scholarly journals Predicting frequency of suicide attempts of adolescent outpatients at Weskoppies Hospital using clinical and demographic characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fine ◽  
H C Alison ◽  
D Van der Westhuizen ◽  
C Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of

<p>The prevention of suicide, particularly adolescent suicide, remains one of the biggest challenges in psychiatry.</p><p><strong>Objectives. </strong>To ascertain: (i) clinical and demographic characteristics; and (ii) possible associations between these characteristics and suicide attempt frequency in a selected patient group at Weskoppies Hospital over 4 months.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> Fifty adolescent outpatients aged between 13 and 17 years with a history of one or more suicide attempts were interviewed to obtain demographic and clinical features. Chi square and Fisher’s exact tests assessed associations between these features and suicide attempt frequency. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Of the subjects, 79% were aged between 15 and 17 years; they were predominantly female (62%) and Caucasian (83%). Mainstream and special education schools were equally represented. Three-quarters had reached grades 8 - 10, and 14% lived with both biological parents, 33% in places of safety and 37% with one divorced parent. The minority of caregivers had a history of alcohol abuse and other substance use. Twenty-nine per cent of the subjects had attempted suicide on more than 10 occasions and 23% had made a single attempt. The most common methods were wounding (74%), tablet overdose (34%) and hanging (20%). Psychiatric diagnoses included major depressive disorder (64%), bipolar disorder (38%), alcohol abuse (18%) and other substance abuse (24%). Familial features included depression, substance abuse, antisocial behaviour and suicide. Familial suicidal behaviour included suicide attempts by parents (85%), siblings (36%), aunts and uncles (31%) and cousins (44%). Physical and sexual abuse was reported in 52% of families. Conclusion. Many findings and profiles of other studies were confirmed and point to school and home environments, family psychopathology and psychiatric diagnoses as factors associated with adolescent suicide attempts. Associations between the frequency of suicide attempts and the demographic and clinical characteristics were statistically inconclusive.</p>

Factors Associated with Repeat Suicide Attempts among Adolescents

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqualine Vajda ◽  
Kate Steinbeck
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine potential risk factors associated with repeat suicide attempts among adolescents. Method: Retrospective medical record review of all patients aged 13–20 years who presented to the emergency department at an inner city tertiary hospital after attempted suicide between 1994 and 1996. Subjects were identified using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) codes E950.0 to E959.9 for attempted suicide. Study variables included demographic parameters, chronic medical conditions/illnesses, psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, history of sexual abuse and previous and subsequent suicide attempts. Variables univariately associated with repetition at p < 0.25 were entered into a multiple regression analysis. Results: Eighty seven per cent of patients presented with a drug overdose. Seventy-six per cent of all subjects attempted suicide in the context of a dispute or relationship break-up. At least one psychiatric disorder was present in 76% of subjects at the index attempt. The most frequently diagnosed disorders were depression (45.5%) and drug (34%) and alcohol abuse (27%). Variables predicting repetition within 12 months were drug (OR = 3.891, p = 0.02) and alcohol abuse (OR = 3.56, p = 0.05), non-affective psychotic disorders (OR = 3.81, p = 0.04), and chronic medical conditions/illness (OR = 3.29, p = 0.03). A history of sexual abuse was almost significant (OR = 3.03, p = 0.06). Conclusions: Adolescents most likely to re-attempt suicide with 12 months present with either substance abuse, non-affective psychotic disorders, chronic medical conditions, or a history of sexual abuse. All adolescents with a possible suicide attempt should receive a comprehensive mental health and psychosocial assessment. Closer scrutiny of the role of chronic illnesses and sexual abuse in both future research and clinical management is urged. A broad based, multidisciplinary intervention approach is recommended.

