scholarly journals Cortical Piezo-Puncture as a Minimally Invasive Method for Reducing MiniScrew Implant Insertion Torque: A Preliminary in vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Gomez ◽  
Lisbetd Giraldo ◽  
Daniela Montoya ◽  
Miguel Urrea
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Miniscrew Implants ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Intact Bone ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Miniscrew Implant ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cortical piezo-puncture (CPP) on maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), and maximum axial load (MAL) during the insertion of self-drilling miniscrew implants (MSI), in an experimental model with proximal epiphysis of bovine tibia. Materials and Methods A comparative study was conducted using two groups of 20 self-drilling MSI inserted in intact bone (control group) and in bone with previous CPP (experimental group). MIT, MRT, and MAL of the 20 mini implants of each group were measured. Using SPSS software, Student’s t-test was applied to compare MIT and MRT and the U-test Mann–Whitney test was applied to compare MAL in both groups as well as Pearson and Spearman correlation. Results In the experimental group, average values of 12.85 (±4,32) Newton x centimeters (Ncm), 13.7 (±4,54) Ncm, and 22,474 (±895,95) gF for MIT, MRT, and MAL were found, respectively. In the control group, average values found for MIT, MRT, and MAL were 20.2 (±4,7) Ncm, 22.3 (±5,17) Ncm, and 4688,7 (±320,18) gF, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in MIT, MRT, and MAL between control and experimental groups (P < 0,001). Conclusions CPP before insertion of orthodontic MSI in bovine tibia significantly reduces MIT, MRT, and MAL.

scholarly journals In vitro study of human osteoblast proliferation and morphology on orthodontic mini-implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Carvalho Bueno ◽  
Roberta Tarkany Basting
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Anchorage ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the proliferation and morphology of human osteoblasts cultured on two brands of mini-implants after 24, 48, and 72 hours, in addition to the chemical composition found on their surface. Materials and Methods:  Two brands of mini-implant (Morelli and Neodent) were evaluated; polystyrene was used as a control group (n  =  3). Osteoblasts were cultured on the surface of sterilized mini-implants in a CO2 incubator at different time periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Osteoblast proliferation was quantified by scanning electron microscopy using up to 5000× magnification, and cell morphology was analyzed by a single observer. For the chemical analysis, spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence was used to identify and quantify chemical components on the surface of the mini-implants. Results:  Two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between the factors studied (P  =  0.686). A Tukey test revealed no significant difference in osteoblast proliferation between the mini-implants at all studied periods; however, a difference in cell proliferation was detected between the Neodent and the control group (P  =  .025). For all groups, time had a direct and positive effect on osteoblast proliferation (P &lt; .001). The significant elements present in both brands of mini-implants were titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron. Conclusions:  Osteoblast proliferation was present on the mini-implants studied, which increased over time; however, no significant difference between brands was observed. No difference was seen between the mini-implants evaluated in terms of chemical composition. Cell adhesion after 72 hours suggests that areas of bone remodeling can be achieved, thus initiating the process of mini-implant anchorage.

scholarly journals Effects of a newly designed apparatus on orthodontic skeletal anchorage

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S083-S088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Tozlu ◽  
Didem Nalbantgil ◽  
Fulya Ozdemir
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque

ABSTRACT Objective: An appliance was designed to increase the cortical bone surface contact area of miniscrew implants (MSIs). The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of this appliance on the anchorage force resistance and the stability of orthodontic MSIs. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 MSIs were placed into bone specimens prepared from the ilium of bovines. Half were placed with the newly designed apparatus and half were placed conventionally. All the specimens were subjected to tangential force loading perpendicular to the MSI with lateral displacement of 0.6 mm, using an Instron Universal Testing machine. The maximum removal torque of each tested specimen was also recorded. Both study and control groups were divided into two subgroups based on whether they had thin and thick cortical bone. Results: The test group had statistically higher force anchorage resistance and maximum insertion torque values than the control group (p < 0.001). The results were found to be more significant in cases in which the cortical bone was thin (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Within the limits of this in vitro study, the present findings suggest that the newly designed apparatus might have a favorable effect on MSI stability in patients presenting with thin cortical bone. Clinical studies are necessary to confirm the results that were observed in vitro.

