Short Communication: Interaction between Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita on chile pepper in soil infested simultaneously with both plant pathogens

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al-Hammouri ◽  
W. Lindemann ◽  
S. Sanogo ◽  
S. Thomas ◽  
R. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Chile Pepper ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Soil Infestation

Al-Hammouri, A., Lindemann, W., Sanogo, S., Thomas, S. and Steiner, R. 2013. Short Communication: Interaction between Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita on chile pepper in soil infested simultaneously with both plant pathogens. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 67–69. The interaction of Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita was examined on chile. The frequency of recovery of Rhizoctonia, Meloidogyne egg counts, the Meloidogyne reproduction factor, and plant growth parameters were measured at 45, 60, and 75 d after soil infestation. The reproduction rate of M. incognita was not affected by the presence of R. solani. Similarly, R. solani infection was not affected by the presence of M. incognita. Neither plant biomass nor plant physiological measurements were affected by co-infectation with R. solani and M. incognita. These results indicate that little or no synergistic effect between R. solani and M. incognita occurred as a result of co-infection, and that no added adverse impact on chile occurred.

scholarly journals Potential of Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and their mixture on the management of Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani disease complex of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzoor R. Khan ◽  
Zaki A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Disease Complex

AbstractEffects of Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis alone, and in combinations for the management of Meloidogyne incognita, Pectobacterium betavasculorum, and Rhizoctonia solani disease complex of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.), were studied. Application of P. putida or B. subtilis to plants with M. incognita or P. betavasculorum or R. solani singly or in combinations caused a significant increase in plant growth parameters and the activities of defense enzymes. A significant increase in chlorophyll fluorescence attributes, viz., Fv/Fm, ɸPSII, qP, NPQ, and ETR were recorded in plants treated with P. putida or B. subtilis over pathogen-inoculated plants. Inoculation of P. putida results in a higher reduction in galling and nematode multiplication than B. subtilis. Maximum reduction in nematode multiplication and galling occurred when a mixture of P. putida and B. subtilis was used. Soft rot and root rot indices were 3 when Pectobacterium betavasculorum and Rhizoctonia solani were inoculated alone. The disease indices were rated 5 when these pathogens and M. incognita were inoculated in combinations. Inoculation of P. putida/B. subtilis with P. betavasculorum or R. solani reduced soft rot and root rot indices to 2 out of 3, while the use of P. putida + B. subtilis reduced indices to 1. Disease indices were reduced to 2–3 out of 5, when P. putida + B. subtilis were used to plants inoculated with two or three pathogens. The principal component analysis showed significant correlations among the various studied attributes. Two principal components explained a total of 86.1 and 93.4% of the overall data variability. Therefore, the use of P. putida together with B. subtilis had the potential for successful management of disease complex of beetroot.

scholarly journals Effects of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on olive plants growth in glasshouse conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jahanshahi Afshar ◽  
N. Sasanelli ◽  
S. Hosseininejad ◽  
Z. Tanha Maafi
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Gall Index

Abstract The influence of ten initial population levels (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, 12.8 and 25.6 second stage juveniles/cm3 soil) of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on olive cultivar Zard growth was studied in two pot trials. Ten month old self-rooted olive cuttings were individually transplanted into 2 000 cm3 pot and inoculated with the defined initial populations, of both nematode species. Plants were grown in glasshouse for 13 months, then they were uprooted and plant growth (percent growth increase of main shoot length, number of nodes on main shoot, top and root fresh and dry weights and root length) and nematode parameters (root gall index, J2/g root, final nematode population density and reproduction rate Pf/Pi) were recorded. Results showed that cv. Zard was more susceptible to M. javanica than to M. incognita. A significant reduction of main shoot length growth 37.6 % and 10.7 % was observed at 0.1 and 12.8 juveniles/cm3 soil of M. javanica and M. incognita, respectively, in comparison to uninfested plants. Root systems of olive plants grown in M. incognita or M. javanica infested soils were galled within the gall index range 1.4–6. No significant differences were observed in the number of nodes on main shoot, top and root fresh weights and root dry weight at high levels of M. incognita Pi. A tolerance limit (T) of 0.4 juveniles/cm3 soil was estimated for olive plants cv. Zard to M. javania. The use of resistant olive rootstock or selected cultivars is recommended to minimize or to limit damage of nematode infections in nurseries and to prevent secondary attacks of soil borne plant pathogens especially Verticillium dahliae.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity, Virulence, and Meloidogyne incognita Interactions of Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Causing Cotton Wilt in Georgia

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois A. Bell ◽  
Robert C. Kemerait ◽  
Carlos S. Ortiz ◽  
Sandria Prom ◽  
Jose Quintana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Soil Infestation ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Cotton Wilt ◽  
Significant Disease

Locally severe outbreaks of Fusarium wilt of cotton (Gossypium spp.) in South Georgia raised concerns about the genotypes of the causal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. Vegetative complementation tests and DNA sequence analysis were used to determine genetic diversity among 492 F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates obtained from 107 wilted plants collected from seven fields in five counties. Eight vegetative complementation groups (VCG) were found, with VCG 01117B and VCG 01121 occurring in 66% of the infected plants. The newly recognized VCG 01121 was the major VCG in Berrien County, the center of the outbreaks. All eight VCG resulted in significant increases in the percentages of wilted leaves (27 to 53%) and significant reductions in leaf weight (40 to 67%) and shoot weight (33 to 60%) after being stem punctured into Gossypium hirsutum ‘Rowden’. They caused little or no significant reductions in shoot weight and height or increases in foliar symptoms and vascular browning in a soil-infestation assay. Soil infestation with Meloidogyne incognita race 3 (root-knot nematode) alone also failed to cause significant disease. When coinoculated with M. incognita race 3, all VCG caused moderate to severe wilt. Therefore, the VCG identified in this study belong to the vascular-competent pathotype, and should pose similar threats to cotton cultivars in the presence of the root-knot nematode. Use of nematode-resistant cultivars, therefore, is probably the best approach to control the disease in Georgia.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and Volatile Nematicidal Metabolites from Duddingtonia flagrans against Meloidogyne incognita

