scholarly journals Methods of the National Athletic Treatment, Injury, and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP), 2014/2015 through 2018/2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Erin B. Wasserman ◽  
Sara L. Quetant ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Athletic Injury ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Common Data Elements ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Network Surveillance ◽  
Data Elements

Abstract Background: The National Athletic Treatment, Injury, and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP) was established in 2011 to provide a comprehensive appraisal of injuries sustained by high school student-athletes receiving services from athletic trainers (ATs). The purpose of this manuscript is to update the surveillance methodology of NATION-SP for data reported during the 2014/15 through 2018/19 academic years. Surveillance system structure: NATION-SP used a convenience sample of US high schools with access to ATs via a rolling recruitment model. ATs at participating institutions volunteered to contribute data through electronic medical records systems; common data elements were then pushed to and maintained by the Datalys Center. ATs completed detailed reports on each injury, including condition and circumstances. The treatments component was used to comprehensively assess services provided to athletes by ATs. The outcomes companion component was developed to monitor patient-reported outcomes following athletic injury. Summary: NATION-SP continues to serve a critical purpose in informing injury prevention and treatment efforts among high school athletes.

scholarly journals Methods of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program, 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Erin B. Wasserman ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Collegiate Sports ◽  
Common Data Elements ◽  
Data Elements

Background Since 1982, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has collaborated with athletic trainers (ATs) to create the largest ongoing collegiate sports injury database in the world. This report provides an operational update of the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA ISP) during the academic years 2014–2015 through 2018–2019. Surveillance system structure The NCAA ISP used a convenience sampling technique via a rolling recruitment model. The ATs at contributing institutions voluntarily submitted data into their respective electronic medical record systems; common data elements were pushed to and maintained by the Datalys Center. The ATs provided information about all team-related activities, even if no injury occurred during that activity, as well as detailed reports on each injury, including condition and circumstances. Summary The NCAA ISP has a long-standing role in supplying NCAA stakeholders with crucial injury surveillance data, playing a critical part in safeguarding student-athletes participating in collegiate sports.

scholarly journals PATIENT REPORT OUTCOME MEASURE USE FOR CONCUSSION AMONG HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETIC TRAINERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0024
Author(s):  
Tamara Valovich McLeod ◽  
Nicholas Hattrup ◽  
Hayley J. Root
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Patient Report ◽  
Patient Report Outcome ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patient Report Outcome Measure ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Concussion Treatment

Background: Recent recommendations suggest incorporating patient-report outcome measures (PROMs) into concussion assessment batteries. Utilizing PROMs provides information on the patient’s perspective and how the concussion may influence the patient’s health status. Past studies evaluating PROM use among athletic trainers (ATs) found varying practices and barriers to implementation. However, there is limited data on use of PROMs in managing concussion among adolescent patients. Hypothesis/Purpose: To describe the use of PROMs as part of concussion assessment and treatment practices of ATs working in middle and high school settings. Methods: An online survey regarding concussion treatment perceptions and practices was distributed to a convenience sample of 5000 ATs through the NATA Survey Research Program. The survey included personal and institutional demographics, healthcare provider access and referral practices, perceptions of concussion treatment, clinical practice characteristics of concussion treatment and PROM use. The survey was pilot tested and validated in a sample of ATs prior to distribution. Analysis of the PROM section was conducted using descriptive statistics (percentages, frequencies) for this study. Results: The survey was accessed by 304 ATs (6.1% access rate) and completed by 153 ATs (58.3% completion rate). Of those, 27.2% (n=57) were employed in the middle school or high school setting and were analyzed for this study. Just over half of respondents had <10 years of experience (52.7%, n=30). Only 35.1% (n=20) of ATs reported they use PROMs as part of their clinical management of concussion. Of those who use PROMs, 75% (n=15) indicated that they use them always or almost always. The most commonly used generic PROMs were the Short Form 12 or 36 (25%, n=5) and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (25%, n=5) and the most common specific PROMs were the Headache Impact Test (45%, n=9) and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (15%, n=3). Figure 1 shows the level of self-reported confidence of those utilizing PROMs. Barriers for PROM use included it being too time consuming (24.6%, n=14/57), lacking a support structure (15.8%, n=9/57), and not familiar with PROMs (14%, n=8/57). Close to one-fourth (22.8%, n=13/57) of respondents would be willing to use PROMs, but lacked time. Conclusion: While the use of PROMs is recommended in the evaluation and treatment of adolescent athletes, just over one-third of ATs providing care to these patients, use PROMs. Educational efforts for ATs should look to increase their familiarity and confidence when using PROMs for concussion while suggesting strategies to incorporate PROMs into practice. [Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Descriptive Epidemiology of Non–Time-Loss Injuries in Collegiate and High School Student-Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Y. Kerr ◽  
Robert C. Lynall ◽  
Karen G. Roos ◽  
Sara L. Dalton ◽  
Aristarque Djoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Student ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Convenience Sample

