scholarly journals Self-Managed Exercises, Fitness and Strength Training, and Multifidus Muscle Size in Elite Footballers

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Hides ◽  
Jazmin C. Walsh ◽  
Melinda M. Franettovich Smith ◽  
M. Dilani Mendis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Lower Limb Injuries ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limb Injuries

Context: Low back pain (LBP) and lower limb injuries are common among Australian Football League (AFL) players. Smaller size of 1 key trunk muscle, the lumbar multifidus (MF), has been associated with LBP and injuries in footballers. The size of the MF muscle has been shown to be modifiable with supervised motor-control training programs. Among AFL players, supervised motor-control training has also been shown to reduce the incidence of lower limb injuries and was associated with increased player availability for games. However, the effectiveness of a self-managed MF exercise program is unknown.Objective: To investigate the effect of self-managed exercises and fitness and strength training on MF muscle size in AFL players with or without current LBP.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Professional AFL context.Patients or Other Participants: Complete data were available for 242 players from 6 elite AFL clubs.Intervention(s): Information related to the presence of LBP and history of injury was collected at the start of the preseason. At the end of the preseason, data were collected regarding performance of MF exercises as well as fitness and strength training. Ultrasound imaging of the MF muscle was conducted at the start and end of the preseason.Main Outcome Measure(s): Size of the MF muscles.Results: An interaction effect was found between performance of MF exercises and time (F = 13.89, P ≤ .001). Retention of MF muscle size was greatest in players who practiced the MF exercises during the preseason (F = 4.77, P = .03). Increased adherence to fitness and strength training was associated with retained MF muscle size over the preseason (F = 5.35, P = .02).Conclusions: Increased adherence to a self-administered MF exercise program and to fitness and strength training was effective in maintaining the size of the MF muscle in the preseason.

Interactive Association Between Mechanical and Sensorimotor Aspects of Cervical Extensor Muscles: Implications for Chronic Neck Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Leila Ghamkhar ◽  
Somayeh Amiri Arimi ◽  
Amir H. Kahlaee
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chronic Neck Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles

While proprioceptive functioning of the cervical extensor muscles has been proposed to be associated with chronic neck pain (NP), the mechanism by which such impairment might contribute to NP is not clear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relevance of proprioception, extensor muscles size, and endurance to chronic NP. A total of 60 participants with (n = 30) or without (n = 30) chronic NP participated in this cross-sectional study. Joint repositioning error (JRE), ultrasonographic parameters of the cervical extensors, and clinical extensor endurance were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance and logistic regression tests were used to compare the groups and test the predictive value of the dependent variables for chronic NP, respectively. Patients showed comparable JRE scores but smaller multifidus size and lower extensor endurance (Cohen d = 0.66 for both). JRE in the transverse plane (β = 1.20), multifidus muscle size (β = 0.02), and endurance (β = 0.99) were significant predictors for chronic NP odds ratio. The results found multifidus size as the most relevant factor to NP by showing both between-groups difference and considerable odds ratio. As JRE in transverse plane was not different between the groups and extensor endurance demonstrated minimal odds ratio, these 2 factors may be considered as less relevant to NP comparing multifidus muscle size.

scholarly journals Predictors of hospitalization and surgical intervention among patients with motorcycle injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000326
Author(s):  
Cary Fletcher ◽  
Derrick Mcdowell ◽  
Camelia Thompson ◽  
Kenneth James
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Lower Limb Injuries ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

BackgroundTo describe the distribution of injuries, hospitalization rates by body areas injured, and surgery-requiring admissions, and to identify independent predictors of admission to a regional hospital in Jamaica.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among persons presenting to the St Ann’s Bay Regional Hospital in Jamaica (2016–2018) with injuries sustained from motorcycle crashes. A census was done of patients admitted to the surgery ward from the emergency room, as well as those referred to the Orthopaedic Outpatient Department. Trained members of the orthopedic team administered a pretested questionnaire within 24 hours of presenting to the orthopedic service to elicit data on sociodemographic characteristics, motor vehicle collision circumstance and motor bike specifications, physical injuries sustained and medical management, as well as compliance with legal requirements for riding a motorcycle. Associations between variables were examined using χ2 tests and logistic regression.ResultsThere were 155 participants in the study, and 75.3% of motorcyclists with injuries required admission. The average length of stay was approximately 10 days. Surgery was required for 71.6% of those admitted. Lower limb injuries constituted 55% of all injuries. The independent predictors for admission were alcohol use and total body areas involved. Motorcycle crash victims who used alcohol close to the time of crash were three times more likely to be admitted to hospital than those who did not consume alcohol. As the total body areas involved increased by one, there was a threefold increase in the likelihood of being admitted. Additionally, the greater the number of body areas involved, the greater was the likelihood of admission.DiscussionLower limb injuries are the most commonly reported injuries among victims of motorcycle crashes. Alcohol and total body areas involved are independent predictors of admission to hospital. In the planning of trauma delivery services, this information should be taken into account.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.

