CHANGES IN MOISTURE, TEMPERATURE, AND QUALITY OF CORN SEED DURING HIGH-TEMPERATURE DRYING

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULRICH HERTER ◽  
JOSEPH S. BURRIS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Seed Corn ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Temperature Drying

Mechanical drying has frequently caused injury in corn seed. Changes in seed moisture, temperature, and quality were determined for inbred lines A632, B73 and Mo17 to define the relationship between these variables. Ears harvested at ca. 48 and 38% seed moisture could be dried at 50 °C for 4–15 h and 18–24 h, respectively, before germination started to decline linearly with prolonged 50 °C drying. Drying time at 50 °C, seed moisture, or embryo moisture after 50 °C drying could be used equally well for prediction of seed quality. Seedling dry weights often declined even when seed was dried for only a few hours at 50 °C. Temperature measurements within seeds indicated that evaporation cooled the seed no more than 5 °C. Drying susceptibility of seed parents varied greatly between years.Key words: Moisture, temperature changes, seed corn, drying

Time of harvest, prethreshing treatment and quality in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed crops

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Siddique ◽  
G Somerset ◽  
PB Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Maturation ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Trials on the cultivars Canyon and Gallatin 50 in 1978 and Cascade in 1979 were run in North Queensland to examine ways of improving seed quality of snap beans. The trials concentrated on the maturation period, since this is a critical period for the development of seed quality. We found that seed quality was poor when the crop was cut at the stage when the leaves had fallen and all the pods were dry, or if the plants were cut at any stage and allowed to dry on the ground in single rows. This poor seed quality was associated with high pod temperatures during seed maturation. Cutting the crop before leaf fall, at a seed moisture content close to 50% (20-40% of pods dry) and windrowing immediately in 5 or 10 rows to 1 windrow gave low pod temperatures during seed maturation and high seed quality. Seed harvested and threshed directly off the crop was of good quality provided the seed moisture content in the crop had fallen to less than 25%.

Effect of preharvest applications of glyphosate on the drying, yield and quality of canola

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Darwent ◽  
K. J. Kirkland ◽  
L. Townley-Smith ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
A. J. Cessna
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Seed Yields

Potential use of preharvest applications of glyphosate in canola (Brassica rapa L.) in western Canada both as a harvest aid and to control weeds prompted this study. Experiments were conducted from 1988 to 1990 at four locations in the region to document the effectiveness of preharvest applications of glyphosate to enhance canola seed and foliage drydown and to measure the effect of such applications on seed yield and quality. Glyphosate was applied in early August to early September at rates of 0.45, 0.90 and 1.70 kg acid equivalent ha−1 to canola with seed moisture contents ranging from 79 to 12%. Seed and foliage moisture drydown were not enhanced by glyphosate treatment. Glyphosate treatments generally had little or no effect on canola seed yields, seed weight, seed germination, green seed content or oil content except when applied when the pods were green and when seed moisture contents were high. Seed/pod moisture was not a reliable indicator of stage of canola development and thus, should not be used alone as an indicator of when preharvest applications of glyphosate can be applied to canola without decreasing seed yield and quality. Key words: Glyphosate, canola, Brassica rapa L., preharvest application, desiccation, seed quality

scholarly journals Identification of internal cracks in corn seed using convolutional neural networks

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 03027
Author(s):  
Ziliang Huang ◽  
Rujing Wang ◽  
Liusan Wang ◽  
Yue Teng ◽  
Shijian Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Training Stage ◽  
Testing Stage