Context: Research on non–time-loss (NTL) injuries, which result in less than 24 hours of restriction from participation, is limited.Objective: To describe the epidemiology of NTL injuries among collegiate and high school student-athletes.Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.Setting: Aggregate injury and exposure data collected from a convenience sample of National College Athletic Association varsity teams and 147 high schools in 26 states.Patients or Other Participants: Collegiate and high school student-athletes participating in men's and boys' baseball, basketball, football, lacrosse, soccer, and wrestling and women's and girls' basketball, field hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball, and volleyball during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 and the 2011–2012 through 2013–2014 academic years, respectively, participated. Collegiate student-athletes participating in men's and women's ice hockey were also included.Main Outcome Measure(s): Injury data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program and the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network were analyzed. Injury counts, rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs), and rate ratios were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: A total of 11 899 and 30 122 NTL injuries were reported in collegiate and high school student-athletes, respectively. The proportion of NTL injuries in high school student-athletes (80.3%) was 1.61 times greater than that of collegiate student-athletes (49.9%; 95% CI = 1.59, 1.63). The NTL injury rate in high school student-athletes (8.75/1000 athlete-exposures [AEs]) was 2.18 times greater than that of collegiate student-athletes (4.02/1000 AEs; 95% CI = 2.13, 2.22). Men's ice hockey (5.27/1000 AEs) and boys' football (11.94/1000 AEs) had the highest NTL injury rates among collegiate and high school athletes, respectively. Commonly injured body parts in collegiate and high school student-athletes were the hip/thigh/upper leg (17.5%) and hand/wrist (18.2%), respectively. At both levels, contusions, sprains, and strains were the most frequent diagnoses. Contact with another player was the most cited injury mechanism (college = 38.0%, high school = 46.3%).Conclusions: Non–time-loss injuries compose large proportions of collegiate and high school sports injuries. However, the NTL injury rate was higher in high school than in collegiate student-athletes. Tracking NTL injuries will help to better describe the breadth of injuries sustained by athletes and managed by athletic trainers.

Athletic Trainers' Current Knowledge and Envisioned Use of Foundational Evidence-Based Practice Concepts

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Manspeaker ◽  
Dorice A. Hankemeier
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patient Reported