Is suicide predictable? A classification of predictive factors in Iranian women who had multiple suicide attempts

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1642-1642
Author(s):  
T. Seghatoleslam ◽  
H. Habil ◽  
O. Rezaee ◽  
S. Sadr ◽  
R. Emamhadi
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive History ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThe current study aims to test the hypothesis: Is suicide predictable? And try to classify the predictive factors in multiple suicide attempts.MethodA cross-sectional study was administered to 223 multiple attempters, women who came to a medical poison centre after a suicide attempt. The participants were young, poor, and single. A Regression Logistic Test was used to classify the predictive factors of suicide.ResultsWomen who had multiple suicide attempts exhibited a significant tendency to attempt suicide again. They had a history for more than two years of multiple suicide attempts, from three to as many as 18 times, plus mental illnesses such as depression and substance abuse. They also had a positive history of mental illnesses.ConclusionResults indicate that contributing factors for another suicide attempt include previous suicide attempts, mental illness (depression), or a positive history of mental illnesses in the family affecting them at a young age, and substance abuse.

Psychological, Structural, Social and Economic Determinants of Suicide Attempt: Risk Assessment and Decision Making Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110034
Author(s):  
Azam Farmani ◽  
Mojtaba Rahimianbougar ◽  
Yousef Mohammadi ◽  
Hossein Faramarzi ◽  
Siamak Khodarahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
High Level ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

The aim of this research was to conduct a risk assessment and management of psychological, structural, social and economic determinants (PSSED) in a suicide attempt. The sample consisted of 353 individuals who had a recorded history of suicidal attempt; and 20 professional individuals by purposive sampling method within a descriptive cross-sectional design. Worksheets for RAM and AHP were used for data collection in this study. The rate of suicide attempt was 7.21 per 100,000 population in this study. Analysis showed that depression and mental disorders; personality disorders; family problems; socio-cultural and economic problems; lack of awareness; and low level of education have a high level of risk for suicide attempts. Psychiatric and psychological services; awareness and knowledge of life skills; medical services to dysfunctional families; development of community-based planning for PSSED of suicide; and employment and entrepreneurship services may lower suicide attempt risk.

scholarly journals Lifetime prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury in patients with eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cucchi ◽  
D. Ryan ◽  
G. Konstantakopoulos ◽  
S. Stroumpa ◽  
A. Ş. Kaçar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundAgainst a backdrop of increasing research, clinical and taxonomic attention in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), evidence suggests a link between NSSI and eating disorders (ED). The frequency estimates of NSSI in ED vary widely. Little is known about the sources of this variation, and no meta-analysis has quantified the association between ED and NSSI.MethodUsing random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression analyses, and 1816–6466 unique participants with various ED, we estimated the weighted average percentage of individuals with ED, those with anorexia nervosa (AN) and those with bulimia nervosa (BN) who are reported to have a lifetime history of NSSI across studies. We further examined predictors of NSSI in ED.ResultsThe weighted average percentage of patients with a lifetime history of NSSI was 27.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 23.8–31.0%] for ED, 21.8% (95% CI 18.5–25.6%) for AN, and 32.7% (95% CI 26.9–39.1%) for BN. The difference between BN and AN was statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% CI 1.14–2.77, p = 0.013]. The odds of NSSI increased by 24% for every 10% increase in the percentage of participants with histories of suicide attempts (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04–1.48, p = 0.020) and decreased by 26% for every 10% increase in the percentage of participants with histories of substance abuse (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.95, p = 0.023).ConclusionsIn the specific context of ED, NSSI is highly prevalent and correlates positively with attempted suicide, urging for NSSI-focused treatments. A novel finding is that NSSI is potentially antagonized by substance abuse.

Suicide attempts preceding completed suicide

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki T. Isometsä ◽  
Jouko K. Lönnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThis study investigated three questions with major implications for suicide prevention: the sensitivity of the history of previous suicide attempt(s) as an indicator of suicide risk, the time interval from a preceding suicide attempt to the fatal one, and switching of suicide methods by those eventually completing suicide.MethodThe lifetime history of suicide attempts and the methods the victims (n=1397) used were examined in a nationwide psychological autopsy study comprising all suicides in Finland within a 12-month research period in 1987–1988.ResultsOverall, 56% of suicide victims were found to have died at their first suicide attempt, more males (62%) than females (38%). In 19% of males and 39% of females the victim had made a non-fatal attempt during the final year. Of the victims with previous attempts, 82% had used at least two different methods in their suicide attempts (the fatal included).ConclusionsMost male and a substantial proportion of female suicides die in their first suicide attempt, a fact that necessitates early recognition of suicide risk, particularly among males. Recognition of periods of high suicide risk on the grounds of recent non-fatal suicide attempts is likely to be important for suicide prevention among females. Subjects completing suicide commonly switch from one suicide method to another, a finding that weakens but does not negate the credibility of restrictions on the availability of lethal methods as a preventive measure.

