RAISED OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID LEVELS IN PIGS FED FLAX

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN C. CUNNANE ◽  
SUJATA GANGULI ◽  
JULIA K. ARMSTRONG ◽  
PAUL A. STITT
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Young growing pigs fed a creep feed containing 5% flax for 8 wk had significantly higher amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in liver, kidney, heart, skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and muscle than pigs fed the same diet containing no flax. Increased amounts of desaturation-elongation products of alpha-linolenic acid were observed in liver, heart, kidney and brain. Key words: Flax, alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid

scholarly journals Ultralong TE In Vivo 1 H MR Spectroscopy of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue at 7 T

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gajdošík ◽  
Lukas Hingerl ◽  
Antonín Škoch ◽  
Angelika Freudenthaler ◽  
Patrik Krumpolec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Blood n-3 fatty acid levels and total and cause-specific mortality from 17 prospective studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Harris ◽  
◽  
Nathan L. Tintle ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Frank Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

AbstractThe health effects of omega-3 fatty acids have been controversial. Here we report the results of a de novo pooled analysis conducted with data from 17 prospective cohort studies examining the associations between blood omega-3 fatty acid levels and risk for all-cause mortality. Over a median of 16 years of follow-up, 15,720 deaths occurred among 42,466 individuals. We found that, after multivariable adjustment for relevant risk factors, risk for death from all causes was significantly lower (by 15–18%, at least p < 0.003) in the highest vs the lowest quintile for circulating long chain (20–22 carbon) omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids). Similar relationships were seen for death from cardiovascular disease, cancer and other causes. No associations were seen with the 18-carbon omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid. These findings suggest that higher circulating levels of marine n-3 PUFA are associated with a lower risk of premature death.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acid levels and sensory quality of eggs following consumption of alpha-linolenic acid enriched diets

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
L.R. Kartikasari ◽  
M.S. Geier ◽  
R.J. Hughes ◽  
S.E.P. Bastian ◽  
R.A. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of the study was to increase the levels of omega-3 fatty acids in eggs, mainly in the form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n -3) as EPA and DHA have beneficial health effects. This study tested whether the inclusion of a vegetable source of omega-3 (n-3) fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) in the diets of laying hens (Hy-Line brown) would improve n-3 fat accumulation, without altering the product performance or the sensory characteristics of eggs. In this study, the ALA levels of the diets were varied from 0.3 to 6% energy (%en). In order to optimize the conversion of ALA into n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), grain-based diets containing a low linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) level were chosen as a basal diet, and the level of competing substrate, LA, in the dietary treatments was also kept constant. Results showed that increasing the levels of dietary ALA increased all n-3 LCPUFA (EPA, DPA, and DHA) in the eggs. Importantly, diets enriched with ALA did not impair the sensory quality of the eggs. In conclusion, brown laying hens fed ALA enriched diets produced eggs higher in n-3 fatty acids, and met the requirement needed for labelling as n-3 PUFA sources, which provides an alternative n-3 rich food for consumers.

Omega-3 Levels and Nicotine Dependence: A Cross-Sectional Study and Clinical Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juçara X. Zaparoli ◽  
Eduardo K. Sugawara ◽  
Altay A.L. de Souza ◽  
Sérgio Tufik ◽  
José Carlos F. Galduróz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

Background: High oxidative stress, which is caused by smoking, can alter omega-3 fatty acid concentrations. Since omega-3 fatty acids play a role in dopaminergic neurotransmission related to dependence, it is important to understand their effects on nicotine dependence. Methods: This research comprised 2 studies. The first one consisted of a cross-sectional evaluation, in which the levels of the most important omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were compared between smokers and non-smokers in a sample of 171 individuals; of them, 120 were smokers and 51 were non-smokers. The other study was a clinical, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, in which 63 smokers received daily treatment with capsules of fish oil (a source of omega-3/3 g/day) or mineral oil (used as placebo, also 3 g/day), taken 3 times a day for 90 days. Each fish oil capsules contained approximately 210.99 mg EPA and 129.84 mg of DHA. The outcome was evaluated by means of psychometric and biological measures as well as self-reports of tobacco use. The evaluations were carried out at the beginning of treatment and once a month thereafter (total of 4 times). Outcomes: The omega-3 fatty acid lipid profile showed that smokers present lower concentrations of DHA. After treatment, the omega-3 group showed a significant reduction in their levels of dependence. Interpretation: Smokers showed lower peripheral levels of omega-3, and treatment with the most important omega-3 fatty acids brought about a reduction in nicotine dependence.