Context: The Board of Certification (BOC) requires 10 continuing education units (CEUs) in evidence-based practice (EBP) each reporting period. It is unknown whether participation in programming in the Foundations category for CEUs results in improved knowledge of and confidence in EBP. Objective: To examine a continuing professional education (CPE) program in relation to perceived knowledge of and confidence in EBP concepts among athletic trainers (ATs) and to determine ATs' perceptions regarding barriers to, use of, and resources for EBP. Design: Mixed-methods, within-subjects design; preintervention-postintervention evaluation of ATs' EBP knowledge and perceptions. Setting: A CPE workshop hosted at 2 Division I universities. Patients or Other Participants: Convenience sample of 123 AT workshop attendees. Intervention(s): Five-hour BOC-approved Foundations of EBP workshop. Main Outcome Measure(s): The Evidence-Based Concepts: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Use survey. The ATs' EBP knowledge was assessed via multiple-choice questions. Descriptive statistics, differences between scores, and correlations were ascertained. Open-ended questions were classified according to common themes and coded. Results: The 11-point knowledge score showed knowledge increased significantly (t = −12.42, P &lt; .001, d = 1.31, 95% confidence interval = −2.41, −1.75) preworkshop (mean = 6.39 ± 1.63) to postworkshop (mean = 8.47 ± 1.55). Confidence in knowledge increased significantly (z = −9.51, P &lt; .001) preworkshop (median = 26) to postworkshop (median = 38). The ATs identified barriers to EBP use as time, resources, environment, and experience in EBP; envisioned use of EBP included implementing patient-reported outcomes and internet resources. Conclusions: This workshop demonstrated improved immediate perceived knowledge and confidence in EBP concepts. Although a larger number of clinical EBP programs have been approved by the BOC, Foundations of EBP programming is valuable for CEU opportunities to narrow the gap regarding EBP knowledge. Future investigations may evaluate transference of EBP knowledge into professional practice.

scholarly journals The National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION): Methods of the Surveillance Program, 2011–2012 Through 2013–2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 862-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Dompier ◽  
Stephen W. Marshall ◽  
Zachary Y. Kerr ◽  
Ross Hayden
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Student ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Descriptive Epidemiology ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Common Data Elements

Context  Previous epidemiologic researchers have examined time-loss (TL) injuries in high school student-athletes, but little is known about the frequency of non–time-loss (NTL) injuries in these athletes. Objective  To describe the methods of the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION) Surveillance Program and provide descriptive epidemiology of TL and NTL injuries across athletes in 27 high school sports. Design  Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting  Aggregate injury and exposure data collected from 147 high schools in 26 states. Patients or Other Participants  High school student-athletes participating in 13 boys' sports and 14 girls' sports during the 2011–2012 through 2013–2014 academic years. Main Outcome Measure(s)  Athletic trainers documented injuries and exposures using commercially available injury-tracking software packages. Standard injury-tracking software was modified by the software vendors to conform to the surveillance needs of this project. The modified software exported a set of common data elements, stripped of personally identifiable information, to a centralized automated verification and validation system before they were included in the centralized research database. Dependent measures were injury and exposure frequencies and injury rates with 95% confidence intervals stratified by sport, sex, and injury type (TL or NTL). Results  Over the 3-year period, a total of 2337 team seasons across 27 sports resulted in 47 014 injuries and 5 146 355 athlete-exposures. The NTL injuries accounted for 38 765 (82.45%) and TL injuries for 8249 (17.55%) of the total. Conclusions  The NTL injuries accounted for a substantial amount of the total number of injuries sustained by high school student-athletes. This project demonstrates the feasibility of creating large-scale injury surveillance systems using commercially available injury-tracking software.

scholarly journals Post-concussion Driving Management Practices Among Certified Athletic Trainers

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-787
Author(s):  
J D Schmidt ◽  
R C Lynall ◽  
L B Lempke ◽  
H Devos
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
Certified Athletic Trainers ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract Purpose To describe post-concussion driving management practices and opinions among athletic trainers (ATs) and to compare practices across highest earned degree, setting, and years certified. Methods A survey weblink was emailed to a convenience sample of 8,723 ATs (10.8% response rate [945/8723]; years certified=14.5±10.7; years worked clinically=12.4±9.4). The validated survey captured AT driving management practices and opinions (agreement on a seven-point Likert scale). We compared the percentage of patients instructed to refrain from driving across highest earned degree, setting, and years certified using Kruskal-Wallis tests (alpha=0.05). Results When asked whether they recommended concussed patients refrain from driving, 58.5% of ATs responded “sometimes” (n=553/945), 37.9% responded “always” (n=358/945), and 3.6% responded “never” (n=34/945). ATs most commonly: recommended patients refrain from driving until symptom resolution (44.7%, n=399/892); utilized their clinical exam to determine readiness to return-to-drive (64.9%, n=579/892); and provided instructions verbally (94.2%, n=840/892). ATs agreed that “patients that are impaired by a concussion are a danger on the road”, but only somewhat agreed that “patients with suspected concussion should not drive a motor vehicle until cleared to do so by a medical professional” (median=5). High school (60.5±37.6%) and clinic-based ATs (66.5±31.2%) trended towards higher percentages of patients instructed to refrain from driving relative to college (52.3±38.2%; H(2)=5.92,p=0.052). No other differences observed. Conclusion ATs recommend driving restrictions to some, but not all, concussed patients. ATs recognize post-concussion driving dangers, but do not strongly endorse refraining from driving after concussion. High school and clinic-based ATs may manage more adolescent novice drivers and, therefore, act more conservatively.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of overuse injuries in U.S. secondary school athletics from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 using the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric G. Post ◽  
Janet E. Simon PhD ◽  
Hannah Robison ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
David R. Bell
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Overuse Injury ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Network Surveillance ◽  
Cross Country

