scholarly journals The determinants of self-employment of black entrepreneurs in Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siboniso N. Kumalo ◽  
Irrshad Kaseeram
Keyword(s):  
Self Employment ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Black Entrepreneurs

CONSTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND THE DECISION TO PURSUE BUSINESS OWNERSHIP

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Bates ◽  
Stephen Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Black Business ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Business Ownership ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Personal Services ◽  
Black Entrepreneurs ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe choice between working as an employee and owning a business is shaped by constraints and opportunities. Among African Americans, understanding why the entrepreneurial path is chosen requires evaluating not only the relative importance of constraints pushing workers toward self-employment versus opportunities pulling entrants into firm ownership, but, more fundamentally, the changing opportunity structures shaping occupational choices. This study focuses on the 1960s and 1970s period when specific constraints historically limiting entrepreneurial alternatives began to change dramatically. Findings indicate that expanding opportunities sharply altered the industry composition of the Black business community.Because economists view the decision to enter into business ownership as an exercise in freedom of choice made on the basis of one’s preferences, they tend not to appreciate that these decisions are made in specific socio-economic contexts and that changes in context matter. Facing altered opportunity structures, prospective Black entrepreneurs have often chosen to abandon fields offering low remuneration—particularly personal services—entering instead into higher yielding fields where creation of viable firms requires investment of capital by owners possessing appropriate expertise. This transformation has remolded the stagnant business community of the mid-1960s into a profoundly different, more dynamic one.

Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarah Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German City ◽  
Post War ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Objective

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.

Entrepreneurship as Social Status: Turkish Immigrants’ Experiences of Self-Employment in Finland

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Östen Wahlbeck
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Self Employment

The article discusses the experiences of self-employment among immigrants from Turkey living in Finland. The immigrants are mainly active in the restaurant and fast food sector in Finland, primarily in small kebap and pizza businesses. The article argues that both economic and social aspects explain the experiences of self-employment. Despite economic hardship, the freedom and social status connected to entrepreneurship is highly valued. Self-employment provides a positive self-understanding and a good social status, which the immigrants from Turkey find it difficult to achieve by any other means in Finnish society

Child-to-child - special schooling in KwaZulu-Natal

Waterlines ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
Edward Breslin ◽  
Carlos Madrid ◽  
Anderson Mkhize
Keyword(s):  
Kwazulu Natal

First Steps towards Self-Employment – Microcredit for Enterprise in Scotland

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil McHugh ◽  
Morag Gillespie ◽  
Jana Loew ◽  
Cam Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Economic Strategy ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Poor Communities

While lending for small businesses and business start-up is a long-standing feature of economic policy in the UK and Scotland, little is known about the support available for those taking the first steps into self-employment, particularly people from poorer communities. This paper presents the results of a project that aimed to address this gap. It mapped provision of support for enterprise, including microcredit (small loans for enterprise of £5,000 or less) and grants available to people in deprived communities. It found more programmes offering grants than loans. Grants programmes, although more likely to be time limited and often linked to European funding, were generally better targeted to poor communities than loan programmes that were more financially sustainable. The introduction of the Grameen Bank to Scotland will increase access to microcredit, but this paper argues that there is a place – and a need – for both loans and grants to support enterprise development across Scotland. A Scottish economic strategy should take account of all levels of enterprise development and, in striving towards a fairer Scotland, should ensure that the poorest people and communities are not excluded from self-employment because of the lack of small amounts of support necessary to take the first steps.

PROPERTY TAX: THE SOUTH AFRICAN AND KWAZULU-NATAL EXPERIENCE

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey Krishnan ◽  
Roshinee Naidoo ◽  
Greg Cowden
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
The South ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

High Technology Entrepreneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Harjyot Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
New Products ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Asset Ownership ◽  
Technology Entrepreneurship ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Development Section ◽  
Value Of Firm ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
Selection Of

High Technology entrepreneurship is very important aspect in many debates, including those which are regarding launching new firms and development, regional economic development, section of stakeholders, selection of markets, educating managers and scientists.The purpose of this article is to define the high technology entrepreneurship, and identify its various aspects in relation with economics, entrepreneurship and management.High technology entrepreneurship is an investment in a project that uses various specialized individuals and various assets to create and capture the value of firm. Collaborative experiments and production of new products, assets and their attributes, which related to advances in scientific and technological knowledge and the firm’s asset ownership rights are the various factors which distinguishes Technology entrepreneurship from other entrepreneurship types (e.g. Social entrepreneurship, Small business and Self employment).

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