FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PORCINE DEPOT FAT AS RELATED TO THE EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL DIETARY COPPER ON THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES OF FATTY ACYL DESATURASE SYSTEMS

Copper supplementation of a swine diet (barley-wheat-soybean meal) at a level of 250 ppm was associated with improved average daily gain, reduction in the melting point of the depot fat, increase in liver copper, decreased proportions of stearic and palmitic acids and concomitant increases in proportion of the medium-chain myristic acid as well as those of the major long-chain unsaturated fatty acids in the depot fat, and increases in the capacities of hepatic and adipose microsomes to desaturate 1-14C-oleate (in the presence of coenzyme A, ATP, Mg2+) and 1-14C-palmitoyl-CoA. There were neither sex differences nor copper × sex interactions. It is suggested that supplemental dietary copper enhances the specific activities of the fatty acyl desaturase systems, and that this enhancement contributes to the observed changes in fatty acid composition of the depot fat.

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EFFECTS OF COPPER ON PERFORMANCE, FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF DEPOT FAT AND FATTY ACYL DESATURASE ACTIVITIES IN PIGS FED A DIET WITH OR WITHOUT SUPPLEMENTAL COPPER

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas75-073 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 587-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. K. HO ◽

J. I. ELLIOT ◽

G. M. JONES

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Microsomal Fraction ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Fatty Acyl ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Dietary Copper ◽

Fatty Acyl Desaturase ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Long Chain

Twenty crossbred barrows were equalized as to litter origin into two groups, with or without 250 ppm supplemental dietary copper. The presence of supplemental copper in the diet resulted in deteriorations in both average daily gain and feed conversion. Increases in the proportions of major long-chain unsaturated acids and concomitant decreases in the proportions of saturated acids of depot fat were associated with enhanced capacities of hepatic and adipose microsomes to desaturate stearate, oleate and palmitate among copper-supplemented pigs. The increase in the copper content of the hepatic microsomal fraction of copper-supplemented pigs was small in comparison with increases in other subcellular fractions. Several levels of copper or L-histidine were added to microsomal preparations from control or from copper-supplemented pigs. These in vitro additions did not elicit significant alterations in the rates of fatty acid desaturations to the extent that one would expect if copper functioned as an activating ion. It is inferred, therefore, that copper is involved in the desaturation reactions as a component of a cuproprotein enzyme(s).

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Effect of different levels of n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty acid composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/0044-8486(94)90424-3 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 127 (2-3) ◽

pp. 177-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

C. Ibeas ◽

M.S. Izquierdo ◽

A. Lorenzo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Gilthead Seabream ◽

Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Different Levels

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DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, COMPOSITION OF FATTY ACID, CAROTENOIDS AND TOCOPHEROLS OF DEGUMMED AND NEUTRALIZED RED FRUIT (Pandanus conoideus) OIL

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v82.14820 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 71-78

Author(s):

Zita Letviany Sarungallo ◽

Budi Santoso ◽

Risma Uli Situngkir ◽

Mathelda Kurniaty Roreng ◽

Meike Meilan Lisangan

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Water Content ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Fruit Oil ◽

Β Carotene

Refining of crude red fruit oil (CRFO) through the degumming and neutralization steps intended to produce oil free of impurities (non triglycerides) such as phospholipids, proteins, residues and carbohydrates, and also reducing the amount of free fatty acids (FFA). This study aims to determine the effect of red fruit oil purification through degumming and neutralization stages on chemical properties, fatty acid composition, carotenoid content and tocopherol of red fruit oil (RFO). The results showed that degumming of CRFO did not affect the decrease in water content, FFA levels, peroxide numbers, iodine values, carotenoids and tocopherols content; but decrease in levels of phosphorus, β-carotene and α-tocopherol. Neutralization of degummed-RFO (DRFO) did not affect the decrease in water content, iodine value, carotenoid, tocopherol and α-tocopherol; but the FFA levels, peroxide number, phosphorus and β-carotene levels decreased significantly. The fatty acid composition of RFO was dominated by unsaturated fatty acids (± 75%), which increases through degumming and neutralization stages. β-carotene is more sensitive than α-tocopherol during refining process of crude oil, but in general, this process can improve the RFO quality.

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Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2021.10587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Syamsul RAHMAN ◽

Salengke Salengke ◽

Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽

Meta MAHENDRADATTA

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

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INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE ROSEMARY EXTRACT ON THE OXIDIZING STABILITY OF FATS OF SEMI-SMOKED SAUSAGES WITH PEKING DUCK MEAT

EUREKA Life Sciences ◽

10.21303/2504-5695.2020.001321 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 18-25

Author(s):

Nataliia Bozhko ◽

Vasyl Pasichnyi ◽

Andriy Marynin ◽

Vasyl Tischenko ◽

Igor Strashynskyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Meat Product ◽

