Biodiversity of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and spiders (Araneae) across a tallgrass prairie – aspen forest ecotone in southern Manitoba

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Roughley ◽  
Darren A. Pollock ◽  
David J. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Aspen Forest ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Forest Ecotone

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the similarities and differences between selected bioindicator groups within tallgrass prairie and adjacent aspen forest. Based on pitfall trapping from 1998 to 2000, species richness and abundance of ground beetles and spiders were examined across a tallgrass prairie – aspen forest ecotone located near Winnipeg, Manitoba. The abundance of spiders and ground beetles was higher in the forested portion of the transect than in the prairie section. There were 639 specimens of ground beetles collected, representing 53 species; 19 species were found only on the prairie, 19 species were found only in the forest, and 15 species were found in both habitats, although the abundance of most species was too low to confidently assign them to either habitat type. Excluding single records in any sampling year yielded 9 prairie species, 5 forest species, and 10 species found in both aspen forest and tallgrass prairie. The five most abundant species of ground beetles were Agonum placidum (Say), Pterostichus caudicalis (Say), P. femoralis (Kirby), P. melanarius (Illiger), and Synuchus impunctatus (Say). There were 4499 specimens of spiders collected, representing 92 species; 25 species were found only in the prairie, 15 species were unique to the aspen forest, and 52 species were found in both habitats. Excluding single records in any sampling year yielded 26 prairie species, 15 forest species, and 22 species found in both habitats. The five most abundant species of spiders were Pardosa moesta Banks, P. distincta (Blackwall), Agroeca ornata Banks, Centromerus sylvaticus (Blackwall), and Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck). Our study concurs with other studies in demonstrating that there are distinct assemblages of both groups of predators in each of the two habitat types.

scholarly journals Do the assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates in nearshore waters of Western Australia vary among habitat types, zones and seasons?

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Wildsmith ◽  
I.C. Potter ◽  
F.J. Valesini ◽  
M.E. Platell
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled seasonally in the subtidal and upper and lower swash zones at two sites in each of six nearshore habitat types on the lower west coast of Australia. The habitat types, which differed mainly in the extent of their exposure to wave activity and whether sea grass and/or nearshore reefs were present, had been distinguished quantitatively using values for a suite of seven statistically-selected enduring environmental characteristics (Valesini et al., 2003). The core samples yielded 121 species representing eight phyla, among which the Polychaeta, Malacostraca and Bivalvia were the most speciose classes, contributing ∼38, 23 and 10%, respectively, to the total number of individuals. The total number of species and mean density of macroinvertebrates at the most protected habitat type (1), i.e. 70 and 209·2 individuals 0·1 m−2, respectively, were far greater than in any other habitat type. Habitat type influenced species composition to a greater extent than either zone or season. Furthermore, the extents of the differences among the species compositions of the six habitat types statistically matched the extents of the differences among the values for the suite of enduring environmental characteristics that distinguished each of those habitat types. Overall, the species composition at habitat type 1 was the most distinct, containing five abundant species of polychaetes that were adapted to deposit-feeding in calm waters with high levels of organic material and which were rare in all other habitat types. In contrast, the fauna at the most exposed habitat type was characterized by four crustacean species and a species of bivalve and polychaete, whose mobility and tough external surface facilitated their survival and feeding in turbulent waters. The zonal differences in faunal compositions among habitat types were greatest in the case of the subtidal zone. The faunal compositions differed among zones and seasons only at the most protected habitat type.

scholarly journals Patterns of Species Richness and Abundance in Badingilo National Park in South Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Francis Lado ◽  
David Gwolo Phanuel Mogga ◽  
Richard Angelo Lado Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Riverine Habitat ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Point Count Method

The study was carried out to determine patterns of birds’ species richness, alpha and beta diversities; and abundance in Badingilo national park using a 10 m fixed-radius point count method. A total of 2670 individuals were recorded from 182 points in the park. The highest expected number of species (Jack1 estimator) was observed in the Riverine habitat and least was in the Agriculture and Human settlement habitat type. The total number of species observed in the park was 63; however Jack1 estimator indicated that there were 68 species in the park. The majority of the birds observed during the study were resident species, few migratory and Palaearctic bird species. Few birds observed in the park were abundant. The most abundant species was the village weaver (381 individuals), and the rarest species were black-bellied bustard, barn owl, black scimitar bill and tree pipit (one individual each).

scholarly journals Distribution of ground beetles of the genus Amara Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in the agrolandscape in Northwestern Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
O. G. Guseva ◽  
A. G. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Northwestern Russia

The article investigates the abundance of beetles of the genus Amara in the agrolandscape of the Leningrad Region. In the period from 2004 to 2010, 14 Amara species were collected by pitfall trapping. Amara fulva (O.F. Müll.) is the most common species in the potato and clean fallow fields, Amara similata (Gyll.) – in the grain and grasses fields, and A. communis (Pz.) ˗ in adjacent semi-natural habitats respectively. The cluster analysis shows that assemblages of ground beetles of the genus Amara in fields of different crops, field boundaries, and adjacent habitats are separated from each other. In the agrolandscape, the population of beetles of the genus Amara reaches its greatest species richness and abundance in perennial grassfields. In addition, to our best knowledge, this research was a first time when Amara ingenua (Duft.) was observed feeding on the flowering spikelets of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.).