scholarly journals Lower Limb and Trunk Biomechanics After Fatigue in Competitive Female Irish Dancers

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Y. Wild ◽  
Avril Grealish ◽  
Diana Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Joint Reaction Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Trunk Biomechanics

Context:  Because of the increasing popularity of participation in Irish dance, the incidence of lower limb injuries is high among this competitive population. Objective:  To investigate the effects of fatigue on the peak lower limb and trunk angles as well as the peak lower limb joint forces and moments of competitive female Irish dancers during the performance of a dance-specific single-limb landing. Design:  Cross-sectional study. Setting:  Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants:  Fourteen healthy, female, competitive Irish dancers (age = 19.4 ± 3.7 years, height = 165.3 ± 5.9 cm, mass = 57.9 ± 8.2 kg). Intervention(s):  Participants performed an Irish dance–specific leap before and after a dance-specific fatigue protocol. During each landing movement, 3-dimensional lower limb kinematics (250 Hz) and ground reaction forces (1000 Hz) were collected. Paired t tests were performed to determine the differences (P ≤ .05) in lower limb and trunk biomechanics prefatigue and postfatigue. Main Outcome Measure(s):  Peak lower limb and trunk angles as well as peak lower limb joint reaction forces and external moments. Results:  Compared with the prefatigue trials, dancers landed with reduced ankle plantar flexion (P = .003) and hip external rotation (P = .007) and increased hip-adduction alignment (P = .034) postfatigue. Dancers displayed greater anterior shear (P = .003) and compressive (P = .024) forces at the ankle and greater external knee-flexion moments (P = .024) during the postfatigue compared with the prefatigue landing trials. Conclusions:  When fatigued, dancers displayed a decline in landing performance in terms of aesthetics as well as increased ankle- and knee-joint loading, potentially exposing them to a greater risk of injuries.

scholarly journals Injury Characteristics among the Cricket Trainees of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan (BKSP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Mohammad Najmul Hossain ◽  
Md. Robiul Islam ◽  
Md. Rejwan Gani Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limb Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotator Cuff Injuries ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
The Common

Introduction: Cricket is a popular, well known and most played common sports in Bangladesh which is dynamic, complex, and vulnerable to injuries. Objective: To find out the common sports injuries among the professional cricket playing students of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protisthan (BKSP). Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with 70 students from the cricket section of BKSP. Data has been collected with a semi-structured survey questionnaire from January to June 2019. Result: The results showed most of the participants are in their second decade of life and the highest percentage of participants age was 20 (27.1%), similarly height (cm) mean and standard deviation (167.43±5.157) and found the highest percentage of participant’s height 27 cm (38.5%). The weights of the respondents were 65.514 ± 7.539 kg and BMI of the respondent were 23.311 ± 2.048. Major playing site 82.9% (n=58) were batsman, 60% (n=42) were bowlers and 18.6% (n=13) were in wicketkeeper. The study found 55.7% (n=39) of the respondents had upper limb injury, 22.9% (n=16) had rotator cuff injuries, 10% (n=7) had tennis elbow, 10% (7) had acute soft tissue injuries, 10% (7) had an ankle sprain and 21.4% (15) had cuff muscle pull. Conclusion: The study found upper limb injuries are most common than lower limb injuries for the cricket trainees in Bangladesh. Moreover, the shoulder is one of the most vulnerable sites of injuries.

Implementation of Calf Endurance Training in a Touring Group of Professional Circus Performers: A Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Charlotte Ganderton ◽  
Michael Henry ◽  
Andrew Walker ◽  
Paul McGinley ◽  
Evert Verhagen
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Lower Limb Injuries ◽  
Trauma Research ◽  
Cirque Du Soleil ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Program Adherence

