Attitude and beliefs about surgical safety checklist in a North Indian tertiary care hospital, a decade later of World Health Organisation checklist

Introduction: The prevalence of leprosy in India has decreased to <1 per 10,000 population by 2016 after the introduction of Multidrug Therapy (MDT) in 1982; still wide variations in Prevalence Rates (PR) continue to exist across the states and regions in the country. Aim: To determine the current clinical profile of leprosy and study various presenting features of patients with leprosy at a tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study, based on seven years data, was conducted on patients diagnosed and registered in the leprosy clinic of a tertiary care hospital in North India, from January 2013 to December 2019. Data regarding their demographic details, presenting complaints, clinical features, associated complications and treatment administered was analysed and was entered into Microsoft Excel and presented as tables. Results: A total of 181 patients of leprosy were registered over a period of seven years. There were 133 males and 48 females with M:F ratio of 2.77:1. Of the total patients registered, 3.86% were children (≤14 years) and 97.8 % patients were immigrants from the adjoining states. The most common clinical type was Multibacillary (MB) leprosy in 88.95% patients whereas most frequent morphological type was Borderline Tuberculoid (BT) leprosy (72.93%). Thirty-three (18.23%) patients presented with leprosy reaction (Type 1 reaction in 16.6% and Type 2 reaction in 1.66%). World Health Organisation (WHO) grade 2 deformities (G2D) were diagnosed in 3 (1.66%) patients, with claw hand being the most common deformity (1.10%). Anaesthetic to hypoaesthetic patches were the most common presenting feature (64.1%). Conclusion: Despite statistical elimination, MB disease and leprosy reactions are commonly seen as presenting manifestations. It highlights the need for high quality leprosy services including good referral system for an active case detection. Varied clinical presentations of leprosy should be contemplated while examining patients that can assist in an early and better case detection that will prevent delay in therapy and associated deformities and also decrease the transmission of disease in the community.

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Awareness and practice on the use of World Health Organisation surgical safety checklist among operating room personnel in Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania and Dartmouth, United States

Annals of Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.331 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 487

Author(s):

G. Ngaiza ◽

M. Mchemebe ◽

E. Ridgway ◽

R. Freeman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Operating Room ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

World Health ◽

Operating Room Personnel ◽

Surgical Safety Checklist ◽

Surgical Safety

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Prescribing patterns of cardiovascular drugs in cardiology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Western Odisha

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20205533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ayan Roy ◽

Nayan Kumar Patel

Keyword(s):

Drug Utilization ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cardiovascular Drugs ◽

Prescribing Patterns ◽

World Health ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Clinical Practices ◽

Common Diagnosis

Background: Cardiovascular morbidity plays a villainous role globally as well as countries like India. Additionally, irrational prescription incurs greater damage to health and wellbeing. Drug utilization studies scrutinize the appropriateness of treatment and provide favorable feedbacks to strengthen clinical practices. The objective of the study was to describe treatment practices in cardiology outpatient and drug utilization pattern using core prescribing indicators by World Health Organization (WHO).Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study of 4-month duration was undertaken for cardiology Outdoor patients at a tertiary care hospital. 615 prescriptions were screened and analyzed.Results: Males (59.84%) were more in number than females (40.16%). Average number of the prescribed drugs per patient were 4.32±2.7 and (3.73±1.1 for cardiovascular drugs). Generic prescription was 60.98%. Percentage encounters with antibiotics 4.11, injectables 2.92%, fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) (11.8%) were documented. Drugs from the National List of Essential Medicines were 75.89%. The most common diagnosis was ischemic heart disease (68.29%). Hypolipidemics (78.25%) followed by antiplatelets (71.14%) were toppers in cardiovascular drug. Antiulcer drugs (PPI/Antacids) comprised 58.54% of total prescriptions.Conclusions: Less adherence to EDL, less generic prescriptions, use of FDC are major shortcomings. Areas to further rationalization like optimal use of evidence based medication like beta-blockers, newer anticoagulants/anti-platelet agents and newer anti-anginal agents are identified.

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PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS IN A PSYCHIATRY OPD OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.