scholarly journals Comparación entre ensambles de Phyllophaga (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) del Occidente de Cuba

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Annery Serrano Rodríguez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Morón Ríos ◽  
Alejandro Barro Cañamero ◽  
Gabriela Molina
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Intermediate Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The Cuban archipelago has 79 Phyllophaga species with a 98.6 % of endemism, which makes the group ecologically and economically important, as some species are classified as crop pests. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the composition and structure of the Phyllophaga assemblages with their habitat type, considering both plant structure and level of human habitat disturbance. A total of 17 locations were sampled in Western Cuba during the rainy seasons of the period from 2011 to 2015; these differed in habitat types (forests and agroecosystems). Samplings followed standard methods and were made once with a light trap screen in each locality. A total of 1153 individuals of 24 Phyllophaga species were collected. The total abundance of collected individuals varied between 10 and 306, and species richness between two and nine species. The most abundant species was Phyllophaga dissimilis (Chevrolat) which also had the highest frequency of occurrence. Generally, less anthropized sites reflected richer and equitative communities; although these characteristics appeared in two sites that showed intermediate degree of disturbance. The non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that the most similar samples were those of the very anthropized sites; this similarity was given mainly by the abundance of Phyllophaga dissimilis, P. insualepinorum and P. puberula. Besides, the geographical distance was not related to the similarity of these assemblages.

scholarly journals Distribution and abundance of avifauna on the foothills of Mt. Pangasugan, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines

2006 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Maritess Labrador ◽  
Teofanes Patindol
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Habitat Change ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Elevation Range ◽  
Patterns Of Distribution ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specialist Groups ◽  
Unique Association

This study determined the distribution and abundance of avifauna on the foothills of Mount Pangasugan using the standard transect method. A total of 46 avifaunal species belonging to 12 orders and 27 families with 24% endemism were found in the three selected sites based on habitat types, degree of disturbance and elevation range. Most represented order is Passeriformes while the most represented family is Columbidae. Patterns of distribution and abundance of avifauna tend to be associated with habitat type and degree of disturbance. The most abundant and most frequently encountered species are the generalists, which can tolerate various degree of disturbance in a wide range of habitats; the least frequently occurring and least abundant species are mostly endemic interior species which prefer relatively intact forest at higher elevations where disturbance is very minimal. These specialist groups of avifaunal species, which are mostly internationally recognized as threatened, show unique association with particular habitat type, thus considered to be highly sensitive to habitat change. Protection of the remaining forests in Mount Pangasugan is deemed necessary for the survival of these interior species.

scholarly journals Diversity Partitioning of Wild Bee Assemblages (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Apiformes) and Species Preferences for Three Types of Refuge Habitats in an Agricultural Landscape in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Banaszak ◽  
Piotr Szefer
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Linear Forest ◽  
Species Preferences

Abstract Patterns in bee assemblages consisting of 52 core (most abundant) species in farmland in the Wielkopolska region of W Poland were analysed. The entomological material was assessed during earlier research in 1978-1993 from 18 plots in three habitat types: shelterbelts, roadsides and forest patches. At the scale of the refuge habitat size analysed here, an increase in area only slightly enhanced bee species richness. The bee assemblage structures of roadsides and forest patches differ significantly, but their indicator species do not form any well-defined ecological groups. In non-linear forest patches, the bee community structure was more homogeneous than on roadsides. These two habitat types differed significantly in their species composition. Nine significant indicator species were found, but they did not share any ecological characteristics. Three factors were found to affect significantly the responses of individual bee species in the agricultural landscape: the degree of isolation of the refuge habitat, the edge ratio, and roadsides as a refuge habitat type. A large part of the regional diversity is due to the heterogeneity of habitats within the landscape. Habitat area has little influence on the diversity of wild bees, at least within the size range analysed here. We concluded from this study that, regardless of the habitat type, the density of bees from the summer phenological period is affected by the number of food plant species. Point forest patches are habitats where summer species from the genus Andrena and the cleptoparasitic genera Nomada and Sphecodes achieve their highest abundances. Roadsides negatively affected abundances of wild bees and there were no characteristic species for this type of habitat. We hypothesised that this might be related to the specific ecological part played by this type of habitat.

scholarly journals The influence of habitat type on the distribution of carabid beetles in traditionally managed “dehesa” ecosystems in NW Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Taboada ◽  
Johan Kotze ◽  
José Salgado ◽  
Reyes Tárrega
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Specialist Species

We investigated the responses of carabid beetles to habitat type at the local scale in traditionally managed “dehesa” ecosystems in NW Spain. The beetles were sampled from two habitat types (central grassland and surrounding forested zone) of five “dehesa” ecosystems, from May to October 2004. Atotal of 4,374 carabid individuals and 55 species were captured using pitfall trapping. Most of the species were collected from both habitat types, probably due to open spaces created between old-growth trees in the forested zone. Differences in carabid assemblage composition were found mainly due to Harpalus species characteristic from the central grassland and a few forest specialist species exclusively found in the forested zone. The maintenance of the “dehesa” structure may be of importance for carabid species adapted to the variety of habitats created, and requires the continuation of traditional management practices.

scholarly journals Pitfall trap efficiency: do trap size, collecting fluid and vegetation structure matter?