Control Sample ◽

Oxidation Products ◽

Biological Efficiency ◽

Rosemary Extract ◽

Peking Duck

The work is devoted to studying the fatty-acid composition and biological efficiency of a developed meat-containing semi-smoked sausage, based on duck meat with the balanced fatty-acid composition, investigating the effectiveness of using a rosemary extract in a technology of sausages with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. It is confirmed, that the fatty-acid composition of meat-containing semi-smoked sausage of Peking duck is characterized by the optimal ratio of PUFA and SFA that is 0.33, at standard 0.2–0.4. The ratio between FA families w-3/ w-6 in the developed products is from 1:11 at recommended physiological norms of the ideal composition of lipids in a meat product as 1:10. Introduction of the rosemary extract in amount 0.02–0.06 % of the forcemeat mass decelerates hydrolytic oxidation of forcemeat lipids, favors deceleration of peroxide oxidation of lipids in a meat-containing semi-smoked sausage, decreasing the amount of peroxides in practically five times. The positive influence of the introduced antioxidant on accumulation of secondary oxidation products is noticed. Their summary amount was the least at the end of the storage term of ready products with the rosemary extract as 0.38–0.80 mg of МА/kg of the product that is 2.54–3.94 times lower than in a control sample. The most stabilizing effect on the process of lipids oxidation is obtained at introducing the rosemary extract in amount 0.06 % that allows to decrease the speed of oxidation processes in the product almost twice

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FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF SERUM LIPIDS IN HYPER- AND HYPOTHYROIDISM

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0710062 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 62-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Knut Kirkeby

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽

High Linoleic Acid ◽

Absolute Concentrations

ABSTRACT The fatty acid composition of cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides of the serum has been studied in groups of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid women and also in control material matched for age. In hyperthyroidism, a decrease in the proportions of linoleic acid and an increase in the proportions of some saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were observed. When absolute concentrations were considered, it appeared that the decrease in linoleic acid was almost equivalent to the entire decrease in total fatty acids in the serum of the hyperthyroid patients. In hypothyroidism no changes were noted in the proportions of linoleic, saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and the absolute concentrations reflected the general increase in serum lipids. It is believed that these findings may be explained by the changes in lipid turnover which are known to occur in disturbances of thyroid function. In hyperthyroidism, they lead to a linoleic acid deficiency, while a sparing effect must be operating in hypothyroidism. The finding of relatively high linoleic acid values combined with hyperlipaemia in hypothyroidism seems to be characteristic of the condition, since other types of hyperlipaemia are almost invariably combined with low percentages of linoleic acid. Results regarding arachidonic and eicosatrienoic acid are consistent with increased synthesis in hyperthyroidism, and decreased synthesis in hypothyroidism.

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Fatty-acid desaturation and microsomal lipid fatty-acid composition in experimental hyperthyroidism

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1930845 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 193 (3) ◽

pp. 845-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

F H Faas ◽

W J Carter

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Food Intake ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Desaturation ◽

Experimental Hyperthyroidism ◽

Lipid Fatty Acid ◽

Hormone Effect ◽

Lipid Fatty Acid Composition

We have studied the influence of experimental hyperthyroidism in the rat on the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and on liver microsomal lipid fatty-acid composition. Tri-iodothyronine treatment (25 micrograms/100 g body weight) daily for 3 weeks caused no significant changes in delta 9 (stearate) desaturation but a 24% decrease in delta 6 (linoleate) desaturation. Much larger doses of tri-iodothyronine increased delta 9 desaturation. Liver microsomal fatty-acid composition in hyperthyroidism is altered with significantly increased proportions of stearate and arachidonate and decreased proportions of palmitate, palmitoleate, linoleate (C18:2) and eicosa-8,11,14-trienoate (C20:3). These changes, other than the decreases proportion of C20:3 fatty acid, which may be due to the diminished delta 6 desaturase activity, cannot be attributed to changes in fatty-acid desaturation. Most of these changes were also found to be due not simply to the decreased weight gain or the increased food intake of the hyperthyroid animals. Only the decreased C18:2 fatty-acid proportions could be mimicked by restricting food intake of control animals and none of the changes were prevented by restricting food intake of hyperthyroid animals. Thus most of the changes in microsomal lipid fatty-acid composition are likely to be due to a thyroid hormone effect on peripheral lipid mobilization or lipid degradation.

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Stomata and Xylem Vessels Traits Improved by Melatonin Application Contribute to Enhancing Salt Tolerance and Fatty Acid Composition of Brassica napus L. Plants

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1186 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽

Nesma Shalby ◽

Ali M. A. El-Badri ◽

Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽

Mohammad Nauman Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Growth And Yield

Salinity stress is a limiting factor for the growth and yield quality of rapeseed. The potentiality of melatonin (MT; 0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) application as a seed priming agent in mediating K+/Na+ homeostasis and preventing the salinity stress mediated oxidative damage and photosynthetic inhibition was studied in two rapeseed cultivars. We found that 50 µM MT treatment imparted a very prominent impact on growth, metabolism of antioxidants, photosynthesis, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, yield, and fatty acids composition. Days required for appearance of first flower and 50% flowering were decreased by MT application. Exogenous MT treatment effectively decreased the oxidative damage by significantly declining the generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide under saline and non-saline conditions, as reflected in lowered lipid peroxidation, heightened membrane stability, and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase). Furthermore, MT application enhanced the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, relative water content, K+/Na+ homeostasis, soluble sugars, and proline content. Moreover, MT application obviously improved the oil quality of rapeseed cultivars by reducing glucosinolates, saturated fatty acids (palmitic and arachidic acids), and enhancing unsaturated fatty acids (linolenic and oleic acids except erucic acid were reduced). Yield related-traits such as silique traits, seed yield per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, and yield biomass traits were enhanced by MT application. The anatomical analysis of leaf and stem showed that stomatal and xylem vessels traits are associated with sodium chloride tolerance, yield, and seed fatty acid composition. These results suggest the supportive role of MT on the quality and quantity of rapeseed oil yield.

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