Does Addition of Propolis to Glass Ionomer Cement Alter its Physicomechanical Properties? An in Vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Subramaniam ◽  
KL Girish Babu ◽  
G Neeraja ◽  
S Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Propolis is a natural resinous substance produced by honey bees. The antimicrobial effects of glass ionomer cement have been shown to improve with the addition of propolis; however its effect on the physicomechanical properties of the cement is not known. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength and solubility of conventional restorative glass ionomer cement following the addition of propolis. Study design: Twenty half cylindrical samples were prepared with conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the control group. Another twenty samples were prepared with propolis added to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the experimental group. The compressive strength was assessed using universal testing machine. To assess solubility, the samples were immersed in deionised water at room temperature, for 7 days. The solubility was measured as a difference in the weight of the sample; prior to immersion and following immersion at the end of each day. Results: The control group had a significantly higher mean compressive strength of 146.26 Mpa as compared to the experimental group (135.06 Mpa). The solubility between the groups was significant. Conclusion: In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Influence of Thymoquinone Exposure on the Micro-Hardness of Dental Enamel: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Farooq ◽  
Saqib Ali ◽  
Intisar Ahmad Siddiqui ◽  
Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa ◽  
Mohammed Al-Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess changes in micro-hardness level of enamel after it was exposed to thymoquinone (TQ). Materials and Methods Sixteen enamel blocks were prepared and divided into two groups (each group received eight blocks, n = 8); Gp 1 (control): enamel blocks kept in 100 mL artificial saliva (AS) for 24 hours and Gp 2: enamel blocks kept in a mixture of TQ powder (1 g) and AS (100 mL) for 24 hours. Post-immersion they were subjected to simulated brushing with each sample receiving 8,000 linear strokes. For brushing, 3 mL of AS and TQ oil was used for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Enamel surfaces were analyzed for changes in values of surface micro-hardness (pre-immersion, post-immersion, and post-brushing) by obtaining Vickers hardness number (VHN). Results The present study indicated improvement in micro-hardness levels for both groups although experimental group showed more enhancement. The mean baseline VHN for control group was 498.6, 500.4 for post-immersion, and 503.5 for post-brushing. The mean baseline VHN for experimental group was 448.7, 531 for post-immersion, and 610.3 for post-brushing. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed when post-brushing VHN values of both groups were compared and also within the experimental group when post-brushing values were compared with baseline values. Statistical Analysis Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied for the evaluation of pre- and post-exposure hardness values. Level of significance was ≤0.05. Conclusion The exposure of enamel to TQ led to an improvement in its micro-hardness levels. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism of action of TQ on human tissues.

scholarly journals Risk of leakage with a new tissue containment system for power morcellation during gynecologic laparoscopy: An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Bin Ling
Keyword(s):  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Removal Time ◽  
Containment System ◽  
Power Morcellation ◽  
Gynecologic Laparoscopy ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Purpose To evaluate leakage and tissue dissemination associated with a new tissue containment system for tissue removal during laparoscopic myomectomy morcellation using rigid pipes that can be seamlessly connected to detachable trocars. Methods Pork specimens were stained with indigo carmine dye and morcellated under laparoscopic guidance in a plastic trainer box. Morcellation was performed using two different containment systems. First, a polyurethane bag, 12 mm sheath for introduction into the peritoneal cavity, and 11 mm optic sleeve (control group). Second, a new tissue containment system using rigid pipes and detachable trocars (experimental group). All bags were inflated to 14–20 mmHg pressure using a standard CO2 insufflator. Visual evidence of spilled tissue or dye and procedure times were recorded. Results Thirty trials were performed using a multi-port approach and the two tissue containment systems. The leakage rate was 0.03% for the experimental group and 26.6% for the control group (p < 0.005). Morcellation time was significantly shorter in the experimental group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Mean bag introduction and removal times of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group; however, the removal time differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion The current study quantified leakage during morcellation and the convenience provided by a new tissue containment system. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to corroborate the findings and to evaluate the use of the new tissue containment system for minimally invasive surgical treatment of tumors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Undersized Drilling on the Coronal Surface Roughness of Microthreaded Implants: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Cohen ◽  
Ofer Moses ◽  
Talia Gurevich ◽  
Roni Kolerman ◽  
Alina Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Constant Rate

This in-vitro study assessed the effect of an underdrilling implant placement protocol on the insertion torque, implant surface temperature and surface roughness (Sa) topography of the cervical microthreads of implants. Three groups of 25 implants (3.75 mm × 10 mm) were placed in osteotomies prepared in an artificial bone disc with final diameters of 3.65 mm according to the manufacturer’s instructions and in osteotomies prepared in accordance with an underdrilling protocol with final drill diameters of 3.2 and 2.8 mm (groups D3.65, D3.2, D2.8, respectively). Implants were inserted at a constant rate of 30 rpm. The surface temperature of the implants was measured with a thermal camera and temperature amplitude (Temp-Amp) was calculated by subtracting the room temperature from the measured implant surface temperature. Upon implant retrieval, coronal surface topography was assessed using a Nanofocus µsurf explorer and compared to a set of 25 new implants (control group). The differences between groups were compared using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Significantly higher insertion torque, surface temperature values and significantly smaller average Sa values were measured in the implants inserted in undersized preparations. The highest temperature, insertion torque and Temp-Amp values and the largest decrease in Sa were measured in the D2.8 group. The lowest values were measured in the D3.65 group.

scholarly journals Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE): how to achieve greater stability. In vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio de Mendonça COPELLO ◽  
Daniel Paludo BRUNETTO ◽  
Carlos Nelson ELIAS ◽  
Matheus Melo PITHON ◽  
Raildo Silva COQUEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Pull Out Strength

ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the influence of mono- and bicortical anchorage and diameter of mini-implants (MIs) on the primary stability of these devices. Methods: 60 self-drilling MIs were distributed in six groups according to diameter (1.5mm, 1.8mm or 2.0mm) and type of anchorage (monocortical and bicortical) in bovine rib. The primary stability was evaluated by insertion torque, micromobility and pull-out strength tests. ANOVA and/or Tukey analysis were used to conduct intergroup comparisons (p< 0.05). Non-parametric statistics (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney) were performed when normality was not found (p< 0.05). Results: MIs with larger diameters and bicortical anchorage showed greater primary stability regarding insertion torque (p< 0.05) and micromobility (p< 0.05). Only MI diameter had an effect on the pull-out strength test. Larger diameter MIs presented better retention in pull-out strength tests (p< 0.001), regardless of mono- or bicortical anchorage. Conclusions: MI primary stability is dependent on its diameter and type of anchorage. Bicortical anchorage showed greater stability when compared with monocortical anchorage, independently of other variables.

scholarly journals Microbiological study of the efficiency of root canal treatment with Er:yYAG laser

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Razumova ◽  
A. S. Brago ◽  
H. B. Barakat ◽  
Yu. S. Kozlova ◽  
E. V. Velichko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Erbium Laser ◽  
Experimental Group

Mechanical and drug treatment of the root canal are the most important components of the success of endodontic treatment. This work presents the results on the effectiveness of the root canal disinfection using an erbium laser in combination with a 17% solution of ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in vitro and in clinical studies. An in vitro study was carried out on removed intact teeth infected with strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Candida albicans. An experimental group of teeth was treated medically according to a standard protocol using 3% solution of sodium hypochlorite and 17% solution of EDTA followed by irradiation with erbium laser. The control group was treated similarly but without laser irradiation. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated by the reduction of CFU. After the treatment, in the control group after the mechanical and drug treatment, the CFU amount lowered by 4 times, while the complete sterilization was observed in the experimental group. The clinical studies included two groups of 35 patients each diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. In the experimental group of patients, at the final stage, treatment with erbium laser for 1 min using endodontic piece (40 mJ power, 2940 nm wavelength, 10 Hz pulse rate) and a 17% EDTA solution was performed before filling. Periodontitis treatment in the control group was carried out without the laser treatment. The control group of patients saw the reduction on CFU after the mechanical and drug treatment by 3–6 times, while the experimental group achieved the complete sterilization of the root canals. The obtained results prove that the modification of the root canal treatment by the inclusion of erbium laser irradiation is a promising direction in endodontics.

scholarly journals The application of MTA as apical plug for root canal obturation – in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Ivan Matović ◽  
Dragan V. Ilić ◽  
Renata Petrović ◽  
Dejan Ostojić
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Canal Obturation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Experimental Group

Summary Introduction Prognosis of endodontically treated tooth is directly correlated to the quality of apical obturation. Modern concept of endodontics in particular way points out the quality of apical filling. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of root canal obturation with MTA apical plug using the method of gas (argon) penetration. Material and Methods Sixty-six freshly extracted single rooted (single canal) teeth were divided into the two experimental (30 teeth) and one control group (6). All canals were instrumented using hand and rotary files in step-back technique and copious irrigation of 1%NaOCl. In the first experimental group teeth were obturated using different sealers: Gutta Flow (Roeko), AH Plus (DeTrey), Acroseal (Septodont) and mono gutta-percha cone (10 canals each). In the second experimental group obturation involved 3 mm of MTA-Angelus apical plug while the remaining canal space was filled with the same three sealers as in the first group. The rate of gas permeability by Leak detector-Edwards LD 416 was measured in all teeth. Results The best seal was found in teeth obturated with Gutta Flow and MTA plug with average diffusion rate of 264.4 sec while the worst quality of obturation was found with Acroseal (178.5 sec-the highest gas permeability). All samples with MTA plug exhibited significantly lower leakage than the samples filled without MTA apical plug. Conclusion Root canals filled with MTA apical plug exhibited statistically significant lower gas permeability in comparison to the ones filled with sealer and guttapercha cones only.

Does Addition of Propolis to Glass Ionomer Cement Alter its Physicomechanical Properties? An In Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Subramaniam ◽  
KL Girish Babu ◽  
G Neeraja ◽  
S Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Propolis is a natural resinous substance produced by honey bees. The antimicrobial effects of glass ionomer cement have been shown to improve with the addition of propolis; however its effect on the physicomechanical properties of the cement is not known. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength and solubility of conventional restorative glass ionomer cement following the addition of propolis. Study design: Twenty half cylindrical samples were prepared with conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the control group. Another twenty samples were prepared with propolis added to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the experimental group. The compressive strength was assessed using universal testing machine. To assess solubility, the samples were immersed in deionised water at room temperature, for 7 days. The solubility was measured as a difference in the weight of the sample; prior to immersion and following immersion at the end of each day. Results: The control group had a significantly higher mean compressive strength of 146.26 Mpa as compared to the experimental group (135.06 Mpa). The solubility between the groups was significant. Conclusion: In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

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