scholarly journals Depression in Kraepelinian Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
H E Naude ◽  
Renata Ronelle Du Preez ◽  
R Sykes ◽  
H W Pretorius ◽  
M J Van der Linde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Clinical Global Impression Severity ◽  
Severe Deterioration

<p><strong>Objective.</strong> Depressive symptoms are prevalent, under- recognised and clinically important in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia patients are associated with distinct morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a subgroup of chronic schizophrenia, Kraepelinian schizophrenia, and the association with severity of illness. Kraepelinian schizophrenia is characterised by a chronic, unremitting, severe course of illness and severe deterioration of functioning in social, work and self-care domains. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method.</strong> The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) scale were administered to 113 patients who fulfilled the criteria of Kraepelinian schizophrenia.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Sixty-eight males and 45 females participated in the study. Of this group, 17.7% scored 5 or more on the CDSS. The CGI-S scores indicated that almost half of the patients were moderately ill (i.e. a score of 4 on the CGI-S scale). Of the patients, 94 were receiving first-generation antipsychotic medication and 19 second- generation antipsychotic medication. Thirteen patients were also receiving antidepressant medication.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The findings of this study are consistent with current reports in the literature that depressive symptoms are not common in Kraepelinian schizophrenia, even though patients are moderately to severely ill in both symptom and functional domains.</p>

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms among patients with schizophrenia in acute and remission phases

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 849-855
Author(s):  
Amir Peljto ◽  
Danilo Pesic ◽  
Nikos Christodoulou ◽  
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Remission Phase

Bacground/Aim. Researchers suggest that among people with schizophrenia, the prevalence of depressive symptoms ranges from 7% to 80%. The rate of depressive symptoms among people with schizophrenia varies widely because of the phase of the disease, type of study applied, rating scale for depressive symptoms and diagnostic criteria. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the clinical correlation of depressive symptoms with other clinical parameters (type and severity of psychotic symptoms, severity of illness, insight and global functioning) among patients with schizophrenia in acute and remission phases. Methods. This prospective clinical study enrolled 100 consecutive patients with schizophrenia both in acute and remission phases. Psychometric assessments were made using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for rating the symptoms of schizophrenia, Scale to Assess the Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Results. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients with schizophrenia in the acute phase was 23% at the study group, while in the remission phase it was 13%. In the acute phase, the CDSS scale correlated with a depressive and positive subscale of the PANSS scale as well as SUMD scale. In the remission phase, the CDSS scale correlated only with a depressive subscale of the PANSS scale. The CDSS scale did not correlate with the negative subscale of the PANSS scale. The subjective nature of depressive symptoms is more pronounced in the remission phase. Conclusion. Our findings showed that depressive symptoms were more pronounced in the acute psychotic phase than in the remission phase of schizophrenia. Targeted, patient oriented, and algorithm-based approach for treatment management, with taking into account different phenotypic expressions of the disorder (patients with and without affective symptoms) is warranted in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Insomnia Symptoms in Chinese Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: Prevalence, Clinical Correlates and Relationship with Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xia ◽  
Yi Zhong ◽  
Zhiwei Liu ◽  
Yulong Zhang ◽  
Wenzheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Background: Sleep disturbances are common in patients with schizophrenia, with serious consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of insomnia symptoms, and to explore the relationship between insomnia and inflammatory markers in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 328 inpatients with chronic schizophrenia were recruited. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used to assess the severity of insomnia, depression, and psychotic symptoms. The plasma levels of several inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α) were measured.Results: The prevalence of insomnia symptoms in patients with schizophrenia was 38.4%. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.13-1.33, P < 0.001). Higher CDSS score (beta = 0.55, t = 8.21, P < 0.001) and older age (beta = 0.06, t = 3.59, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher ISI score, while taking a single SGA (beta = -0.85, t = -1.99, P < 0.05) was independently associated with lower ISI score. There was no significant association between any inflammatory markers and insomnia or ISI score.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of insomnia symptoms is high in Chinese inpatients with chronic schizophrenia. Some demographic and clinical variables, such as depressive symptoms and older age, are risk factors, while others are beneficial factor, such as taking atypical antipsychotic drug for insomnia in schizophrenia patients. No association has been found between insomnia symptoms and inflammation.

scholarly journals Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Depressive and Psychotic Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: A Naturalistic Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Stefano Baratta ◽  
Cristina Di Vittorio ◽  
David Lester ◽  
Paolo Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Naturalistic Study ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Objectives. The aim of this naturalistic study was to investigate whether treatment with clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics for at least 2 years was associated with a reduction in psychotic and depressive symptoms and an improvement in chronic schizophrenia patients’ awareness of their illness.Methods. Twenty-three adult outpatients (15 men and 8 women) treated with clozapine and 23 patients (16 men and 7 women) treated with other atypical antipsychotics were included in the study. Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), depressive symptoms were assessed with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and insight was assessed with the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD).Results. The sample as a whole had a significant reduction in positive, negative, and general symptoms, whereas the reduction in depression was significant only for patients with CDSS scores of 5 and higher at the baseline. At the follow-up, patients treated with other atypical antipsychotics reported a greater reduction in depression than patients treated with clozapine, but not when limiting the analyses to those with clinically relevant depression.Conclusions. Atypical antipsychotics may be effective in reducing psychotic and depressive symptoms and in improving insight in patients with chronic schizophrenia, with no differences in the profiles of efficacy between compounds.