ABSTRACT Context: With 8 million annual participants in the United States, the epidemiology of sports-related injuries in high school athletics has garnered significant interest. The most recent studies examining overuse injury rates in high school sports reported data from 2012–2013 and therefore may not reflect current overuse injury rates in high school sports. Objective: To 1) to determine overuse time-loss (TL) and non-time-loss (NTL) injury rates among high school student athletes using NATION-SP data collected from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 and 2) compare overuse injury rates based on student-athlete gender defined by sport, sport, and injury location. Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Online injury surveillance from 211 high schools (345 individual years of high school data). Patients or Other Participants: Athletes participating in secondary school-sponsored boys' and girls' sports. Main Outcome Measures: Boys' and girls' overuse injury data from the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP) from the 2014–2015 to 2018–2019 school years were analyzed. Overuse injuries were identified using a combination of reported injury mechanism and diagnosis. TL injuries resulted in restriction from participation beyond the day of injury; a NTL injury did not result in restriction from participation beyond the day of injury or lost no time due to the injury. Injury counts, rates, and rate ratios (IRRs) were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The overall overuse injury rate was 5.3/10,000 AEs (95%CI=5.1, 5.7), the NTL overuse injury rate was 3.4/10,000 AEs (95%CI=3.1, 3.6), and the TL overuse injury rate was 2.0/10,000 AEs (95%CI=1.8, 2.2). The overuse injury rate was greater in girls' sports compared to boys' sports (IRR=1.9; 95%CI=1.7, 2.1). The highest rates of overuse injury were reported in girls' cross-country (19.2/10,000 AEs; 95%CI=15.0, 24.2), girls' track and field (16.0/10,000 AEs; 95%CI=13.5, 18.8), and girls' field hockey (15.1/10,000 AEs; 95%CI=10.2, 21.6). Overuse injury rates were highest for the lower extremity compared to the upper extremity (IRR=5.7; 95%CI=4.9, 6.7) and for the lower extremity compared to the trunk and spine (IRR=8.9; 95%CI=7.3, 10.8). Conclusions: Awareness of overuse injury risk as well as prevention and intervention recommendations are necessary and should be specifically targeted towards cross-country, field hockey, and track and field athletes.

scholarly journals Retained Knowledge and Use of Evidence-Based Practice Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Manspeaker ◽  
Dorice A. Hankemeier
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Board Of Certification ◽  
Over Time

