scholarly journals Lateral Effluent Discharge Apparatus for a Tidal Turbine (Where Does the Water Go?)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
George McBride ◽  
Chayut Teeraratkul
Keyword(s):  
Patent Application ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ambient Flow ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Acceleration Zone ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
The University

AbstractTidal energy harvested from flowing ocean waters is a promising sector of renewable energy in many coastal areas of the world. Challenges of cost mean that more efficient turbines are required to make tidal energy comparable with other energy sources. Downeast Turbines is developing a shrouded tidal turbine with patented rotor and channel system that concentrates ocean currents flowing through. Flow goes in with energy and comes out “spent,” its energy removed. Discharging spent flow back into the tidal stream is not an easy matter to perform, and two problems are commonly encountered: impaired efficiency of the turbine and impaired efficiency of a tidal turbine farm. Downeast Turbines' Lateral Effluent Discharge Apparatus, with patent application published and patent recently issued, addresses these two problems. It provides a means to discharge turbine effluent laterally into an acceleration zone of the stream that passes by, instead of directly to the wake downstream.In 2017, a series of two-dimensional computer simulations (2-D CFD) was performed at the University of Rochester to assess how the novel apparatus works. Nine configuration variations were modeled and tested in varying conditions of ambient flow speed and turbine load. Over 250 simulations were performed, and sample results are provided in figures and a table to show how the novel apparatus performed. Color maps of pressure, velocity and streamline vectors, and CP performance calculations, all suggest the novel apparatus works. Benefits of the apparatus might improve performance for any shrouded tidal turbine, not just Downeast Turbines' own.

scholarly journals The energy yield potential of a large tidal stream turbine array in the Alderney Race

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2178) ◽  
pp. 20190502 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Coles ◽  
L. S. Blunden ◽  
A. S. Bahaj
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Ambient Flow ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Original Array ◽  
Array Performance ◽  
Tidal Stream Turbine

This research provides an updated energy yield assessment for a large tidal stream turbine array in the Alderney Race. The original array energy yield estimate was presented in 2004. Enhancements to this original work are made through the use of a validated two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, enabling the resolution of flow modelling to be improved and the impacts of array blockage to be quantified. Results show that a range of turbine designs (i.e. rotor diameter and power capacity) are needed for large-scale development, given the spatial variation in bathymetry and flow across the Alderney Race. Array blockage causes a reduction in flow speeds in the array of up to 2.5 m s −1 , increased flow speeds around the array of up to 1 m s −1 and a reduction in the mean volume flux through the Alderney Race of 8%. The annual energy yield estimate of the array is 3.18 TWh, equivalent to the electricity demand of around 1 million homes. The capacity factor of the array is 18%, implying sub-optimal array design. This result demonstrates the need for turbine rated speed to be selected based on the altered flow regime, not the ambient flow. Further enhancement to array performance is explored through increases to rotor diameter and changes to device micro-siting, demonstrating the significant potential for array performance improvement. This article is part of the theme issue ‘New insights on tidal dynamics and tidal energy harvesting in the Alderney Race’.

scholarly journals A HOLISTIC METHOD TO SELECT TIDAL STREAM ENERGY HOTSPOTS

2017 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Angela Vazquez ◽  
Gregorio Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Tidal Stream Energy

Potential areas for tidal stream energy development are conventionally selected on the basis of resource assessments. For all the importance of the resource, there are other elements (technological, economic, spatial, etc.) that must be taken into account in this selection. The objective of the present work is to develop a new methodology to select tidal stream hotspots accounting for all these relevant elements, and to apply it to a case study, showing in the process how the potential for tidal energy development can be fundamentally altered by technological, economic and spatial constraints. The case study is conducted in the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary (UK), one of the regions with the largest tidal resource in the world. First, the most energetic areas are identified by means of a hydrodynamics model, calibrated and validated with field data. Second, the method calculates the energy that can be harnessed in these areas by means of a geospatial Matlab-based program designed ad hoc, and on the basis of the power curve and dimensions of a specific tidal turbine. Third, the spatial distribution of the levelised cost of energy (LCOE) is calculated, and a number of locations are selected as potential tidal sites. The fourth element in the approach is the consideration of restrictions due to overlap with other marine uses, such as shipping. As a result, potential conflict-free areas for tidal stream energy exploitation at an economical cost are identified. Thus, the case study illustrates this holistic approach to selecting tidal stream sites and the importance of elements other than the resource, which – for all its relevance – is shown to not guarantee by itself the potential for tidal stream energy development.

COVID-19: implications for NHS Staff

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Alan Glasper
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emeritus Professor ◽  
The World ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The University

In light of the emergence in China of COVID-19, the novel corona virus, emeritus professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton discusses the role of the World Health Organization and other public health institutions in responding to potential new global pandemics and deliberates on the role of NHS staff in coping with infectious disease in clinical environments.