10.36106/gjra/4813714 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 191-194

Author(s):

Kishore M S ◽

Narendra Kumar ◽

S Sindhu

Keyword(s):

Psychotropic Drugs ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prescription Pattern

Background: The expanding and challenging eld of psychopharmacology is constantly seeking new and improved drugs to treat psychiatric disorders. Psychotropic drugs utilization in actual clinical practice, effectiveness and safety in the real-life situation needs continuous study. Therefore, the study was undertaken to analyze the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs. Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in the psychiatry out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital for 4 months. Diagnosis was made according to ICD-10 criteria. Prescription pattern was analyzed using World Health Organization (WHO) drug indicators. Results: Psychotropic drugs constituted 74.85% of the prescribed medication. Average number of the psychotropic drugs per prescription was 2.53. Percentage of prescriptions with injectable drugs accounted for 5.13%. 59.28% of the drugs were prescribed by generic names, while the rest were branded. 28% of prescriptions contained psychotropic FDCs (Fixed dose th combination). 78.65% of the drugs were from the WHO's 18 List of Essential Medicines. Among the total psychotropic drugs prescribed, antipsychotics (43.87%) were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs followed by antidepressants (23.32%), anxiolytics (22.13%) and the mood stabilizers (9.88%) were the least. Conclusions: Prescription pattern of the psychotropic drugs were in accordance to the recommendations of various treatment guidelines. Antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs.

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DRUG UTILIZATION STUDY IN OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT IN A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i7.25995 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Nishandar Tb ◽

Kale As ◽

Pise Hn ◽

Jambhrunkar Sd

Keyword(s):

Drug Utilization ◽

Drug Exposure ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Essential Medicines ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group

Objective: Drug utilization research is an essential part of pharmacoepidemiology as it describes the extent, nature, and determinants of drug exposure. Indiscriminate use of topical antibiotics, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs causes histological and structural changes in the conjunctiva. The present study was proposed to investigate prescription and drug utilization practices in ophthalmology outpatient department (OPD) in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Maharashtra, India, from January 2015 to June 2016 after approval of the institutional ethics committee. Patients of all age group and of either gender attending ophthalmology OPD in a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Patients not willing to consent as well as follow-up patients were excluded from the study. Data collection was done in a predesigned pro forma. Prescriptions were evaluated for demographic data, World Health Organization (WHO) core drug prescription indicators. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel® 2007.Results: In a total of 600 patients, females outnumbered males. A bit less than a half of patients belonged to the age group of 19–45 years. An average number of drugs per encounter was (1080/600), i.e. 1.8. Of 1080 total drugs prescribed, 678 drugs (62.78%) were prescribed by their generic name. 1027/1080 (95.09%) drugs were prescribed from the National List of Essential Medicines and 671/1080 (62.13%) drugs prescribed were from the WHO- Essential medicines List. Total encounters having antibiotics and injectable formulations were 274 (45.66%) and 4 (0.66%), respectively.Discussion: Drug utilization studies (DUS) are a tool for assessing the prescribing, dispensing, and distribution of drugs. The main aim of DUS is to facilitate rational use of medicines. Overall findings of the study suggest that ophthalmologists’ drug prescribing habits were appropriate to a larger extent in the current setting.

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Frequency and Severity of Depression in Cancer Patients Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i1031234 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 59-70

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar ◽

Haresh Kumar ◽

Sarika Bai ◽

Azra Shaheen ◽

Safdar Ali Pervez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Severe Depression ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Mild Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Civil Hospital

Introdution: Cancer and depression, independently, cause massive human suffering worldwide. By the end of 2030 the unipolar major depression disorder could be as the chief source of ailment as estimated by World Health Organization. Objective: Objective of this study is to detect prevalence the frequency and severity of the depression in cancer patients presenting to tertiary care hospital of Karachi. Methodology: The current prospective cross-sectional research was performed over a period of six months from August 2020 to January 2021 on 179 patients in the Department of Oncology of Civil Hospital Karachi, after approval of synopsis from CPSP and the ethical committee of Civil Hospital. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited OPD of Civil hospital were selected in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study.Patients were assessed clinically by using ICD-10 criteria and then for validity and reliability, patients were screened for presence of depression and its severity through PHQ-9.Patients scoring higher than 4 was labeled as having depression and PHQ-9 score of 5 to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 19, 20-27 were labeled mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression correspondingly. Observed data was entered in the predesigned Performa was gathered and SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Mean ± SD of age was 47.75±14.901years. Out of 179 patients 95 (53.1%) were male and 84 (46.9%) were female. 93(52%) cancer patients were depressed while 86(48%) were normal. Patients suffering from mild depression were 3.2%, moderate depression were 54.85%, moderately severe depressed were 19.4%, while 22.6% cancer patients were severely depressed. It is to be concluded that out of 179cancer patients 93(52%) diagnosed to have depression while 86(48%) did not have depression. Based on our study findings, it is suggested that depression commonly presented in cancer patients and there is a need to screen all cancer patients for depressive disorder.

