scholarly journals Nifedipine-induced gingival enlargement: Correlation with dose and oral hygiene

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
ParamelMohan Sunil ◽  
JaiSanghar Nalluswami ◽  
SumanJai Sanghar ◽  
Issac Joseph
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anushi Mahajan ◽  
Ritesh Sood

Aim: The purpose of this article is to report a case of drug induced gingival enlargement due to oral contraceptives, managed by nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Background: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth remains the most widespread unwanted effect of systemic medication on the periodontal tissues. Hormones are specific regulatory molecules that modulate a host of body functions. Oral contraceptives that contain estrogen and/or progesterone are associated with gingival enlargement. Report: A 32-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling of the gingiva with spontaneous bleeding in the mandibular anterior region for a period of two years. The health history documented the use of contraceptives for two years, and a clinical examination revealed the existence of poor oral hygiene and enlarged painful gingival tissues that bled when touched. Summary: Females on oral contraceptives can be considered as a “risk group” for periodontal diseases. Not all females on oral contraceptives respond in similar way. Plaque control is the most important procedure in periodontal therapy. Although the initial picture presented the possibility of surgical intervention, the clinical problems were resolved with non-surgical treatment. Another factor contributing to response to therapy is patient compliance. The patient followed home care instructions well and was effective in personal oral hygiene measures. Keywords: Gingival enlargement, Sex hormones, Oral contraceptives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namala A ◽  
◽  
Halerolli D ◽  
Poonja PA ◽  
Rao PK ◽  
...  

Alteration in size of gingiva is one of the clinical features of periodontal disease. Increase in size of gingiva, which is termed as gingival enlargement or gingival over growth is a common clinical sign of gingival disease and a matter of great clinical concern. Increase in size alters the physiologic contour of gingiva, creates areas of plaque accumulation, intereferes with regular oral hygiene procedures, and creates aesthetic problems. In severe cases, it interefere with mastication and phonation. Enlargement may involve one or more components of gingiva. Depending on the involvement of components of gingiva and distribution, gingival enlargement can be Localized, genaralized and marginal, papillary, diffuse and discrete. Depending on etiology and pathogenesis, it can be classified as inflammatory enlargement, fibrotic enlargement, combined enlargement, enlargement associated with systemic conditions, neoplastic enlargement and false enlargements.


Author(s):  
Junima Rajkarnikar ◽  
Bikash Veer Shrestha ◽  
Santhosh Kumar

Increase in size of the gingiva is termed as gingival enlargement. Most common type of gingival enlargement is inflammatory, which his caused due to plaque accumulation and improper oral hygiene maintenance. Orthodontic therapy can often lead to failure to improve oral hygiene. This case describes a recurrent, progressive gingival enlargement of a 19 year old female orthodontic patient in which gingivectomy was performed and repeated, which subsequently failed. Hence modified Widman’s flap was performed with medical supplements. Periodic periodontal check up is required in orthodontic cases to control the gingival inflammation. Patient compliance is also very important in such cases. There should be proper co-operation between the Orthodontist and Periodontist for successful treatment of gingival hyperplasia. Patients with such conditions should be carefully monitored and checked to avoid the recurrence and avoid further progression into chronic periodontitis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Nunung Rusminah ◽  
Zavani Nur Hikmah ◽  
Fahmi Oscandar

