scholarly journals Multiple oral ulcers leading to diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vezhavendhan Nagaraj ◽  
Shanthi Sashykumar ◽  
Stalin Viswanathan ◽  
Sathish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Oral Ulcers ◽  
Sputum Microscopy ◽  
Caseation Necrosis ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

ABSTRACTWe report a 47 year old man who presented with painful non-healing tongue ulcers of 3 months duration.Examination revealed an additional buccal ulcer that he was unaware of. Histopathology of the ulcers showed caseation necrosis. Following this report, chest radiography and sputum microscopy performed revealed pulmonary tuberculosis. From this case-study, one should be aware of coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with chronic non-healing oral ulcers, both for diagnosis as well as prevention of transmission through respiratory droplets.

The Potential for Transmission of Coronaviruses via Sports Equipment; A Cricket Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory England ◽  
Nicholas Peirce ◽  
Joseph Torresi ◽  
Sean Mitchell ◽  
Andy Harland
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Airborne Transmission ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Transmission Pathways ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

AbstractA review of literature on the role of fomites in transmission of coronaviruses informed the development of a framework which was used to qualitatively analyse a cricket case study, where equipment is shared and passed around, and identify potential mitigation strategies. A range of pathways were identified that might in theory allow coronavirus transmission from an infected person to a non-infected person via communal or personal equipment fomites or both. Eighteen percent of potential fomite based interactions were found to be non-essential to play including all contact with another persons equipment. Six opportunities to interrupt the transmission pathway were identified, including the recommendation to screen participants for symptoms prior to play. Social distancing between participants and avoiding unnecessary surface contact provides two opportunities; firstly to avoid equipment exposure to infected respiratory droplets and secondly to avoid uninfected participants touching potential fomites. Hand sanitisation and equipment sanitisation provide two further opportunities by directly inactivating coronavirus. Preventing players from touching their mucosal membranes with their hands represents the sixth potential interruption. Whilst potential fomite transmission pathways were identified, evidence suggests that viral load will be substantially reduced during surface transfer. Mitigation strategies could further reduce potential fomites, suggesting that by comparison, direct airborne transmission presents the greater risk in cricket.

Penerapan Fisioterapi Dada dan Batuk Efektif Terhadap Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas Pada Pasien Tuberculosis Paru

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1706-1712
Author(s):  
Melinia Febriyani ◽  
Firman Faradisi ◽  
Nuniek Nizmah Fajriyah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Chest Physiotherapy ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Airway Clearance ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
The Subject

AbstractPulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial infection by the bacillus Myobacterium tuberculosis. This disease causes the patient to cough with phlegm or coghing up blood, shortness of breath, chest pain, night sweats and decreased appetite. The purpose of this scientific paper is ti describe nursing care for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with ineffective airway clearance problems. This research uses a descriptive case study method with the subject of two pulmonary tuberculosis patients who experience ineffective airway clearance problems in Pelutan Pemalang Village. The chest physiotherapy and effetive coughing actions were carried out for three days, twice a day, morning and evening. The results showed that the effective chest physiotherapy and coughing were able to overcome the ineffectiveness of airway clearance. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effective chest and cough physiotherapy is considered effective against ineffective airway clearance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. For this reason, nurses are expected to be able to provide effective chest and cough physiotherapy therapy to help overcome the ineffectiveness of airway clearance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Keywords: Effective Cough and Chest Physiotherapy, Ineffective Airway Clearing AbstrakTuberculosis paru merupakan penyakit infeksi bakteri menahun yang disebabkan oleh basil myobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini menyebabkan pasien batuk disertai dahak atau batuk berdarah, sesak nafas, nyeri pada daerah dada, keringat pada malam hari dan penurunan nafsu makan. Tujuan dari Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien tuberculosis paru dengan masalah ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas. Rancangan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan subjek dua pasien tuberculosis paru yang mengalami masalah ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas di Kelurahan Pelutan Pemalang, dilakukan tindakan fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif dilakukan selama tiga hari dikerjakan dua kali sehari pagi dan sore. Hasil pemberian fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif berhasil mampu mengatasi ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas. Kesimpulan : fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif dinilai efektif terhadap ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas pada pasien tuberculosis paru. Untuk itu diharapkan perawat dapat memberikan terapi fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif untuk membantu mengatasi ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas pada pasien tuberculosis paru.Kata kunci: Fisioterapi Dada dan Batuk Efektif, Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas

Citric acid treatment of oral ulcers refractory to conventional treatment: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-463
Author(s):  
Nawab Jamadar ◽  
Basavraj Nagoba ◽  
Milind Davane ◽  
Ahtesham Ahmed ◽  
Arshiya Tangsal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Topical Agent ◽  
Oral Ulcers