Bulk Materials Research for Thermoelectric Power Generation Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Nolas ◽  
Matthew Beekman ◽  
Joshua Martin ◽  
Dongli Wang ◽  
Xiunu sophie Lin
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Confinement ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Solid State Chemistry ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Material Systems ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The University

AbstractThere are a variety of material systems employing different strategies in an effort to establish a new paradigm for thermoelectric materials performance. One approach is the PGEC, or “phonon-glass electron crystal”, approach were research towards optimization of the electrical properties of very low thermal conductivity materials is key. Other efforts focus on materials that exhibit high power factors via quantum-confinement or nano-scale affects. Still others focus on “engineering” metastable phases that possess properties that are distinct, if not unique, to solid state chemistry. All these approaches are valid and provide a fundamental knowledge base whereby present and future scientific materials discoveries will lead to new technological improvements. This paper focuses on bulk materials, in particular those material systems currently under investigation in the novel materials laboratory at the University of South Florida and the requirements and strategies for their optimization towards improved thermoelectric properties.

scholarly journals An immersive Arabic language course in Cairo moves online

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Heba Salem
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Community Based ◽  
American University ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Community Based Learning ◽  
Online Format ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The University

This chapter describes the my experience as the instructor for a course rooted in community based learning theory that was forced to move online in spring, 2020, due to the novel coronavirus pandemic. The course, titled ‘CASA Without Borders’, allows Arabic language students in the Center for Arabic Study Abroad (CASA) program at The American University in Cairo (AUC) to leave the university environment and serve the community, while also benefiting from the experience both linguistically and culturally. This course was disrupted by the students’ mandatory return to the US from Cairo as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak, and continued remotely in an online format. This chapter describes the CASA program and explains both the purpose of the CASA Without Borders course and its significance to CASA students and to the program. It also describes and reflects upon my experience of continuing the course remotely during the ongoing pandemic.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of the shear flow effect on tidal turbine blade root force from three-dimensional mean flow reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2178) ◽  
pp. 20200001 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gaurier ◽  
Ph. Druault ◽  
M. Ikhennicheu ◽  
G. Germain
Keyword(s):  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Velocity Shear ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Blade Root ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Tidal Turbine

In the main tidal energy sites like Alderney Race, turbulence intensity is high and velocity fluctuations may have a significant impact on marine turbines. To understand such phenomena better, a three-bladed turbine model is positioned in the wake of a generic wall-mounted obstacle, representative of in situ bathymetric variation. From two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry planes, the time-averaged velocity in the wake of the obstacle is reconstructed in the three-dimensional space. The reconstruction method is based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and enables access to a representation of the mean flow field and the associated shear. Then, the effect of the velocity gradient is observed on the turbine blade root force, for four turbine locations in the wake of the obstacle. The blade root force average decreases whereas its standard deviation increases when the distance to the obstacle increases. The angular distribution of this phase-averaged force is shown to be non-homogeneous, with variation of about 20% of its time-average during a turbine rotation cycle. Such force variations due to velocity shear will have significant consequences in terms of blade fatigue. This article is part of the theme issue ‘New insights on tidal dynamics and tidal energy harvesting in the Alderney Race’.

scholarly journals The theme of nature in The Thorn Birds

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Le Nguyen Nguyen Thao
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Love Story ◽  
National University ◽  
Great Love ◽  
Human And Nature ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The University

The Thorn Birds by Colleen McCullough (1937-2015) is one of the most popular Australian novels in Vietnam, which is mentioned in the curriculum of Australian Studies – a major of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City). In general, the themes which mainly attract readers’ attention are the great love story between Meggie Cleary – a beautiful, tough woman and Ralph de Bricassart – an ambitious Catholic priest, and (or) an inevitable tragedy resulted from the conflict between the love for God and that for man. However, exerting much focus on human relationships in The Thorn Birds makes it hard to see another important “figure” – nature – as well as the relationship between human and nature in the West of Australia, the main setting of the novel where the climate is harsh, unique and sometimes unpredictable. Since the theme of nature accounts for a large content of the novel, The Thorn Birds is likely to be an interesting subject to eco-critical studies. In this paper, from the perspective of ecocriticism, we try to point out how the theme of nature is treated in this novel, including how the figure of nature being depicted, how the human-nature relationship being dealt with and how nature is embracing human life and “telling” human stories. We also indicate the possible connection between literature and daily human life, and between a 1977 Australian novel which tells us the stories of the natural cycle, the bushfires, the imported animals, etc. and the unusual wildfires which occurred in this country at the beginning of the year 2020. In addition, by evaluating as a typical Australian novel from eco-critical perspectives, we hope to introduce a new approach to conduct research on Australian literature at the Department of Australian Studies and for other researches of literature major in the University.

scholarly journals Passive acoustic methods for tracking the 3D movements of small cetaceans around marine structures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Gillespie ◽  
Laura Palmer ◽  
Jamie Macaulay ◽  
Carol Sparling ◽  
Gordon Hastie
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Tidal Turbines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Passive Acoustic