Pendahuluan: gingival enlargement umumnya terjadi akibat inflamasi kronis yang disebabkan oleh faktor lokal, seperti induksi plak pada gingiva dan faktor sistemik seperti  pengaruh hormon dan obat-obatan sistemik tertentu. Hidrosefalus merupakan kondisi yang diakibatkan adanya volume cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) berlebih yang tidak terserap sempurna, dalam jumlah yang sangat tinggi pada ventrikel di otak dan terkadang juga terdapat di ruang subarachnoid, yang menyebabkan terjadinya dilatasi ventrikel secara progresif. Kondisi ini menghasilkan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial dan sering merusak jaringan di sekitarnya. Pasien hidrosefalus menunjukkan pembesaran kepala dan mengalami keterlambatan pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian laporan kasus ini adalah menjelaskan keberhasilan terapi fase inisial perawatan periodontal pada gingival enlargement pasien anak dengan hidrosefalus. Laporan kasus: Pasien hidrosefalus laki-laki berusia 12 tahun, mengalami pembesaran gingiva pada rahang atas, sering berdarah pada saat tersentuh sikat gigi ataupun terkena sentuhan lainnya, terjadi kurang lebih sejak dua bulan yang lalu, pasien tidak mengonsumsi obat-obatan secara sistemik. Hasil pemeriksaan klinis dan radiologis dapat ditegakkan diagnosis inflammatory gingival enlargement rahang atas disertai periodontitis kronis gigi 27, dengan diagnosis banding periodontitis kronis. Gingival enlargement merupakan faktor predisposing pembentukan plak. Gingival enlargement pada pasien ini dirawat dengan terapi inisial yaitu Oral hygiene Instruction (OHI), scaling, root planing, dan kontrol. Simpulan: Terapi fase inisial periodontal berupa OHI, scaling, root planing, dan kontrol, berhasil menghilangkan gingival enlargement pada pasien anak dengan hidrosefalus.Kata kunci: Gingival enlargement, hidrosefalus, perawatan inisial periodontal. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Gingival enlargement generally occurs due to chronic inflammation caused by local factors, such as plaque induction on the gingiva and systemic factors such as hormonal influences and certain systemic drugs. Hydrocephalus is a condition that results from the incompletely absorbed excess volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with very high amounts in the ventricles in the brain and sometimes also in the subarachnoid space, leading to progressive dilation of the ventricles. This condition results in increased intracranial pressure and often damages surrounding tissue. Hydrocephalus patients show head enlargement and growth delay. This case report was aimed to describe the success of the initial phase of periodontal therapy in gingival enlargement of paediatric patients with hydrocephalus. Case report: A 12-year-old male hydrocephalus patient, had enlarged maxillary gingiva, often bled when touched by a toothbrush or when exposed to other touches, occurred for about two months prior, and the patient did not take any medication systemically. The clinical and radiological examination results can confirm the diagnosis of inflammatory maxillary gingival enlargement with chronic periodontitis in tooth #27, with a differential diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. Gingival enlargement is a predisposing factor for plaque formation. Gingival enlargement in this patient was treated with initial therapy, namely oral hygiene instruction (OHI), scaling, root planing, and control. Conclusion: The initial periodontal therapy phase in the form of OHI, scaling, root planing, and control, succeeded in eliminating gingival enlargement in paediatric patients with hydrocephalus.Keywords: Gingival enlargement, hydrocephalus, initial periodontal therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hanan Oubenyahya ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Fiqhi

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is a rare benign oral disorder characterized by non-hemorrhagic, gradually progressive fibrous gingival enlargement. This overgrowth can be so severe that it can impact both maxillaries, on lingual and buccal sides, sometimes completely covering the crowns. This condition can begin during primary dentition and continue throughout adulthood, setting up a cascade of stomatognathic and psychological negative effects. Herewith, we report a case of a non-syndromic 14 year old female who presented with generalized severe gingival enlargement involving both arches and subsequently diagnosed as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. The chief complaints were unaesthetic appearance and lack of eruption. The excess tissue was surgically removed under general anesthesia, using electrosugery. The patient was issued regular follow-ups to ensure proper oral hygiene and periodontal controls. Awareness of this condition is of utmost importance for early diagnosis and to prevent further complications spilling into adult age.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Soroye Modupeoluwa Omotunde ◽  
Sorunke Modupeore Ekua

Background: Gingival overgrowth may be idiopathic or secondary. Drug Induced Gingival Overgrowth (DIGO) occurs within 3 months of treatment and is more prevalent in younger age group with predilection for the anterior gingival tissue and usually not associated with attachment loss or tooth mobility unless there is an existing periodontal disease. Methodology: 170 hypertensive patients were recruited for the study; 85 calcium channel blocker (CCB) and 85 non-CCB users. Interviewer-administered questionnaires was used to obtain socio-demographic information as well as medical and drug history. GO was assessed using New Clinical Index for DIGO and data was analyzed with SPSS version 21 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Continuous and nominal variables were described with means, standard deviations and frequencies. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Amlodipine was the most commonly used CCB. The prevalence of DIGO in CCB and non-CCB was the same (49.5%). Gingival enlargement was found equally among both sexes in the CCB and non-CCB groups. A third of the participants with GO were 70 years and above while those without were majorly in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Two-third of those with DIGO had fair oral hygiene status, two-fifth had gingival bleeding and three-fifth had mild gingival inflammation. Those without DIGO in both groups had a slight female predominance and majorly good oral hygiene. Associated factors with DIGO were female sex, 60-69 age group, 10mg drug dosage, been on medication less than 10 years, mild gingival inflammation and generalized gingivitis. Conclusion: There was no difference in the prevalence of DIGO between BBC and non-BBC users. However, there was mild gingival inflammation in all participants with DIGO and amlodipine users were three times more at risk of developing DIGO than nifedipine users. Thus, it is imperative to advise the hypertensives on the importance of maintaining adequate oral hygiene measures and incorporate periodontal care in their management so as to ameliorate the side effects of their medication.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Rohit B. Gadda ◽  
Ankush Agrawal ◽  
Santosh Kumar SN ◽  
Tushar Manohar Rothe