scholarly journals Suicidality In Individuals With Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Review of Registry Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analise Peleggi ◽  
Jessica Bohonowych ◽  
Theresa Strong ◽  
Lauren Schwartz ◽  
Soo-Jeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Behavioral Challenges ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Social Skills Deficits

Abstract BACKGROUND: Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with hyperphagia and early onset obesity, growth and sex hormone insufficiencies, mild-to-moderate intellectual disability, and behavioral challenges such as compulsivity, anxiety, skin picking, social skills deficits and temper outbursts. Given high rates of psychiatric comorbidity and potential risk factors for suicide in PWS, this study sought a first estimate of the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) and attempts (SA) in the PWS population and any characteristics associated with suicidality in this population. METHODS: Using the Global Prader-Willi Syndrome Registry, we included all participants who had answered a question about SI. We examined the most recent data from the surveys about social, economic, and demographic factors, genetic subtype, and psychiatric symptoms and treatments. A chi-square analysis was used to compare registry participants who reported SI to those without reported SI. RESULTS: From 750 included survey respondents, 94 (12.5%) endorsed some history of SI. Of these, 25 (26.6%) also reported a history of SA, with an average age of 16.25 years at their first attempt. Those with a history of SI were predominantly male and adult age, and had higher rates of aggression and psychiatric comorbidities, therapies, and medications. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the rate of SI and SA in PWS is comparable to the general population, and that suicide attempts in PWS typically begin in middle-teenage years. Despite unique challenges, individuals with PWS and their caregivers should be included in screens and psychoeducation for suicide and mental health concerns.

scholarly journals 109 Near-fatal suicide attempts among Canadian Youth: A CPSP Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e45-e45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mitchell ◽  
Cornelius Ani ◽  
James Irvine ◽  
Claude Cyr ◽  
Ari Joffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death among Canadian adolescents. Youth who make near fatal suicide attempts, such as those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) level care, are the closest proxy to those that die by suicide; however, there is limited data on this group. Objectives To evaluate the minimum incidence rate and patterns of presentation of youth (under 18 years of age) admitted to the ICU for medically serious self-inflicted injury. Design/Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, over 2,700 paediatricians/subspecialist members of the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program were electronically surveyed on a monthly basis regarding cases of medically serious self-harm. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire about the reported case and descriptive statistics were used for analyses. Results Ninety-four cases (71 female; mean age 15.2 years) of confirmed (n=87) and suspected/probable (n=7) medically serious self-harm were reported. The majority (87%) of cases were reported from 4 out of 13 provinces and territories in Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec). There were 11 deaths by suicide (M&gt;F; p&lt;.05). Medication ingestion was the most common method of self-harm among females (76% F vs. 52% M; p=.03) compared with hanging among males (14% F vs. 39% M; p=.009). More females than males had a prior suicide attempt (62% F vs. 32% M; p=.07) and a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) (65% F vs. 14% M; p&lt;.05), although only history of NSSI reached significance. More females than males had a past psychiatric diagnosis (77% F vs. 55% M; p=.05), and past use of mental health services (69% F vs. 30% M; p&lt;.001), although only service use reached significance. Half of the youth left evidence of intent (54%) and 33% of parents of included youth were aware that their child was considering suicide. Family conflict was the most common precipitating factor for suicide attempt in both females and males (46%). Conclusion These Canadian findings are consistent with international epidemiologic data that observe a gender paradox of higher rates of suicide attempts in females and greater mental health care engagement but increased suicide mortality in males with decreased involvement with mental health care. This study suggests that family conflict is a potential target for suicide prevention interventions among youth. Future research focusing on gender-specificity in risk factor identification and effectiveness of primary prevention interventions among youth is warranted.