Depressive symptoms in chronic schizophrenia patients: any differences between patients with and without a major depressive episode?

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kaneda
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Major Depressive

AbstractThe author investigated the differences between schizophrenia patients with and without a major depressive episode (MDE) using the Japanese Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenics. The total depression score was correlated with the dosage of antipsychotics in patients without an MDE, but such a correlation was not found in patients with an MDE.

Old age medical patients screening positive for depression

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Adrian Mark Winrow ◽  
John David Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Mental Test Score

AbstractObjective: The aim was to observe whether medical inpatients screening positive for depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) continue to screen positive following hospital discharge.Method: Participants aged 65 or over, were recruited from consecutive admissions to a city teaching hospital. Subjects had an Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) of seven or above and a GDS-15 score of five or above. Information was collected on past psychiatric history and living arrangements. Subjects were followed-up three months later and the GDS repeated.Results: Thirty subjects were recruited and 26 (87%) followed-up. Ten (38%) no longer scored positive on the GDS, and overall the mean GDS score decreased by two points (Z = 2.235 p < 0.05). Patients with a past psychiatric history or living alone were more likely to be depressed at follow-up. No participants were referred to the psychiatric service or started on antidepressant medication during the course of the study.Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are likely to persist following hospital discharge, especially in those patients with a past psychiatric history. An understanding of the risk factors associated with persistent depressive symptoms is necessary if the patients appropriate for treatment are to be identified.

scholarly journals Associations of sociodemographic and clinical factors with perinatal depression among Israeli women: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Limor Adler ◽  
Judith Tsamir ◽  
Rachel Katz ◽  
Gideon Koren ◽  
Ilan Yehoshua
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Health Maintenance Organization ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Perinatal Depressive Symptoms

Abstract Background Perinatal depression is a common problem that affects about 18% of women worldwide, though the heterogeneity between countries is great. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms in a national sample of women in Israel, and to investigate associations of these symptoms with demographic, medical and lifestyle factors. Methods The study included all members of Maccabi Health Services, the second largest health maintenance organization in Israel, who filled the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during 2015–2016. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs (aORs) are presented for associations of sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle factors with perinatal depressive symptoms, according to a score ≥ 10 on the EPDS. Results Of 27,520 women who filled the EPDS, 1346 (4.9%) met the criteria for perinatal depression. In a logistic regression analysis we found the following factors associated with perinatal depression: the use of antidepressant medications (aOR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.94–2.82, P < 0.001 and aOR = 3.44; 95% CI 2.99–3.97, P < 0.001 for ≤3 months and > 3 months respectively), a diagnosis of chronic diabetes mellitus (aOR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.22–3.43, P = 0.007), Arab background (aOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.82–2.86, P < 0.001), current and past smoking (aOR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.35–1.94, P < 0.001 and aOR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.05–1.76, P = 0.021, respectively), and anaemia (aOR = 1.17; 95% CI 1.04–1.32, P = 0.011). Orthodox Jewish affiliation and residence in the periphery of the country were associated with lower perinatal depression (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI 0.36–0.63, P < 0.001 and aOR = 0.72; 95% CI 0.57–0.92, P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions The prevalence of perinatal depression in this study was 4.9%. Perinatal depression was associated with a number of demographic, medical and lifestyle factors, including the use of antidepressant medication, chronic diabetes mellitus, Arab background, current or past smoking, and anaemia. These risk factors may help identify women at risk of perinatal depression.

Maternal anxiety and depression in pregnancy and DNA methylation of the NR3C1 glucocorticoid receptor gene

Epigenomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E Dereix ◽  
Rachel Ledyard ◽  
Allyson M Redhunt ◽  
Tessa R Bloomquist ◽  
Kasey JM Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Pregnancy Anxiety ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene ◽  
Island Shore

Aim: To quantify associations of anxiety and depression during pregnancy with differential cord blood DNA methylation of the glucorticoid receptor ( NR3C1). Materials & methods: Pregnancy anxiety, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms were collected using the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Index and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, respectively. NR3C1 methylation was determined at four methylation sites. Results: DNA methylation of CpG 1 in the NR3C1 CpG island shore was higher in infants born to women with high pregnancy anxiety (β 2.54, 95% CI: 0.49–4.58) and trait anxiety (β 1.68, 95% CI: 0.14–3.22). No significant association was found between depressive symptoms and NR3C1 methylation. Conclusion: We found that maternal anxiety was associated with increased NR3C1 CpG island shore methylation.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised: A Preliminary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hirohito Tsuboi ◽  
Yui Takakura ◽  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Sakae Miyagi ◽  
Keita Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Population