Context: To maintain certification, athletic trainers (ATs) are required to obtain continuing education units (CEUs) in the area of evidence-based practice (EBP). Longitudinal analysis of outcomes after attending a Board of Certification–approved Foundations of EBP course is lacking. Objective: To evaluate ATs' knowledge retention of and confidence in EBP concepts 12 months after a Foundations of EBP course. A secondary aim was to determine ATs' perceptions regarding barriers to, use of, and resources for EBP. Design: Repeated measures within-subjects survey. Setting: Online survey. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-seven respondents (22% response rate) from a convenience sample of 123 ATs. Intervention(s): Board of Certification–approved Foundations of EBP category workshop. Main Outcome Measure(s): The survey instrument, Evidence-Based Concepts: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Use (EBCKAU), ascertained ATs' perceived EBP knowledge over a 12-month period. Descriptive statistics and correlations were calculated; repeated measures analysis of variance determined differences between scores. Responses to open-ended questions were catalogued according to themes and coded. Results: For the knowledge score, a statistically significant increase in perceived knowledge (F2.0,52.0 = 18.91, P &lt; .001) from preworkshop (6.40 ± 1.77) to immediately postworkshop (8.15 ± 1.51) and from before to 12 months after workshop (7.30 ± 1.64) was noted. Confidence in knowledge was statistically significantly different over time (z = −4.55, P &lt; .001). Both before and since the workshop, ATs reported low levels of incorporating patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and were equally likely to use compilation research findings in their clinical practice. Barriers of time and available resources were identified, and patient care was reported as the primary area in which ATs envision future use of EBP. Conclusions: Athletic trainers improved immediate perceived knowledge and retained knowledge of EBP concepts over time; however, confidence in knowledge decreased over time. ATs did not implement the workshop concepts into their daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals SYMPERHEART: an intervention to support symptom perception in persons with heart failure and their informal caregiver: a feasibility quasi-experimental study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e052208
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Cécile Santos ◽  
Maria Liljeroos ◽  
Roger Hullin ◽  
Kris Denhaerynck ◽  
Justine Wicht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Symptom Perception ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Failure Index ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Quasi Experimental

IntroductionSymptom perception in heart failure (HF) has been identified as crucial for effective self-care, and is related to patient and health system outcomes. There is uncertainty regarding the feasibility and acceptability of symptom perception support and doubts regarding how to include informal caregivers. This study aims to test the feasibility, acceptability and outcome responsiveness of an intervention supporting symptom perception in persons with HF and their informal caregiver.Methods and analysisA feasibility study with a quasi-experimental pretest and post-test single group design is conducted. The convenience sample consists of 30 persons with HF, their informal caregivers and six nurses. SYMPERHEART is an evidence-informed intervention that targets symptom perception by educational and support components. Feasibility is measured by time-to-recruit; time-to-deliver; eligibility rate; intervention delivery fidelity rate. Acceptability is measured by rate of consent, retention rate, treatment acceptability and the engagement in the intervention components. Outcome responsiveness includes: HF self-care (via the Self-care of Heart Failure Index V.7.2); perception of HF symptom burden (via the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale V.3); health status (via the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12); caregivers’ contribution to HF self-care (via the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index 2); caregivers’ burden (via the Zarit Burden Interview). Clinical outcomes include HF events, hospitalisation reason and length of hospital stay. Descriptive statistics will be used to report feasibility, acceptability, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and clinical outcomes. PRO and caregiver-reported outcome responsiveness will be reported with mean absolute change and effect sizes.Ethics and disseminationThe study is conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. The Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, has approved the study. Written informed consent from persons with HF and informal caregivers are obtained. Results will be published via peer reviewed and professional journals, and further disseminated via congresses.Trial registration numberISRCTN18151041.

“Detrimental to the Team Dynamic”: Exploring College Student-Athlete Dissent

2021 ◽  
pp. 216747952110019
Author(s):  
Rikishi T. Rey ◽  
Zac D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
College Student ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
School Level ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
College Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
College Student Athletes

To properly manage college student-athlete dissent, stakeholders (e.g., coaches, teammates, administration, athletic trainers, etc.) must first recognize the situations that cause athletes to dissent. Although athletic dissent is not a new concept, to date, it has only been examined at the high school level. To fill this gap, this study begins to explore this issue at the college level by examining the triggering agents that cause college student-athletes to communicate dissent. Participants ( N = 72) from 11 different sports were asked to complete multiple narratives in response to open ended questions after reflecting on a time where they communicated dissent. Results of a thematic analysis indicate that there are eight triggering agents of dissent, demonstrating distinct differences between high school and college student-athlete dissent due to various contextual factors. These findings highlight the needs and desires of college student-athletes which can help coaches, administration, and other stakeholders to promote positive college student-athlete experiences.

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