Abstract P191: Association Between Blood Pressure And Brain Volumes Vary By Sex And Age.

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawlah Alateeq ◽  
Erin Walsh ◽  
Walter Abhayaratna ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes

Objective: To quantify the association between blood pressure (BP) across its full range and brain volumes and white matter lesions (WMLs) while investigating the effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), antihypertensive medication, and other risk factors. Methods: UK Biobank participants ( N =36,260) aged 40 to 70 years were included and stratified by sex and age into four groups (age ≤ 45, 46-55, 56-65 and > 65 years old). Multi-level regression analyses were used to assess the association between mean arterial (MAP), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, and brain volumes segmented using the FreeSufer software (gray matter [GMV], white matter [WMV], left [L] and right hippocampal volume [RHCV]) and WMLs. We also investigated the interaction effects between body mass index (BMI) and antihypertensive medication and BP in predicting brain volumes and WMLs. Results: Every 10-mmHg higher DBP was associated with lower brain volumes (GMV: -1300– -2800) [SE=34–90]; WMV: -903.44– -1171.7[SE=34.66–53.03]; LHCV: -7.7– -14.26 [SE=0.44–0.57]; RHCV: -6.25– -22.64[SE=0.32–0.95]) across all age groups. A similar pattern was detected in both sexes, although it was weaker, in men. Also, every 10-mmHg higher MAP was associated with larger WMLs across all age groups but peaked > 65 years (0.1 [SE=0.002]). Both lower BMI and anti-hypertensive medication appeared to afford a protective effect. Conclusion: Higher BP is associated with worse cerebral health across the full BP range from middle adulthood and across the life course. Therefore, it is important that prevention efforts be directed at younger adults with focus on achieving optimal BP to decrease future risk of developing dementia.

scholarly journals Higher Blood Pressure is Associated with Greater White Matter Lesions and Brain Atrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Khawlah Alateeq ◽  
Erin I. Walsh ◽  
Nicolas Cherbuin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Full Range ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Dependent Relationship

Background: To summarise and quantify the evidence on the association between Blood pressure (BP), white matter lesions (WMLs), and brain volumes. Method: Electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Clarivate were searched in February 2020 using an established methodology and pre-determined search terms. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on the association between BP and WMLs or brain volume in cognitively healthy individuals, while adjusting for age and intra-cranial volume. Results: Searches yielded 7509 articles, of which 52 (26 longitudinal and 33 cross-sectional), were eligible and had a combined sample size of 343,794 individuals. Analyses found that 93.7% of studies reported that higher BP was associated with poorer cerebral health (higher WMLs and lower brain volumes). Meta-analysis of compatible results indicated a dose-dependent relationship with every one standard deviation increase in systolic BP (SBP) above 120 mmHg being associated with a 11.2% (95% CI 2.3, 19.9, p = 0.0128) increase in WMLs and −0.13% (95% CI −0.25, −0.023, p = 0.0183) smaller hippocampal volume. Conclusion: The association between BP and brain volumes appears across the full range of BP measurements and is not limited to hypertensive individuals. Higher BP in community-residing individuals is associated with poorer cerebral health.

scholarly journals Trends in body mass index and blood pressure associations from 1989 to 2018: co-ordinated analysis of 145,399 participants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bann ◽  
Shaun Scholes ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Dara O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Age

BackgroundHigh body mass index (BMI) is an important contributor to higher blood pressure (BP) levels and its deleterious consequences. However, the strength of this association may be context-specific and differ across time due to increases in medication use or secular changes in body composition. Thus, we utilised two independent data sources to investigate if associations between BMI and systolic BP (SBP) in Britain changed from 1989-2018.MethodsWe used 23 repeated cross-sectional datasets—the Health Survey for England (HSE) at ≥25 years (1994–2018; N=126,742); and three British birth cohorts (born 1946, 1958, and 1970) with outcomes available at 43-46 years (N=18,657). Anthropometry and BP were measured using standard protocols. We used linear and quantile regression to investigate cross-sectional associations between BMI and SBP.ResultsIn HSE, associations were weaker in subsequent years, and this trend was most pronounced amongst older adults—after accounting for sex, treatment and education, the mean difference in SBP per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI amongst adults ≥55 years was 0.75mmHg (95% CI: 0.60, 0.90) in 1994, 0.66mmHg (0.46, 0.85) in 2003, and 0.53mmHg (0.35, 0.71) in 2018. In cohorts, BMI and SBP associations were of similar magnitude in 1958 and 1970 cohorts and weaker in the 1946 cohort. Quantile regression analyses suggested that associations between BMI and SBP were present both below and above the hypertension threshold.ConclusionThe consequences of BMI may differ across time and by age —associations between BMI and SBP appear to have weakened in recent decades, particularly in older ages. Thus, at older ages, this weakening strength of association may partly offset the public health impacts of increases in obesity prevalence. However, BMI remains positively associated with SBP in all adult age groups, highlighting the potential adverse consequences of the ongoing obesity epidemic.