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Study of drug prescription pattern in diarrhoea patients admitted to paediatric ward in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20182690 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1403

Author(s):

Vinod S. Deshmukh ◽

Swapnil P. Chube

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Brand Names ◽

World Health ◽

Inappropriate Drug ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Paediatric Ward ◽

Prescribing Pattern ◽

Prescribing Trends

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) has defined diarrhoea as, ‘the passage of loose stools by an individual, at least thrice a day or more frequently than normal’. It is most commonly caused by intestinal infection, mainly viral. Every year there are about 2 billion cases of diarrhoea worldwide, a second leading cause of mortality in children below the age of 5 years. WHO estimated that antibiotic treatment was necessary in only one in twenty cases of childhood diarrhoea. Yet huge resources are currently spent on anti-diarrhoeal drugs annually, most rendered useless or harmful. This study was proposed to evaluate the utilization pattern of drugs prescribed for diarrhoea in children, in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the paediatric ward of government tertiary care hospital, Maharashtra. All patients of age less than twelve years with diarrhoea admitted to paediatric ward within the study period of January 2015 - June 2016 were included in the study. Patients older than twelve years or admitted with other gastrointestinal diseases or co-mordbid conditions were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics.Results: Majority of the patients admitted were males and more than half the patient population were in the age group of less than or equal to 3 years. Polypharmacy was found to be present in the prescribing pattern, with average, more than 4 drugs prescribed for diarrhoea treatment, in each prescription. Majority drugs were prescribed using brand names and parenteral route. Use of antibiotics was also found to be inappropriate in majority of the cases.Conclusions: The study highlighted the importance of drug utilisation studies and pointed out inappropriate drug prescribing trends for diarrhoea cases in a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra.

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Study of drug prescription pattern and adverse drug reaction monitoring in patients with hypertension and diabetes visiting outpatient department in a government tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192215 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 1430

Author(s):

Rucha M. Shinde ◽

Anand S. Kale ◽

Mahadeo P. Sawant

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Drug Prescription ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Brand Names ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Essential Medicines ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Prescribing Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Drug utilization study is an important tool to study the clinical use of drugs and its impact on healthcare system. DUS in patients with HTN and DM is essential to observe the changing prescribing attitude of physicians with the aim to promote rational use of drugs and to minimize the adverse drug reactions.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on randomly selected patients attending medicine outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital. Drug prescription sheets of 600 patients were studied for 18 months from January 2016 to June 2017 and the prescribing pattern was analysed using the World Health Organization basic drug indicators.Results: Total 2029 drugs were prescribed to 600 patients that belonged to various classes. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 3.4. Majority (61.5%) drugs were prescribed using generic names. Percentage encounters with the antibiotics and injections were 6.3 and 11.5 per cent respectively. 38% drugs were prescribed from the 20th edition of WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. PDD in the current study was found to be significantly less than WHO DDD in all drugs. All of the prescriptions in the present study conformed to WHO guidelines and majority of them with JNC VIII guidelines.Conclusions: The findings of this study are comparable to those of other studies. However, there is a scope of improvement in areas such as overdosing, prescribing more by generic names instead of brand names and from WHO Model List of Essential Medicines.

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Knowledge attitude and practice about diabetes among patients with diabetes attending medicine OPD of tertiary care hospital at Kulasekharam

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183824 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Praythiesh Bruce

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Strong Association ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

World Health ◽

Health Concern ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Attitude Score ◽

Care Hospital

Background: Diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death as per the World Health Organisation in the year 2030. The public health concern in developing countries is diabetes. In adults the prevalence of diabetes globally has risen from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. The knowledge regarding the diabetic drugs can be improved by group education and patient counselling.Methods: The study was conducted on diagnosed cases of diabetic patients visiting Medicine OPD SMIMS, Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu. In this study, convenient sampling was done and was conducted from May 2016 to October 2016 using a pre tested, semi‐structured questionnaire.Results: 200 diabetic mellitus patients were enrolled during the study period. The knowledge score of the patients was found to be 23.00±1.22, attitude score was 8.00±1.22 and practice score was 8.00±1.22 out of maximum possible scores of 25, 10 and 10 for knowledge, attitude and practices respectively. Knowledge scores had a strong association both with attitude as well as practice scores (p<0.05).Conclusions: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice of diabetic patients was very good.

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