The identification of seed quality is very important for which the quality of seed is crucial to the yield and quality of crops. There are two main problems with the acquisition and identification of cracks inside corn seed. One is that most of the methods of near-infrared spectroscopy or X-ray are used to obtain images of cracks inside the seed, the acquisition equipment is expensive and the operation is complicated. The other is the identification of crack images, and the traditional image processing method is usually used which requires professionals to design different model parameters each time, resulting in poor model robustness and low model accuracy. In this study, we originally proposed a simple but effective method to obtain the picture of corn seed internal cracks, which is combined with visible light transmission and ordinary camera acquisition method. We also proposed using the transfer learning methods not only solving the problem of the small scale of our corn seed internal cracks dataset but also avoiding extracting features manually. Our proposed method achieved a promising result, which is able to correctly identify the cracked and intact corn seed 100% in our training stage and testing stage.

scholarly journals Seed Quality of Maize Inbred Lines with Different Composition and Genetic Backgrounds

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Rukero Munamava ◽  
A. Susana Goggi ◽  
Linda Pollak
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

scholarly journals Moisture adsorption isotherms and quality of seeds stored in conventional packaging materials and hermetic Super Bag

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amir Bakhtavar ◽  
Irfan Afzal ◽  
Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Adsorption ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture

AbstractSeed moisture content (SMC) is an important attribute to seed quality. Maintaining seed dryness throughout supply chain (The Dry Chain) prevents seed germination and quality losses. Ambient relative humidity (RH) and temperature affect seed moisture and thereof seed moisture isotherm. Present study was conducted to compare the moisture adsorption isotherms of wheat, maize, cotton and quinoa seeds packed in hermetic Super Bag and traditional packaging materials including paper, polypropylene (PP), jute and cloth bags. Seeds were incubated at 60, 70, 80 and 90% static RH. Nearly straight line moisture isotherms for all crop seeds were obtained in Super Bag. Seed moisture contents increased in traditional packaging materials with increasing RH. At higher level of RH, moisture contents increased slightly (1-2%) in Super Bag, whereas this increase was much higher in traditional packaging materials (≈9% higher than original SMC at 90% RH). In second study, seeds were dried to 8 and 14% initial seed moisture contents using zeolite drying beads and were stored in hermetic and traditional bags for a period of 18 months. For all crop seeds, germination was severely affected in all packaging materials both at 8 and 14% initial SMC except storage in Super Bag at 8% SMC. Wheat seed stored in Super Bag at 8% SMC almost maintained initial germination while germination of cotton, maize and quinoa seeds declined 7%, 14% and 30% respectively in Super Bag at 8% SMC. Seed storage in Super Bag can help to prevent the significant increase in seed moisture at higher RH as is evident from moisture isotherm study, thus helps to preserve quality of maize, wheat, cotton and quinoa seeds by maintaining The Dry Chain throughout the storage period.

scholarly journals Quality of maize seeds harvested and husked at high moisture levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽  
Leandro Vilela Reis ◽  
Vanessa de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Health Test

Harvest of maize seeds with high moisture levels has been recommended; nevertheless, after harvest, the ears undergo the process of husking and there is a need to assess the compatibility of these processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mechanical husking on the quality of maize seeds collected at high moisture levels. Dent BM 3061 hybrid maize seeds, manually collected from the ear, with moisture contents of 45%, 40% and 35%, and a 20/64 round sieve were used. The ears were mechanically husked (CWA machine, 312 rpm), dried in a stationary drier at 35 ⁰C until reaching 22% moisture, followed by drying at 42 ºC until reaching 12%. Then, they underwent shelling, followed by a chemical treatment with Maxin® + K-obiol® + Actellic®. Seed quality was assessed according to the occurrence tests of mechanical damage, first count, germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test, and seed health test at every quarter for 9 months. The mechanical husking affects maize seed quality, depending on the degree of seed moisture at harvest and on the material studied. This hybrid's seeds can be collected with seed moisture levels at 40% with the use of mechanical husking.

scholarly journals HEAT DAMAGE AND DRYING EFFECTS ON SEED QUALITY

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
M.J. Hill ◽  
C.R. Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Thermophilic Fungi ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Heated Air ◽  
Seed Moisture