scholarly journals Association of BMI on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure In Normal and Obese Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Zuhal Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Age Related

Background Definition of childhood overweight/obesity should aim to identify children with excess body fat in order to treat the associated adverse health outcomes. Objective To investigate relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values in children between the ages of 6 and 14 year old. Materials and Methods Secondary data gathered from public health screening days at Child Health and Diseases Polyclinic of Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality Maternity and Children Hospital on 1899 children. Each child was classified on the basis of age- and sex-specific Body Mass Index percentile (BMI%) as normal weight (BMI% < 85th), overweight (BMI% ≥ 85th and < 95th), or obese (BMI% ≥ 95th). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were compared among age-sex-BMI percentile groups. Results SBP and DBP values are higher in obese and overweight children compared to normal children. Among all children in this study, being overweight and obese increased the likelihood of elevated SBP and DBP values after adjusting for age.  Blood pressure (BP) is increasing with increasing BMI in all age groups (6 to 14 year old) and this is also found at a young age. The same trend is also present within the normal BMI% group. Conclusions Our results show that BMI is associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese children as well as children in normal BMI% group. BP is increasing with increasing BMI values even in normal group but the increase is more in obese children. Hence, maintaining age related normal growth increase in the BMI in childhood is important in preventing higher BP values later in life.Keywords: Body Mass Index; BMI; Blood pressure; Children DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v1i3.5574 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2011;1(3) 101-105

EFFECTS OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE USE ON BODY MASS INDEX AND BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG FEMALE VILLAGERS IN NORTH-EAST THAILAND

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOBUKO MURAYAMA ◽  
AYU MATSUNAGA ◽  
LADDA TANGBANLUEKAL ◽  
SUWALEE TANTAWIWAT ◽  
RYUTARO OHTSUKA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
North East ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Use ◽  
Contraceptive Pills

The use of contraceptives has become prevalent among females in Thailand in the past 20 years, and oral contraceptive use has been suggested to trigger changes in fat intake, energy expenditure, fat metabolism and blood pressure. Based on field investigations of 391 married women aged 20 years or over in Yasothon Province, North-east Thailand, this study aims to elucidate the effects of oral contraceptive use on body mass index (BMI: kg/m2 ) and blood pressure, taking into account reproductive histories and socioeconomic conditions. The proportion of obese (BMI> 25) subjects was high in the age groups 30–39, 40–49 and 50–59, accounting for, respectively, 39·4%, 51·1% and 48·5% of these populations. The proportion of women with hypertension (90/140 mmHg) was 23·7%, 18·5% and 26·2% in the 40–49, 50–59 and 60–69 age groups. Current contraceptive practices in the studied population included sterilization by operation, oral contraception and injection. These methods accounted for 43·0%, 12·8% and 8·2% of the population, respectively. Sociodemographic factors such as reproductive history, years of education and household income were not significantly related to BMI or to blood pressure (ANOVA with age adjustment). In contrast, oral contraceptive users had significantly higher BMIs and diastolic blood pressures (p<0·01, ANOVA with age adjustment). Multiple regression analysis also revealed that oral contraceptive use was a weak but significant contributing factor to both high BMI and blood pressure when sociodemographic factors were taken into account and controlled for statistically. It can thus be concluded that the use of contraceptive pills, which contain oestrogen and progestin and are provided free of charge to Thai women, tend to increase BMI and to elevate blood pressure.

Body mass index and white matter lesions in elderly women. An 18-year longitudinal study

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Gustafson ◽  
B. Steen ◽  
I. Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Vascular Risk Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Blood Pressures

Background: We investigated the longitudinal relationship between body mass index (BMI), a major vascular risk factor, and white matter lesions (WMLs) in older women.Methods: Twenty-seven Swedish women were followed from age 70 to 88. Measurements of BMI, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were conducted at 70, 75, 79, 85, and 88 years. WMLs were measured using computerized tomography at age 85 and 88 (85/88).Results: Women with any WMLs at age 85/88 had higher BMI at age 70 (p=0.003) and 75 (p=0.006), compared to women without WMLs. Increasing severity of WMLs was related to BMI at age 70 (p<0.001), 75 (p<0.001), 79 (p=0.017), and 85 (p=0.025). After consideration of other vascular factors, BMI at age 70, 75, and 79 was most significantly related to WML at 85/88. Every 1.0 kg/m2 increase in BMI at age 70 increased risk of WMLs twofold.Conclusions: Overweight and obesity may be important contributors to the presence of WMLs in the elderly.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging in the Oldest-Old: A Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Davis C. Woodworth ◽  
Kiana A. Scambray ◽  
María M. Corrada ◽  
Claudia H. Kawas ◽  
S. Ahmad Sajjadi
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Brain Volumes