BACKGROUND: Demanding performance schedules in modern professional circus can result in less time for injury rehabilitation and strength and conditioning for injury prevention. Lower limb injuries are a common injury presentation in Cirque du Soleil touring show performers. OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of introducing a calf raise exercise program in an established professional touring circus show over a 9-week period. METHODS: Twenty-nine professional Cirque du Soleil circus performers were recruited (mean age 31.28 [SD 4.99] yrs). Performers completed the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse (OSTRC) questionnaire each week for 18 weeks. In the second 9-week period, performers completed one set of single-leg calf raises to fatigue on each limb, once per day, every workday. Health problems between each 9-week period were compared. Feasibility was measured via program adherence and an end-of-study survey. Calf endurance was assessed by measuring the number of single leg calf raises to fatigue. RESULTS: Adherence was high throughout the program, with 93.5% of all exercise sessions completed. Endurance increased by a mean of 22.62 (SD 27.99) calf raises. No significant changes in the prevalence of self-reported soreness and injury were found: 51.9 (95%CI 44.4, 57.5) of the population reported lower limb injuries during the pre-intervention period and 52.5 (95%CI 49.2, 55.8) during the intervention. Similarly, no significant changes were found in severity scores: 20.7 (95%CI 17.7, 23.7) pre-intervention and 20.9 (95%CI 19.4, 22.4) during intervention. CONCLUSION: A single-leg calf raise exercise program can be feasibly introduced into a touring, performing professional circus show without increasing injury numbers or self-reported soreness. Furthermore, gains in calf raise endurance can be obtained during a 9-week intervention period.

scholarly journals Kinematic Analysis of Lower Limb Joint Asymmetry during Gait in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Pau ◽  
Bruno Leban ◽  
Michela Deidda ◽  
Federica Putzolu ◽  
Micaela Porta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Camera Motion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Edss Score ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The majority of people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), report lower limb motor dysfunctions, which may relevantly affect postural control, gait and a wide range of activities of daily living. While it is quite common to observe a different impact of the disease on the two limbs (i.e., one of them is more affected), less clear are the effects of such asymmetry on gait performance. The present retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the magnitude of interlimb asymmetry in pwMS, particularly as regards the joint kinematics, using parameters derived from angle-angle diagrams. To this end, we analyzed gait patterns of 101 pwMS (55 women, 46 men, mean age 46.3, average Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score 3.5, range 1–6.5) and 81 unaffected individuals age- and sex-matched who underwent 3D computerized gait analysis carried out using an eight-camera motion capture system. Spatio-temporal parameters and kinematics in the sagittal plane at hip, knee and ankle joints were considered for the analysis. The angular trends of left and right sides were processed to build synchronized angle–angle diagrams (cyclograms) for each joint, and symmetry was assessed by computing several geometrical features such as area, orientation and Trend Symmetry. Based on cyclogram orientation and Trend Symmetry, the results show that pwMS exhibit significantly greater asymmetry in all three joints with respect to unaffected individuals. In particular, orientation values were as follows: 5.1 of pwMS vs. 1.6 of unaffected individuals at hip joint, 7.0 vs. 1.5 at knee and 6.4 vs. 3.0 at ankle (p < 0.001 in all cases), while for Trend Symmetry we obtained at hip 1.7 of pwMS vs. 0.3 of unaffected individuals, 4.2 vs. 0.5 at knee and 8.5 vs. 1.5 at ankle (p < 0.001 in all cases). Moreover, the same parameters were sensitive enough to discriminate individuals of different disability levels. With few exceptions, all the calculated symmetry parameters were found significantly correlated with the main spatio-temporal parameters of gait and the EDSS score. In particular, large correlations were detected between Trend Symmetry and gait speed (with rho values in the range of –0.58 to –0.63 depending on the considered joint, p < 0.001) and between Trend Symmetry and EDSS score (rho = 0.62 to 0.69, p < 0.001). Such results suggest not only that MS is associated with significantly marked interlimb asymmetry during gait but also that such asymmetry worsens as the disease progresses and that it has a relevant impact on gait performances.

To Study the Clinical Profile and Management of Cellulitis of Lower Limb in Northern India

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462098667
Author(s):  
Tripta S. Bhagat ◽  
Luv Kumar ◽  
Prakhar Garg ◽  
Apoorv Goel ◽  
Amit Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Working Age

Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues occupying a large proportion of hospital beds. This study was conducted for analysis of patients with cellulitis according to their demographics and clinical presentation and to examine their comorbidities, complications, and its management. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Santosh Medical College and Hospitals involving a total of 60 cases having cellulitis and other soft tissue infections of lower limb. Analysis of their demographic profile, management, and complications was done. Cellulitis is seen commonly in males, 46 (76.6%). The mean age of patients affected by cellulitis in the study was 36.4 ± 1.23 years. The most common site affected is leg involving more people in field jobs. The most common risk factor was trauma in 46.6%, and other factors were diabetes mellitus and smoking, while abscess formation was the most common complication observed in 36.6% of cases. A total of 56.6% cases were managed conservatively, while 43.3% cases required surgical intervention. Mean hospital stay in this study was 5.02 ± 0.23 days. It was concluded that cellulitis is subcutaneous, spreading bacterial infection is more common in males, and its incidence is highest in working age group population. Lower limb is commonly involved. Trauma, smoking, and diabetes are significant risk factors for development of cellulitis. Abscess is the most common complication. About 50% patients with cellulitis can be managed conservatively and the rest require surgical intervention.

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