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Oldest Old

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Debora Melo van Lent ◽  
Sarah Egert ◽  
Steffen Wolfsgruber ◽  
Luca Kleineidam ◽  
Leonie Weinhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Serum Phospholipids

Background. Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have different effects on cognitive health due to their anti- or pro-inflammatory properties. Methods. We aimed to prospectively examine the relationships between n-3 and n-6 PUFA contents in serum phospholipids with incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD). We included 1264 non-demented participants aged 84 ± 3 years from the German Study on Ageing, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) multicenter-cohort study. We investigated whether fatty acid concentrations in serum phospholipids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), and arachidonic acid (AA), were associated with risk of incident all-cause dementia and AD. Results. During the follow-up window of seven years, 233 participants developed dementia. Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower incidence of AD (hazard ratio (HR) 0.76 (95% CI 0.63; 0.93)). We also observed that higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a decreased risk for all-cause dementia (HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.61; 0.94)) and AD (HR 0.66 (95% CI 0.51; 0.85)) among apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) non-carriers but not among APOE ε4 carriers. No other fatty acids were significantly associated with AD or dementia. Conclusions. Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower risk of incident AD. This further supports a beneficial role of n-3 PUFAs for cognitive health in old age.

scholarly journals Perilla frutescens: a potential ingredient for the enhancement of white bread as a source of Omega-3

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Marcos Vieira da Silva ◽  
Andréia Vieira da Silva ◽  
Elton Guntendorfer Bonafé ◽  
Nilson Evelázio de Souza ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sensorial Attributes

Perilla frutescens seeds are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids which are important for human health. Intake of fatty acids depends on their presence in popular foods such as white bread. Current study evaluates the replacement of wheat flour by whole perilla at 1, 3 and 5% in white bread processing and its impacts on chemical and sensorial attributes, underscoring Omega-3 amounts. The use of whole perilla increases the Omega-3 content in white bread, balances the ratio n-6/n-3, decreases the specific volume, and maintains the concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The formulation with 1% whole perilla has a better acceptability and supplies 5.63 and 8.19% of the American recommended daily intake of alpha-linolenic acid for adult males and females, respectively. 

scholarly journals Influence of preoperative supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid in the healing of colonic anastomoses in malnourished rats receiving paclitaxel

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvo Orlando Vizzotto Junior ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ligocki Campos ◽  
Eneri Vieira de Souza Leite Mello ◽  
Tiago Jacometo Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Colonic Anastomoses ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Paclitaxel Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Maturation Index

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the healing of colonic anastomoses in malnourished rats receiving paclitaxel. METHODS: we studied 160 male Wistar rats, divided in two groups: one subjected to malnutrition by pair feeding (M) for four weeks, and another that received food ad libitum (W). In the fourth week, the groups were further divided into two subgroups that received omega-3 or olive oil by gavage. The animals were submitted to colonic transection and end-to-end anastomosis. After the operation, each of the four groups was divided into two subgroups that received intraperitoneal isovolumetric solutions of saline or paclitaxel. RESULTS: mortality was 26.8% higher in the group of animals that received paclitaxel (p = 0.003). The complete rupture strength was greater in well-nourished-oil Paclitaxel group (WOP) compared with the the malnourished-oil Paclitaxel one (MOP). The collagen maturation index was higher in well-nourished-oil saline group (WOS) in relation to the malnutrition-oil-saline group (MOS), lower in malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) in relation to malnourished-ômega3-saline one (M3S) and lower in the well-nourished-omega3-saline group (W3S) compared with the malnourished-omega3-saline (M3S). The blood vessel count was higher in the malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) than in the malnourished-oil-paclitaxel group (MOP) and lower in the malnourished-oil-saline group (MOS) in relation to the malnourished-omega3-paclitaxel group (M3P). CONCLUSION: supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a significant increase in the production of mature collagen in malnourished animals, with a reversal of the harmful effects caused by malnutrition associated with the use of paclitaxel on the rupture strength, and with a stimulus to neoangiogenesis in the group receiving paclitaxel.