The oldest-old, those 85 years and older, are the fastest growing segment of the population and present with the highest prevalence of dementia. Given the importance of neuroimaging measures to understand aging and dementia, the objective of this study was to review neuroimaging studies performed in oldest-old participants. We used PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science search engines to identify in vivo CT, MRI, and PET neuroimaging studies either performed in the oldest-old or that addressed the oldest-old as a distinct group in analyses. We identified 60 studies and summarized the main group characteristics and findings. Generally, oldest-old participants presented with greater atrophy compared to younger old participants, with most studies reporting a relatively stable constant decline in brain volumes over time. Oldest-old participants with greater global atrophy and atrophy in key brain structures such as the medial temporal lobe were more likely to have dementia or cognitive impairment. The oldest-old presented with a high burden of white matter lesions, which were associated with various lifestyle factors and some cognitive measures. Amyloid burden as assessed by PET, while high in the oldest-old compared to younger age groups, was still predictive of transition from normal to impaired cognition, especially when other adverse neuroimaging measures (atrophy and white matter lesions) were also present. While this review highlights past neuroimaging research in the oldest-old, it also highlights the dearth of studies in this important population. It is imperative to perform more neuroimaging studies in the oldest-old to better understand aging and dementia.

2496-PUB: Effect of Body Mass Index on HbA1c, Blood Pressure, and Cholesterol (ABC) Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes from Tibet in China

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2496-PUB
Author(s):  
ZHANG CHENGHUI ◽  
LI MINGXIA ◽  
WANG SUYUAN ◽  
WU YUNHONG
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass

KEJADIAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA PEREMPUAN YANG TINGGAL DI PEDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Venti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Stadium I

Hipertensiadalah penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia. Kematian akibat hipertensi lebih banyak terjadi di perkotaan dibandingkan di desa. Tingginya kejadian hipertensi dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang dapat dikontrol (obesitas,berat badan lebih, konsumsi garam berlebih,aktivitas fisik rendah, perokok, dan konsumsi alkohol) dan faktor yang tidak dapat dikontrol (genetik, usia, dan jenis kelamin). Penelitian bertujuan memberikan gambarandistribusi tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pendudukperempuan di kota maupun di desa.Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif kuatitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengukuran tekanan darah, tinggi badan dan berat badan. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kutowinangun Kidul, Kecamatan Tingkir,Salatiga yang mewakili penduduk perempuan di perkotaan dan Desa Batur, Kecamatan Getasan, Kabupaten Semarangyang mewakili penduduk perempuan pedesaan. Adapun jumlah sampel masing-masing 66 respondendan 72responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit hipertensi, resiko obese dan obese lebih didominasi oleh respondendi perkotaan dibandingkan di pedesaan dengan rentang usia di atas 46 tahun. Respondendi desa dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (8,3%) dan hipertensi stadium I (6,9%) sementararesponden dengan resiko obese dan obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (1,4%).Respondendi kota dengan indeks massa tubuh normal cenderung mengalami pre hipertensi (6,06%), hipertensi stadium I (4,5%) dan II (7,5%). Responden dengan resiko obese cenderung mengalami hipertensi stadium I (4,5%), dan responden dengan obese I dan II cenderung mengalami pre-hipertensi (4,5%).   Hypertension is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. Deaths due to hypertension are more common in urban areas than in villages. The high incidence of hypertension is influenced by factors that can be controlled (obesity, overweight, excessive salt consumption, low physical activity, smokers, and alcohol consumption) and factors that cannot be controlled (genetic, age, and sex). The study aimed to provide an overview of blood pressure distribution and body mass index (BMI) of female residents in cities and villages. The study design was descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach. Primary data was obtained through measurements of blood pressure, height and weight. The study was conducted in Kutowinangun Kidul Village, Tingkir Subdistrict, Salatiga representing women in urban areas and Batur Village, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency, representing rural women. The number of samples was 66 respondents and 72 respondents respectively. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension, the risk of obese and obese was more dominated by respondents in urban areas than in rural areas with ages above 46 years. Respondents in villages with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (8.3%) and stage I hypertension (6.9%) while respondents with obese and obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (1.4%). Respondents in cities with normal body mass index tended to experience pre-hypertension (6.06%), stage I hypertension (4.5%) and II (7.5%). Respondents with obese risk tended to experience stage I hypertension (4.5%), and respondents with obese I and II tended to experience pre-hypertension (4.5%).

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