nitrile butadiene rubber BNKS-18AMN, obtained by peroxide modification in the presence of polar vinyl monomers: maleic anhydride, its polyester with monoethylene glycol (MEG), and a complex of MEG with aromatic amine antioxidant Diaphene FP (DFP). The composites also contained compatibilisers based on PP or its blends with 10 wt% BNKS-18AMN, modified with analogous peroxide modifying systems. Measurements of impact strength were conducted at temperatures of + 23°C and −30°C; the concentration range of all tested compatibilisers in the composites was 3–20 wt%. The dependence of the impact strength on the content of compatibilisers at both temperatures has a complex extremal nature. It was established that, of all the tested composites, the highest level of impact strength and a relatively slow fall in its values are ensured by a compatibiliser containing complex coagent MEG + DFP. The obtained results may be explained by the increased volume and more homogeneous structure of the transition interphase layer formed under these compounding conditions owing to the specific and effective nature of interaction of the MEG molecules with functional groups of the nitrile butadiene rubber in the interphase region of these composites, promoted by the presence of the secondary aromatic amine complexly bound with the MEG.

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