scholarly journals Genetic Risk Factors for Longitudinal Changes in Structural MRI in Former Organolead Workers

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. James ◽  
Brian Caffo ◽  
Walter F. Stewart ◽  
David Yousem ◽  
Christos Davatzikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Brain Volumes

This study examined associations between polymorphisms in three genes, apolipoprotein E (APOE), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and vitamin D receptor (VDR), and longitudinal change in brain volumes and white matter lesions (WML) as well as effect modification by cardiovascular factors and tibia lead concentrations. Two MRIs, an average of 5 years apart, were obtained for 317 former organolead workers and 45 population-based controls. Both regions-of-interest and voxel-wise analyses were conducted.APOEε3/ε4andε4/ε4genotypes were associated with less decline in white matter volumes. There was some evidence of interaction between genetic polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors (ACEand high-density lipoprotein;VDRand diabetes) on brain volume decline. TheVDR FokIff genotype was associated with an increase in WML (no association forAPOEorACE). This study expands our understanding of how genetic precursors of dementia and cardiovascular diseases are related to changes in brain structure.

Age dependent white matter lesions and brain volume changes in healthy volunteers

1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Christiansen ◽  
H. B. W. Larsson ◽  
C. Thomsen ◽  
S. B. Wieslander ◽  
O. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Age Dependent

Cognition, structural brain changes and complicated grief. A population-based study

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Saavedra Pérez ◽  
M. A. Ikram ◽  
N. Direk ◽  
H. G. Prigerson ◽  
R. Freak-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Total Brain ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Structural Brain

BackgroundSeveral psychosocial risk factors for complicated grief have been described. However, the association of complicated grief with cognitive and biological risk factors is unclear. The present study examined whether complicated grief and normal grief are related to cognitive performance or structural brain volumes in a large population-based study.MethodThe present research comprised cross-sectional analyses embedded in the Rotterdam Study. The study included 5501 non-demented persons. Participants were classified as experiencing no grief (n = 4731), normal grief (n = 615) or complicated grief (n = 155) as assessed with the Inventory of Complicated Grief. All persons underwent cognitive testing (Mini-Mental State Examination, Letter–Digit Substitution Test, Stroop Test, Word Fluency Task, word learning test – immediate and delayed recall), and magnetic resonance imaging to measure general brain parameters (white matter, gray matter), and white matter lesions. Total brain volume was defined as the sum of gray matter plus normal white matter and white matter lesion volume. Persons with depressive disorders were excluded and analyses were adjusted for depressive symptoms.ResultsCompared with no-grief participants, participants with complicated grief had lower scores for the Letter–Digit Substitution Test [Z-score −0.16 v. 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.36 to −0.04, p = 0.01] and Word Fluency Task (Z-score −0.15 v. 0.03, 95% CI −0.35 to −0.02, p = 0.02) and smaller total volumes of brain matter (933.53 ml v. 952.42 ml, 95% CI −37.6 to −0.10, p = 0.04).ConclusionsParticipants with complicated grief performed poorly in cognitive tests and had a smaller total brain volume. Although the effect sizes were small, these findings suggest that there may be a neurological correlate of complicated grief, but not of normal grief, in the general population.

scholarly journals Cognitive features of white matter lesions accompanied by different risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1705-1710
Author(s):  
Yafei Shangguan ◽  
Tao Xiong ◽  
Changwei Jiang ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases

Abstract P191: Association Between Blood Pressure And Brain Volumes Vary By Sex And Age.

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawlah Alateeq ◽  
Erin Walsh ◽  
Walter Abhayaratna ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes

Objective: To quantify the association between blood pressure (BP) across its full range and brain volumes and white matter lesions (WMLs) while investigating the effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), antihypertensive medication, and other risk factors. Methods: UK Biobank participants ( N =36,260) aged 40 to 70 years were included and stratified by sex and age into four groups (age ≤ 45, 46-55, 56-65 and > 65 years old). Multi-level regression analyses were used to assess the association between mean arterial (MAP), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, and brain volumes segmented using the FreeSufer software (gray matter [GMV], white matter [WMV], left [L] and right hippocampal volume [RHCV]) and WMLs. We also investigated the interaction effects between body mass index (BMI) and antihypertensive medication and BP in predicting brain volumes and WMLs. Results: Every 10-mmHg higher DBP was associated with lower brain volumes (GMV: -1300– -2800) [SE=34–90]; WMV: -903.44– -1171.7[SE=34.66–53.03]; LHCV: -7.7– -14.26 [SE=0.44–0.57]; RHCV: -6.25– -22.64[SE=0.32–0.95]) across all age groups. A similar pattern was detected in both sexes, although it was weaker, in men. Also, every 10-mmHg higher MAP was associated with larger WMLs across all age groups but peaked > 65 years (0.1 [SE=0.002]). Both lower BMI and anti-hypertensive medication appeared to afford a protective effect. Conclusion: Higher BP is associated with worse cerebral health across the full BP range from middle adulthood and across the life course. Therefore, it is important that prevention efforts be directed at younger adults with focus on achieving optimal BP to decrease future risk of developing dementia.

scholarly journals The study on analysis of risk factors for severity of white matter lesions and its correlation with cerebral microbleeds in the elderly with lacunar infarction

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. e18865
Author(s):  
Yu-Ni Zhou ◽  
Hao-Yuan Gao ◽  
Fang-Fang Zhao ◽  
Ying-Chun Liang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Lacunar Infarction

scholarly journals Hemiplegic (unilateral) cerebral palsy in northern Stockholm: clinical assessment, brain imaging, EEG, epilepsy and aetiologic background factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Tillberg ◽  
Bengt Isberg ◽  
Jonas K. E. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to describe clinical presentation, epilepsy, EEG, extent and site of the underlying cerebral lesion with special reference towards aetiologic background factors in a population-based group of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods Forty-seven children of school- age, fulfilling the SPCE (Surveillance of Cerebral palsy in Europe)-criteria of hemiplegic cerebral palsy, identified via the Swedish cerebral palsy register, were invited and asked to participate in the study. Results Fifteen boys and six girls participated. Of the sixteen children born at term, five had no risk factors for cerebral palsy. Two out of five preterm children presented additional risk factors. Debut of motor impairment was observed in the first year of life in sixteen children. Age at diagnosis varied from 2 months to 6 years. Epilepsy was common and associated with grey- and white matter injury. Conclusions Recognizing the importance of risk factors for cerebral palsy, any child with these risk factors should be offered a check-up by a paediatrician or a paediatric neurologist. Thereby reducing diagnostic delay. Epilepsy is common in hemiplegic cerebral palsy and associated with grey- and white matter injury in this cohort.

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