scholarly journals The combined supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics decreased the levels of serum polyamines in experimental colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Havvanur Yoldaş İlktaç ◽  
Nihal Büyükuslu ◽  
Cüneyd Parlayan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Combined Supplementation

Polyamines play an important role in the maintenance of intestinal permeability. Therefore we aimed to determine the effects of probiotics and omega 3 fatty acids on serum polyamine levels in colitis. Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly grouped as normal, colitis with no treatment applied, colitis treated by probiotics (VSL#3), colitis treated by omega-3, and colitis treated by both probiotics and omega-3. Experimental colitis was induced by injection of 200 mg/kg 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS). The probiotic and the omega-3 fatty acid supplements were applied daily by oral gavage. Serum polyamine levels were measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In each group, the levels of serum polyamines are the highest in spermidine and the least in spermine. Bowel inflammation in experimentally induced colitis mice resulted in lower serum polyamine concentrations. In probiotic and omega 3 fatty acid supplemented group significant decreases were observed for spermine and spermidine (p<0.001), while no significant changes were obtained for putrescine. Combined supplementation of probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids for 10 days in colitis mice significantly decreased the serum levels of spermine and spermidine.

scholarly journals α- Linolenic Acid Modulates Phagocytosis of Extracellular Tau and Induces Microglial Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Eknath Desale ◽  
Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Microtubule Organizing Center ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Organizing Center ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The seeding effect of extracellular Tau species is an emerging aspect to study the Tauopathies in Alzheimer’s disease. Tau seeds enhance the propagation of disease along with its contribution to microglia-mediated inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to exert the anti-inflammatory property to microglia by modulating cell membrane compositions. The immunomodulatory function of omega-3 fatty acids exerts anti-inflammatory properties to microglia. Owing to the imparted anti-inflammatory nature enhance phagocytosis and increased migration property has been observed in microglia. The dietary omega-3 fatty acids are found to change the lipid composition of the cell membrane that predominated many signaling cascades and by modulating specific receptor response. Thus the omega-3 fatty acids influence microglial response in Tauopathy. Methods N9 microglia cells were exposed to extracellular full-length Tau monomer and aggregates along with ALA (α- Linolenic acid) to study the internalization of exposed Tau. The degradation of internalized Tau studied with the endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The final degradation step in phagocytosis has been studied with LAMP-2A as lysosomal markers. The changes in the rate of migration of microglia were assessed by wound-scratch assay along with Microtubule organizing center (MTOC) reorientation were studied after exposure of Tau and ALA as the property of highly migratory microglia. Results The increased phagocytosis of extracellular Tau monomer and aggregates has been observed upon ALA exposure to microglia cells. The intracellular degradation of internalized Tau species was targeted by early and late endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The increased levels of LAMP-2A and colocalization with internalized Tau indicated the degradation via lysosome. These results indicate the degradation of internalized Tau species in the presence of ALA instead of getting accumulated in the cell. The enhanced migratory ability of microglia in the presence of ALA induces the MTOC repolarization and reduces the nuclear-centrosomal axis polarity and favorable anterior positioning of MTOC. Conclusions Tau seeds greatly contribute to the spread of disease, one way to reduce the spreading is to reduce the presence of extracellular Tau seed. Microglia could be influenced to reduce extracellular Tau seed with dietary fatty acids. Our results suggest that dietary fatty acids ALA significantly enhances phagocytosis and intracellular degradation of internalized Tau. Enhanced migration supports the phagocytosis process. Our approach provides insights into the beneficial role of ALA as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement to treat AD.

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