AbstractA wide range of anthropogenic structures exist in the marine environment with the extent of these set to increase as the global offshore renewable energy industry grows. Many of these pose acute risks to marine wildlife; for example, tidal energy generators have the potential to injure or kill seals and small cetaceans through collisions with moving turbine parts. Information on fine scale behaviour of animals close to operational turbines is required to understand the likely impact of these new technologies. There are inherent challenges associated with measuring the underwater movements of marine animals which have, so far, limited data collection. Here, we describe the development and application of a system for monitoring the three-dimensional movements of cetaceans in the immediate vicinity of a subsea structure. The system comprises twelve hydrophones and software for the detection and localisation of vocal marine mammals. We present data demonstrating the systems practical performance during a deployment on an operational tidal turbine between October 2017 and October 2019. Three-dimensional locations of cetaceans were derived from the passive acoustic data using time of arrival differences on each hydrophone. Localisation accuracy was assessed with an artificial sound source at known locations and a refined method of error estimation is presented. Calibration trials show that the system can accurately localise sounds to 2m accuracy within 20m of the turbine but that localisations become highly inaccurate at distances greater than 35m. The system is currently being used to provide data on rates of encounters between cetaceans and the turbine and to provide high resolution tracking data for animals close to the turbine. These data can be used to inform stakeholders and regulators on the likely impact of tidal turbines on cetaceans.

Using Mobile Devices to Engage Students in Evolutionary Thinking

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-627
Author(s):  
Steven J. Lysne ◽  
Brant G. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Undergraduate Biology ◽  
Outdoor Activities ◽  
Science School ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The University

We used personal mobile electronic devices (PMEDs) to engage students in a lesson to support evolutionary thinking in an undergraduate biology course. Community-college students enrolled in Biodiversity & Evolution, a core majors biology course, met for an optional field trip at the University of Idaho's McCall Outdoor Science School (MOSS) in central Idaho during the summer of 2014. Ten students participated in the classroom and outdoor activities. Students were provided with directions and objectives for the lesson, and students’ own PMEDs were used to capture images of the community of organisms in and around the outdoor campus. After returning from the field, students analyzed their digital data in the context of morphological similarities and differences to construct a phylogenetic hypothesis for the relationships of the organisms observed. Students’ comments were solicited regarding the activity, and feedback was generally positive. From the teachers’ perspective, students appeared highly engaged and the novel method was a success. We discuss the theoretical basis for using PMEDs and provide a detailed lesson plan.

Միջազգային հռչակի տեր բյուզանդագետն ու հայագետը

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Aelita Dolukhanyan
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
State University ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Basis ◽  
Euphrates Valley ◽  
The University

Nicholas Adonts (1871–1942) is one of the outstanding Armenian scholars who received an excellent education in Russia and Europe. During his studies at the University of St. Petersburg and later, when he improved his knowledge in well-known educational centers of Europe – in London, Paris, Vienna, Strasbourg and Munich, Adonts had the support of the great national benefactor Alexander Mantashiants. Eight volumes of Adonts’ works were published by Yerevan State University with the support of the Armenian branch of the Galust Gyulbenkian Foundation. Adonts left no autobiographical memories․ They would have been extremely interesting, since his life was really amazing. Tigran the Great (95–55 BC) was the most beloved historical figure of Adonts. He actually confirms that Tigran manifested himself as a world sovereign and enlightener, and his activities require new elucidation. Adonts presents the great deeds and military successes of the representatives of the princely house of Mamikonians in the Byzantine Empire. The study “The Fame of Bagratids” by Adonts is very interesting; it represents the branches of the Armenian royal house of Bagratids in Georgia, Caucasian Albania and Artsakh. In his extensive article “The Historical Basis and Ideological Value of the Novel David Bek”, the historian takes an exploratory approach while describing the historical events of the novel David Bek by Raffi. Especially rich is the heritage of the scientist in Byzantine studies, which has two branches of scientific and cognitive significance. Firstly, it presents important events of the history of Byzantium, and then the famous figures of this history, who were Armenians by nationality. In 1928 Adonts made a new discovery in Byzantine studies, exploring the “Historical basis of the Byzantine epic Digenis Acritas”. He proved that the epic poem was not Greek, since the homeland and place of activity of the main hero are the Euphrates valley, and his exploits take place in Western Armenia. Adonts was a devoted defendet of the Armenian Cause and dedicated many articles to this issue. Adonts left three monumental monographs as a legacy to science. These are: Armenia in the Era of Justinian (1908), Dionysius of Thrace and Armenian Commentators (1915) and the posthumously published Critical History of Armenia (1946). The scientific heritage of Adonts in the field of Byzantine studies and Armenology is rich with many scientific discoveries, whose value will be preserved forever.

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