To make the Japanese version of the CESD-R—a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D)—in the assessment of depressive symptoms in a general population. The English version of CESD-R was translated into Japanese, and back-translated into English by three native speakers of Japanese and English; then, we selected the version most completely consistent with the original items. The CESD-R was applied to 398 community-dwelling people (191 men: 48.0%, and 207 women: 52.0%) who were over 40 years old. The Japanese version of the CES-D was also carried out in the same population. Factor analysis was performed. Additionally, the correlations between the CESD-R and CES-D results were identified. The CESD-R scores showed a significantly positive correlation with CES-D scores (r = 0.74, p < 0.0005). Analysis of the CESD-R yielded a Cronbach’s alpha result of 0.90. Factor analysis revealed one principal factor in the CESD-R, whereas the original CES-D had two factors because of reversed items. The Japanese version of the CESD-R appears to have the reliability to be applicable for assessing depressive symptoms in population-based samples. However, because the Japanese expressions for some items might be unusual, our study population was also limited; further studies on other populations and on incorporating improved Japanese terminology will be needed.

753 The role of circadian activity rhythms in depressive symptoms among female nursing students

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A293-A294
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Shih-Yu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Circadian Activity ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Introduction Depression is prevalent among nursing students. Rumination and sleep-wake rhythms are associated to mental illness; however, no clear path has been found. This exploratory study aimed to examine the associations among circadian activity rhythms (CAR), rumination, and depressive symptoms in female nursing students; further, to test a hypothesized CAR conceptual model. Methods A total of 148 female nursing junior students in China completed a battery of questionnaires, including Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Wrist actigraphy was used to collect total sleep time, CAR, and acrophase (time of the peak of the fitted activity curve). The path analysis was explored by using SPSS and AMOS. Results The mean age of the students was 20.64 years (SD = 0.86). About 58.8% of the participants were either mild or moderate depressed. About 93.9% of the students reported significant insomnia symptoms (AIS scores &gt;6). Rumination was measured by the RRS (M= 2.01, SD = 0.54), and students scored higher in brooding than that of reflective pondering (2.07 vs. 1.95). The average of TST was 394.59 minutes (SD = 51.92). The CAR ranged from 0.40 to 0.98, with a mean of 0.75 (SD = 0.11). The acrophase ranged from 12:46 to 20:14 (median 16:30), with a later acrophase indicates of a more delayed circadian phase. The final model shows satisfactory fit (χ2= 2.238, p= .327); a better CAR can indirectly reduce depressive symptoms by directly reducing brooding (B = -1.149) and improving insomnia symptoms (B = -6.6443). Conclusion In order to prevent psychological problems of nursing students, ruminating and CAR should be part of health screening. The novel conceptual model provides a basis for reforming nursing education to prevent psychological problems. Support (if any) Chinese National Natural Science Foundation [71603279]

379 Do Depressive Symptoms Mediate the Association Between Insomnia and Physical Activity?

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A150-A151
Author(s):  
Jamie Walker ◽  
Rebecca Campbell ◽  
Ivan Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Introduction Insomnia and depression are highly comorbid and have been shown to be independently associated with lower levels of physical activity. It is not clear, however, if being less physically active is a risk factor for or consequence of depression and insomnia. The factors that explain the associations between insomnia, depression, and physical activity are likely complex and overlapping. For example, insomnia may predict inactivity by impacting one’s energy levels, leaving them too tired to exercise. Insomnia may also interfere with one’s motivation to exercise due to low mood, as insomnia is associated with the development of depressive symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether depression mediated the link between insomnia and low levels of physical activity. Methods A national online survey was conducted from April-June 2020. Participants completed surveys to assess demographics, mood, sleep, and physical activity. Depressive symptoms were estimated with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Insomnia symptoms were estimated with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Physical activity levels were estimated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Analyses were conducted using multiple linear regression, with separate models for depression, insomnia, and the combination of the two, on levels of physical activity. Results 3,952 adults (Mage = 46.9 years) completed the survey. According to the unadjusted models, greater insomnia symptoms were associated with greater depressive symptoms (b = 0.4523, SE = 0.019593, p &lt; .001), and lower levels of physical activity (b = -38.741, SE = 18.236, p = 0.0337). The relationship between insomnia and physical activity was no longer significant, however, when controlling for depression (b = -6.140, SE = 19.274, p = 0.75). According to the mediation analyses, there was an indirect effect of insomnia on physical activity that was explained by differences in depressive symptoms (Sobel Test = -4.895, SE = 6.518, p &lt; .001). Conclusion Our findings support previous research indicating associations between symptoms of insomnia and depression and physical activity. Future research should examine if these same results hold using a longitudinal design. Support (if any) Vargas: K23HL141581

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document