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Koivula ◽  
Johan Kotze ◽  
Laura Hiisivuori ◽  
Hannu Rita
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Trap Size

Apart from experimental design, the selection of pitfall trap size, collecting fluid and habitat type sampled may also influence the capture efficiency of the method. We combined three field studies from two very different geographic areas, in which the efficiency of pitfall traps, using carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), is evaluated. First, we showed that ethylene-glycol is a more efficient collecting fluid compared to commercial anti-freeze, paraffin and salt water in collecting beetles in a forest patch in South Africa. Second, we showed that larger traps (90 mm mouth diameter) are more efficient in collecting carabids than small traps (65 mm) in a meadow in Finland. We also showed that for these large traps, commercial vinegar was a better collecting fluid than propylene-glycol, but that for small traps, propylene-glycol was superior to vinegar in collecting carabids. Finally, we showed that the trappability of Pterostichus oblongopunctatus and Carabus hortensis differed in enclosures placed into two different habitat types (a forest and a clear-cut in Finland), while trappability did not differ significantly for two other species (Calathus micropterus and Pterostichus niger) in these habitat types. However, for the two Pterostichus species studied, the catches in traps placed in the centre of the enclosures were slightly higher in the clear-cut, compared to the forest, and catches were higher in enclosures with rich field-layer vegetation, compared to enclosures with poor vegetation. The three studies re-emphasise the uncertainties of using pitfall traps in ecological studies. However, with careful planning and standardisation to help avoid erroneous interpretations, pitfall trapping is an invaluable method for the field ecologist.

scholarly journals Responses of Bat Communities (Mammalia: Chiroptera) to Forest Loss and Habitat Conversion in Southern Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110103
Author(s):  
Patrick Jules Atagana ◽  
Eric Moïse Bakwo Fils ◽  
Sevilor Kekeunou
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Species Specific

We aimed to assess how bats are affected by habitat transformation by comparing bat assemblages in four habitat types: primary forest, secondary forest, cocoa plantations and human habitations in the Dja Biosphere Reserve of southern Cameroon. Bats were sampled in the four habitat types using mist nets. During 126 nights, a total of 413 bats were captured, belonging to four families, 16 genera and 24 species. Ninety three individuals (17 species) were captured in the primary forest, followed by plantations (105 individuals, 14 species), human habitations (159 individuals, 10 species), and secondary forest (55 individuals, eight species). Megaloglossus woermanni was recorded in all the four habitats, and was the most abundant species (105 individuals). The analysis of bat assemblage between habitat types showed a statistically significant difference in species composition. The distribution of the six most abundant species ( Epomops franqueti, Megaloglossus woermanni, Rousettus aegyptiacus, Dohyrina cyclops, Hipposideros cf. caffer and Hipposideros cf. ruber) was influenced by habitat types. Our results suggest that the decrease in species richness observed in disturbed habitats may be due to habitat perturbations of primary forest habitats. Therefore, it is important to examine the effects of habitat conversion at species level, as responses are often species-specific.

scholarly journals Recent Invasion of the Endemic Banggai Cardinalfish, Pterapogon kauderni at The Strait of Bali: Assessment of the Habitat Type and Population Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Giri Putra ◽  
I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Aquarium Trade ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Narrow Bay ◽  
Sexually Mature

The demands of marine organisms for the aquarium trade are remain high and seems continue to increase. Consequently, many of marine organisms has been spread out from its natural habitat as in the case of endemic Banggai cardinalfish, (Pterapogon kauderni). That has invaded “new” habitat since it being trade in 1995. In recent years, a small populations of P. kauderni is known to be exist in a narrow bay near the Gilimanuk harbor, Bali. An underwater visual fish census survey was conducted on June 2018 to estimate the habitat types and densities of P. kauderni.  Additionally, 23 specimens of P. kauderni were collected randomly in order to assess biological parameters such as the length-weight relationship. We successfully recorded 30 groups of P. kauderni that inhabit a shallow areas with a depth range between 0.5m to 2m. Of these, more than 90% of the groups were found to be associated with sea urchin (Diadema sp.) while the rest were found to live together with branching coral (Acropora sp.) and branching sponge (Ptylocaulis sp.). Total number of fish observed during the survey were 381 individuals. The fish density is 0.76 individu.m-2. Length-weight relationship showed that P. kauderni exhibit is negative allometry (b<3) which mean that the increase in length is faster than the weight gain. Interestingly, from the 23 specimens collected, none of these were sexually mature (SL<41 mm) which may indicated that the population of P. kauderni in Bali are under serious threats of exploitation.     

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