Increased risk of attempted suicide in Australian veterans is associated with total and permanent incapacitation, unemployment and posttraumatic stress disorder severity

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn Kerr ◽  
Madeline Romaniuk ◽  
Sarah McLeay ◽  
Andrew Khoo ◽  
Michael T Dent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Military veterans have higher rates of suicidality and completed suicides compared to the general population. Previous research has demonstrated suicidal behaviour is higher in US combat veterans who are younger, suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety and score lower on measures of health. However, research on predictors of suicide for Australian veterans is limited. The aim of this study was to identify significant demographic and psychological differences between veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder who had attempted suicide and those with posttraumatic stress disorder who had not, as well as determine predictors of suicide attempts within an Australian cohort. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 229 ex-service personnel diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder who had attended a Military Service Trauma Recovery Day Program as outpatients at Toowong Private Hospital from 2007 to 2014. Patients completed a battery of mental health self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, anger, depression, anxiety and quality of life. Demographic information and self-reported history of suicide attempts were also recorded. Results: Results indicated the average age was significantly lower, and the rates of posttraumatic stress disorder, anger, anxiety and depression symptoms were significantly higher in those veterans with history of a suicide attempt. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity, unemployment or total and permanent incapacity pension status significantly predicted suicide attempt history. Conclusion: Among a cohort of Australian veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder, psychopathology severity, unemployment and total and permanent incapacity status are significantly associated with suicidality. This study highlights the importance of early identification of posttraumatic stress disorder and psychopathology, therapeutic and social engagement, and prioritisation of tangible employment options or meaningful and goal-directed activities for veterans deemed unable to work.

Child and Young Adolescent Suicide in New Zealand

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette L Beautrais
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Young Adolescent ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Mortality Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children And Young Adolescents

Objective: To describe the epidemiology and characteristics of all suicide deaths among under 15-year-olds in New Zealand over a 10-year period. Method: In a 10-year retrospective study the features of all 61 children and young adolescents aged less than 15 years who died by suicide in New Zealand from 1989 to 1998 were examined by review of coronial files. Results: Suicide among under 15-year-olds is very rare but increasing. Suicide risk increases with age: the majority of those who die are aged 14 years (57.4% of the total) or 13 years (26.2%). Boys (72.1%) and Maori (57.4%) predominate. Most suicides occurred in children not living in intact biological families (67.2%). Hanging was the predominant method (78.7%). One in three children left suicide notes. One in four had a history of contact with social welfare authorities. There was a family history of suicide in 10% of cases. A minority had a documented history of prior suicide attempts (13.1%) or mental health problems (23%). One in four (23%) was reported to have made threats of suicide within the year prior to their death. A majority of deaths appeared to have been precipitated by relatively minor family arguments or disciplinary events, which, however, occurred in the context of actual or anticipated disruptions or transitions in family living arrangements or school circumstances, or severe family problems. Conclusions: In general, the impression of young adolescent suicide was of a disadvantaged, vulnerable and distressed group of adolescents growing up in extremely difficult circumstances. Maori children predominate in this group. There is clearly a need to verify these impressions with an in-depth investigation of the familial and social circumstances of children who die by suicide. Such investigations might best be conducted by annual mortality review and monitoring of all young adolescent suicides.

scholarly journals Alcohol Abuse and Suicide Attempt in Iran: A Case-Crossover Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Ghanbari ◽  
Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽  
Marzieh Nojomi ◽  
Diego De Leo ◽  
Khalid Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Proximal Risk Factor ◽  
Crossover Method

<p>Alcohol use and its disorders are associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviors Research has shown that 6-8% of those who use alcohol have a history of suicide attempt. Given the prohibition of alcohol use legally, the increased alcohol consumption, and the lack of strong evidence in favor of its use associated with suicide in Iran, this study was conducted to determine the link between suicide attempt and alcohol abuse. The case-crossover method was used in this research. Out of 305 referrals to the emergency room due to a suicide attempt, 100 reported drinking alcohol up to six hours before their attempt. Paired Matching and Usual Frequency were employed to analyze the data with STATA 12.0. The probability of attempting suicide up to six hours after drinking alcohol appeared increased by 27 times (95% CI: 8.1-60.4). Separate analysis for each of these hours from the first to the sixth hour after alcohol use was also performed. Fifty percent of attempted suicides happened one hour after alcohol use. Relative risk for the first and second hour was 10% and 5% respectively. Alcohol use is a strong proximal risk factor for attempted suicide among Iranian subjects. Prevention of alcohol use should be considered in setting up of the national Suicide attempt prevention program.<strong></strong></p>

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