Objective: Oral ulcers are painful sores that appear in the mouth. Most of them are usually harmless and clear up on their own. Sometimes, they are non-responsive and difficult to manage. This report describes the case of an 80-year-old female patient with chronic oral ulcers of three years duration and which were refractory to conventional therapy. The ulcers were subsequently treated using 3% citric acid as a sole topical agent, applied three times a day that resulted in complete healing of oral ulcers by day 10 of treatment. The findings of this case report suggest that topical citric acid is a possible alternative treatment for chronic oral ulcers unresponsive to conventional treatment.

scholarly journals Randomized Dose-Ranging Study of the 14-Day Early Bactericidal Activity of Bedaquiline (TMC207) in Patients with Sputum Microscopy Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 2199-2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas H. Diacon ◽  
Rodney Dawson ◽  
Florian Von Groote-Bidlingmaier ◽  
Gregory Symons ◽  
Amour Venter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sputum Microscopy ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Dose Ranging ◽  
Safety Considerations ◽  
Double Blinded

ABSTRACTBedaquiline is a new antituberculosis agent targeting ATP synthase. This randomized, double-blinded study enrolling 68 sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients evaluated the 14-day early bactericidal activity of daily doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg bedaquiline, preceded by loading doses of 200 mg, 400 mg, 500 mg, and 700 mg, respectively, on the first treatment day and 100 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg, and 500 mg on the second treatment day. All groups showed activity with a mean (standard deviation) daily fall in log10CFU over 14 days of 0.040 (0.068), 0.056 (0.051), 0.077 (0.064), and 0.104 (0.077) in the 100-mg, 200-mg, 300-mg, and 400-mg groups, respectively. The linear trend for dose was significant (P= 0.001), and activity in the 400-mg dose group was greater than that in the 100-mg group (P= 0.014). All of the bedaquiline groups showed significant bactericidal activity that was continued to the end of the 14-day evaluation period. The finding of a linear trend for dose suggests that the highest dose compatible with safety considerations should be taken forward to longer-term clinical studies.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Test Accuracy in Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Bayesian Latent Class Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 690-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Schumacher ◽  
Maarten van Smeden ◽  
Nandini Dendukuri ◽  
Lawrence Joseph ◽  
Mark P. Nicol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment ◽  
Bayesian Latent Class Analysis

AbstractEvaluation of tests for the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (CPTB) is complicated by the absence of an accurate reference test. We present a Bayesian latent class analysis in which we evaluated the accuracy of 5 diagnostic tests for CPTB. We used data from a study of 749 hospitalized South African children suspected to have CPTB from 2009 to 2014. The following tests were used: mycobacterial culture, smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Inc.), tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest radiography. We estimated the prevalence of CPTB to be 27% (95% credible interval (CrI): 21, 35). The sensitivities of culture, Xpert, and smear microscopy were estimated to be 60% (95% CrI: 46, 76), 49% (95% CrI: 38, 62), and 22% (95% CrI: 16, 30), respectively; specificities of these tests were estimated in accordance with prior information and were close to 100%. Chest radiography was estimated to have a sensitivity of 64% (95% CrI: 55, 73) and a specificity of 78% (95% CrI: 73, 83). Sensitivity of the TST was estimated to be 75% (95% CrI: 61, 84), and it decreased substantially among children who were malnourished and infected with human immunodeficiency virus (56%). The specificity of the TST was 69% (95% CrI: 63%, 76%). Furthermore, it was estimated that 46% (95% CrI: 42, 49) of CPTB-negative cases and 93% (95% CrI: 82; 98) of CPTB-positive cases received antituberculosis treatment, which indicates substantial overtreatment and limited undertreatment.

scholarly journals Adjunct therapy of Jivantyadi Ghrita with Anti Tubercular drugs in Rajyakshama (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) – A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandkishor Bhaurao Kale
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adjunct Therapy ◽  
Significant Clinical Improvement ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
Present Case Study

Rajyakshma is oldest disease known to mankind as its first reference found in oldest literature Rugveda. It is called as King of Diseases, which indicates its severity. Tuberculosis remains major public health problem not only in India but also in world. According to WHO one third of global population is suffering from tuberculosis. Anti-tubercular therapy is long lasting and has many side effects, so it is necessary to develop adjunct therapy which will minimize the hazards and help patient to improve the immune status. Aims and objective – To evaluate the toxicity reduction and early restoration by adjunct therapy of Jivantyadi Ghrit.  Methodology - In the present case study DOTs therapy in the dose of 3 tablets once per day was given as an adjunct with Jivantyadi Ghrit 10 ml BD per day was administered for a period of 6 months in the diagnosed case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Assessment was recorded. Results – WBC count and ESR rate reduced to normal, Haemoglobin level increased, SGPT and Sr. Bilurubin level remains normal. Also significant resolution of lung Koch’s lesions was noted radiologically. Conclusion - Jivantyadi Ghrit as an adjunct therapy with DOTs reduces the side effects (especially hepatic) of DOTs therapy and also shows significant clinical improvement in sign and symptoms of PTB.

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