Introduction: Myiasis (Greek: myi = fly) refers to infestation of living tissues of humans and animals by Dipterous eggs or larvae. Incidence of oral myiasis is comparatively lesser than that of cutaneous myiasis. We report a rare case of oral myiasis of anterior maxilla associated with drug induced gingival enlargement. Observation: We report a rare case of oral myiasis of anterior maxilla with amlodipine induced gingival enlargement in a sixty-two-year-old male with history of hypertension, hemiplegia and diabetes mellitus. Patient was mouth breather and presented with poor oral hygiene. Generalized gingival hyperplasia was observed. Multiple maggots were observed in the ulcerated areas on maxillary anterior alveolus. The maggots were mechanically removed with curettage after application of turpentine oil. Cleaning and debridement of the wound was done. After one month follow-up there was complete healing of the lesion. Maintenance of oral hygiene and gingivectomy as indicated was planned for this patient. Conclusion: Clinical significance of presented case is its rarity of association with drug induced gingival hyperplasia and typical presence of multiple predisposing factors. This case report provides interesting information about predisposing factors, clinical features and management of oral myiasis that could help clinicians in the diagnosis and management of this condition.


2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sumanth ◽  
K. Mahalinga Bhat ◽  
G. Subraya Bhat

Abstract Aim The purpose of this article is to report a case of conditioned gingival enlargement managed by nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Background Hormones are specific regulatory molecules that modulate a host of body functions. Hormonal effects reflect physiologic and pathologic changes in almost all tissues of the body with the periodontium being no exception. Physiologic changes like puberty, the menstrual cycle, and pregnancy cause hormonal variations that may cause inflammation of the gingiva. Oral contraceptives that contain estrogen and/or progesterone are associated with gingival enlargement. Report A 28-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling of the gingiva with spontaneous bleeding in the maxillary anterior region for a period of one year. The health history documented the use of contraceptives for one year, and a clinical examination revealed the existence of poor oral hygiene and englarged painful gingival tissues that bled when touched. Summary This case reaffirms the fact plaque control is the most important procedure in any periodontal therapy. Another factor contributing to the excellent response to therapy is patient compliance. The patient followed home care instructions well and was effective in personal oral hygiene measures. Citation Sumanth S, Bhat KM, Bhat GS. Clinical Management of an Unusual Case of Gingival Enlargement. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:088-094.


2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini Anggraeni ◽  
Isnaniyah Malik ◽  
Ina Hendiani

The aim of this study was to get the description of gingival condition and oral hygiene in patients with the fixed orthodontic appliance at Orthodontics Specialist Clinic of Oral and Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran (RSGM FKG UNPAD) Bandung. This descriptive study with a survey method included 30 patients with fixed orthodontic appliances consist of 8 male and 22 females. The sample collected by purposive sampling. The data was collected based on filling questioner forms and clinical examination with an assessed degree of gingival enlargement by Carranza assessed Gingival Index by Loe and Silness, measured pocket depth, and assessed Plaque Index by Silness and Loe. The result showed that 90% of samples had gingival enlargement with variants of gingival enlargement degree from grade 1, 2, 3 and mostly present in the posterior area. Prevalence of gingivitis was 100% divided into 76.67% suffering mild gingivitis and 23.33% suffering moderate gingivitis. In an examination of pocket depth, 6.67% had 1.1-2 mm of pocket depth; 70% had 2.1-3 mm of pocket depth, and 23.33% had 3.1-4 mm. In an examination of oral hygiene, 43.33% had good oral hygiene; 46.67% had moderate oral hygiene, and 10% had poor oral hygiene. The conclusion of this research was the orthodontics wearer suffering from gingival enlargement and mild gingivitis.


Author(s):  
Benju Shrestha ◽  
Krishna Prasad Lamichhane ◽  
Shaili Pradhan ◽  
Ranjita Shrestha Gorkhali ◽  
Pramod Kumar Koirala

Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, used with increasing frequency as antihypertensive and anti-angina drug has been found associated with gingival enlargement. It causes unesthetic appearance and formation of new niches for periodonto-pathogenic bacteria. If severe, it causes difficulty in mastication, speech and oral hygiene maintenance. Its treatment is still largely limited to meticulous oral hygiene maintenance, drug substitution, professional scaling and root planning and surgical excision of enlarged gingival tissue. There are very few reports of amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement at a dose of 5 mg. This case report discusses amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement and its management.


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