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2268
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Mei ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Guohong Li
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes

Plant parasitic nematodes, especially parasitic root-knot nematodes, are one of the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide. The control of plant root-knot nematodes is extremely challenging. Duddingtonia flagrans is a type of nematode-trapping fungi (NTF), which produces three-dimensional adhesive networks to trap nematodes. In this study, the pathogenicity and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the NTF D. flagrans against the plant root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, were investigated. The predatory process of D. flagrans trapping M. incognita was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the VOCs from D. flagrans led to the identification of 52 metabolites, of which 11 main compounds were tested individually for their activity against M. incognita. Three compounds, cyclohexanamine, cyclohexanone, and cyclohexanol, were toxic to M. incognita. Furthermore, these three VOCs inhibited egg hatching of M. incognita. Cyclohexanamine showed the highest nematicidal activity, which can cause 97.93% mortality of M. incognita at 8.71 µM within 12 h. The number of hatched juveniles per egg mass after 3 days was just 8.44 when treated with 26.14 µM cyclohexanamine. This study is the first to demonstrate the nematicidal activity of VOCs produced by D. flagrans against M. incognita, which indicates that D. flagrans has the potential to biocontrol plant root-knot nematodes.

scholarly journals Assisted Phytostabilization of Acidic Polymetallic Mine Tailings Using Marble Waste and Native Plant Citrullus colocynthis: Effect on Soil, Plant, and Metal Uptake

2020 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Laila Midhat ◽  
◽  
Naaila Ouazzani ◽  
Abdessamed Hejjaj ◽  
Ahmed Ouhammou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Marble Waste

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the phytostabilization ability of the native Moroccan plant Citrullus colocynthis on the neutralization of soil acidity and stabilization of metallic trace elements (MTEs) assisted by marble waste. Mine tailings (MT) collected from an abandoned polymetallic site were mixed with powdered marble (PM) using different mixing ratios (%): (MTPM25), (MTPM50), (MTPM75), and agricultural soil (AS) acting as the control. Seeds of C. colocynthis were selected and planted under greenhouse conditions. Growth parameters were measured, and the metal concentrations in substrates and plant tissues were analyzed. The greenhouse results revealed that the growth parameters of C. colocynthis in the experimental treatments were significantly (p≤0.05) lower than those in agricultural soil. The growth of C. colocynthis significantly (p≤0.05) decreased as the ratio of powdered marble increased. The greatest increase in plant biomass was observed in the MTPM25, followed by MTPM50 and MTPM75. Some phytotoxic effects on plants were observed in MPTM­75. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in C. colocynthis roots were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than those of shoots, with maximum values of 112.98 mg kg-1, 201.3 mg kg-1, 201.2 mg kg-1, and 40.03 mg kg-1, respectively. This is a typical characteristic of accumulator plants and maybe one of the tolerance mechanisms. Plants in the experimental treatments were characterized by TF<1 and BCF<1, which indicate that C. colocynthis could be useful for phytostabilization strategies. Our study demonstrates that the phytostabilization by C. colocynthis assisted by powdered marble could represent a successful and environmentally friendly strategy to remediate acidic polymetallic sites.

scholarly journals Effect of Fungal Metabolites and Amendments on Mycelial Growth of Rhizoctonia Solani

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Castor Cake

Effect of Fungal Metabolites and Amendments on Mycelial Growth ofRhizoctonia SolaniA shift towards organic farming suggests amalgamation of organic resources against soil borne plant pathogens. The influence of metabolites of most ubiquitousAspergillusspp., organic amendment extracts and their combined effect withTrichoderma virenswere evaluatedin vitroagainstRhizoctonia solani.The minimum (36.1 mm) growth was attained byR. solaniin co-culture withA. niger.The maximum (42.3 mm) inhibition of mycelial growth of the test organism was observed with culture filtrate ofA. ochraceousfollowed byA. niger, A. fumigatus, A. flavusandA. terreus.Among organic amendment extractants, castor cake exhibited an additive effect on the growth ofT. virens, however, the maximum (41.8 mm) suppressive effect onR. solaniwas observed with vermicompost. With the advance in time, the effect of organic amendment extracts increased markedly. Inhibition potential of culture filtrate mixturte ofA. niger+T. virensandA. ochraceous+T. virensagainstR. solaniwas significantly higher in comparison to the other combinations.

Effect of Oil Cakes and Bio-agents Each Alone and in Combination for Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Green Gram

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-294
Author(s):  
Poornata Jena ◽  
◽  
N. K. Sahoo ◽  
J. K. Mahalik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Am Fungus

A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of Department of Nematology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during June to August, 2017 on the application of oilcakes (mustard cake and neem cake) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, Glomus fasciculatum, Rhizobium leguminosarum) each alone and in combination for the management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in green gram. Result of the experiment indicated that soil application of mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 of green gram seed declined the root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot index with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check. But integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seed exhibited the lowest M. incognita population 200 cc soil-1 (153.33 J2), number of galls plant-1 (7.0), number of eggmass plant-1 (2.0) and root knot index (2.0) reflecting enhancement of plant growth parameters, number of pods (206.67%), number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check. This integrated management module also recorded maximum increase in the availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll content as compared to other treatments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document