LIPID AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN DEVELOPING RAPESEED, BRASSICA NAPUS

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. FOWLER ◽  
R. K. DOWNEY
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

Self-pollinated seed from normal and erucic acid free plants of summer rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) was harvested at weekly intervals from pollination to maturity. Oven-dried whole seeds and their component parts were weighed and analyzed for oil content and fatty acid composition. Oil and dry matter accumulation followed sigmoidal patterns, most of the deposition occurring between 14 and 35 days after pollination (DAP). The relative contribution of the testa, endosperm and embryo to dry weight and oil content of whole seeds changed significantly during seed development. Oil content of the developing embryo varied from 22 to 44%, and the testa from 1.6 to 13%, although at maturity only 6 to 8% oil was found in the testa and adhering aleurone. The nucleate endosperm oil content was estimated to be low and in the order of 2 to 2.5%. In 7- to 14-day-old seeds the dry weight, oil content and fatty acid composition were largely determined by the testa and endosperm. From 14 to 21 DAP the testa and embryo were dominant and after 21 DAP the embryo was the controlling influence on the seed characteristics studied.Oils of the testa, nucleate endosperm and embryo differed in fatty acid composition. In seeds free of erucic acid, the ratios of the 18 carbon fatty acids of the embryo and testa remained nearly constant from 21 DAP to maturity. This suggested that the variation in fatty acid composition as well as oil content during seed development in this material was due to disproportionate changes in the contribution of the testa, nucleate endosperm and embryo. However, in developing seeds capable of producing erucic acid a change in the ratio of fatty acid synthesis occurred in both the testa and embryo.

COMPOSITIONAL CHANGES IN DEVELOPING PODS AND SEEDS OF OILSEED RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) AS AFFECTED BY POD POSITION ON THE PLANT

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. DIEPENBROCK ◽  
G. GEISLER
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Plants of rape (Brassica napus L. ’Erglu’) were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. The growth and composition of pods (hulls) and seeds was followed from the day when flowering took place to maturity. Pod development could be divided into three stages. In the first stage hull growth was more rapid than seed growth. Nitrogen accumulation in hulls occurred at a maximum and seeds were characterized by a high protein content but a low oil content and a fatty acid composition similar to that of photosynthetic tissue. During the second phase dry matter of hulls began to decrease, nitrogen was exported and the rates of seed dry matter accumulation grew to a maximum. At the same time the protein content of seeds declined while oil content increased rapidly. The fatty acid composition had reached the final condition. In the third stage hulls continued to lose dry matter and the rates of seed dry matter accumulation decreased dramatically. Pod growth was affected by the location of the pod on the plant. The individual seed weight and the fatty acid compvsition at 16 days after flowering indicated an accelerated development of seeds from axillary branches. Pods from the main branch generally produced the largest amount of seed dry matter. From these results the ideal high-yielding rape plant was characterized.

scholarly journals Development and screening of EMS mutants with altered seed oil content or fatty acid composition in Brassica napus

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1410-1422
Author(s):  
Shan Tang ◽  
Dong‐Xu Liu ◽  
Shaoping Lu ◽  
Liangqian Yu ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil Content

scholarly journals QTL analysis of an intervarietal set of substitution lines in Brassica napus: (i) Seed oil content and fatty acid composition

Heredity ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Burns ◽  
S R Barnes ◽  
J G Bowman ◽  
M H E Clarke ◽  
C P Werner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Substitution Lines

Some rape/canola seed oils: fatty acid composition and tocopherols

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Matthaus ◽  
Mehmet Musa Özcan ◽  
Fahad Al Juhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Canola Oils

Abstract Seed samples of some rape and canola cultivars were analysed for oil content, fatty acid and tocopherol profiles. Gas liquid chromotography and high performance liquid chromotography were used for fatty acid and tocopherol analysis, respectively. The oil contents of rape and canola seeds varied between 30.6% and 48.3% of the dry weight (p<0.05). The oil contents of rapeseeds were found to be high compared with canola seed oils. The main fatty acids in the oils are oleic (56.80–64.92%), linoleic (17.11–20.92%) and palmitic (4.18–5.01%) acids. A few types of tocopherols were found in rape and canola oils in various amounts: α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol. The major tocopherol in the seed oils of rape and canola cultivars were α-tocopherol (13.22–40.01%) and γ-tocopherol (33.64–51.53%) accompanied by α-T3 (0.0–1.34%) and δ-tocopherol (0.25–1.86%) (p<0.05). As a result, the present study shows that oil, fatty acid and tocopherol contents differ significantly among the cultivars.

SPECIES TRIALS WITH OIL PLANTS. I. CRAMBE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. McGregor ◽  
A. G. Plessers ◽  
B. M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Species Trials

Yields of seed of Crambe grown at Ottawa, Ontario, exceeded those of flax in comparative tests. Oil content averaged from 33 to 35 per cent and iodine number from 92.5 to 97.5. The oil is quite high in erucic acid. It has the following fatty acid composition–palmitic 1.7 per cent; stearic 1.0; oleic 16.7; linoleic 7.8; linolenic 6.9; eicosenoic 2.9; behenic 2.7, and erucic 55.7. The seed averaged 24 per cent protein and 15 per cent fibre. The meal contained 1.2 milligrams isothiocyanate and 5.1 milligrams thiooxazolidone per gram of oil-free meal.

OIL, FATTY ACID AND CHLOROPHYLL ACCUMULATION IN DEVELOPING SEEDS OF TWO "LINOLENIC ACID LINES" OF LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. RAKOW ◽  
D. I. McGREGOR
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Fatty acid composition and oil formation were followed in developing seeds of two "linolenic acid lines" of low erucic acid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) containing above and below normal linolenic acid levels to determine how these different levels of linolenic acid are derived. Under controlled growth room conditions, patterns of fresh weight and dry weight accumulation showed that seeds of both lines matured over the same period of time. During this time, both lines accumulated equivalent amounts of oil. The fatty acid composition of the oils of mature seed of both lines were similar for palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1), stearic (18:0), linoleic (18:2) and eicosenoic acid (20:1) when expressed either on a percent basis or a weight basis. However, oleic (18:1) and linolenic (18:3) acid were reciprocally related on a percent basis. The seeds of the two lines accumulated different weights of oleic and linolenic acid. Since the accumulation occurred over the same length of time, the difference in oleic and linolenic acid content was caused by different rates of accumulation. Equivalent chlorophyll contents, obtained for both lines, failed to show a relationship between chlorophyll content (indicative of photosynthetic activity) and linolenic acid accumulation.

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