Heat damage to seed can occur as a result of the cumulative effects of respiration and fungal heating, and by the accumulation and retention of radiant heat within the seed mass following harvest - both situations being collectively referred to as 'field heating'. Another type of heating damage occurs in heated air drying systems. Excessive drying air temperature can have deleterious effects on seed quality - this is generally referred to as "drying damage". Both 'field heating' and 'drying damage' result in loss of quality due to the thermosensitivity of seeds. This is a characteristic which is markedly influenced by the seed moisture content, by the extent and duration of heat production, and by the retention of heat within the seed mass. The role of the thermophilic fungi, Aspergillus spp., in accentuating heat damage, and the effects of both 'field heat' and 'drying damage' on the market acceptability and quality of seed is also discussed. Keywords: Respiration heating, fungal heating, Aspergillus, seed quality

scholarly journals Assessment of the effectiveness of storage structures for maintaining the quality of maize seed stored at different moisture levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Santosh Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Seed Testing ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Storage Structures

One of the main causes of food insecurity is the timely unavailability of quality seeds for smallholder farmers in developing countries. Improved storage technologies are effective in reducing storage losses. Thus, the objective of this research is to assess the traditional and emerging seed storage structures/materials for the maintenance of seed qualities. The effect of different storage conditions (moisture content of seed at the time of storage, i.e. 12±0.15% and 13.5±0.18%; storage containers such as metal bin, earthen pot, Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bag, and jute bag) on seed qualities of maize were assessed. The seed was collected from Chitwan, Nepal and a laboratory experiment was conducted at the central seed testing laboratory, seed quality control center (SQQC), Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur. The experiment was done using a two-factor complete randomized design in a four replicates design. Data regarding the seed qualities (seed moisture percentage, germination percentage, root and shoot length, and vigor index) just before store and also at 45, 90, 135, 180, and 240 days after storage (DAS) was performed as per the standard followed by  International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). The germination percentage, root, and shoot length decreased with increasing storage duration. The seed stored in the higher moisture level had significantly higher seed moisture throughout the storage duration. Seed stored in the traditional structures (jute bag and earthen pot) had lower seed moisture at 120 and 180 DAS. The seed stored at lower moisture resulted in a higher germination percentage, long root, and shoot length. Up to six months of storage germination of maize seeds stored in the earthen pots, PICS bag, and Jute bags were statistically similar. The traditional storage structures are equally effective for the maintenance of seed quality of maize.

scholarly journals Visualising a comparison of simulated urban heat islands: a case study of two Slovakian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Feranec ◽  
Juraj Holec ◽  
Pavel Šťastný ◽  
Daniel Szatmári ◽  
Monika Kopecká
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Computer Animations ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Temperature increases in cities affects inhabitants’ quality of life, justifying the extent of research focusing on identifying, analysing, and assessing the relationship between the density of urban fabric represented by land cover/land use (LC/LU) classes and manifestation of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. This paper delimits LC/LU classes for the urban Bratislava (2,117&amp;thinsp;ha of class 12110 dominated in 2016) and Trnava (598 ha of class 12120 dominated in 2016). The greatest median air temperature over 33&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C (at 18:00) was derived with the MUKLIMO model for the class <i>Continuous urban fabric with the sealing degree &amp;gt;&amp;thinsp;80%</i> in Bratislava. The graphic outputs improve our perception and evaluation of the LC/LU and UHI relationship. The information potential of the graphical outputs may increase through use of computer animations to represent the temperature changes during day or the temperature changes among years.</p>

scholarly journals Seed production and seed quality of the dune building grass Panicum racemosum Spreng

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Vieira Cordazzo ◽  
Anthony John Davy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Seed production, pollination requirement, seed characteristics related to quality and the relationship between number and mass of seeds were examined for Panicum racemosum in three successional populations in southern Brazilian coastal dunes. The seed production was generally low and declined further between the frontal dunes and the backdunes, dropping from 4.05 seeds per panicle in the former to 1.8 seeds in the latter. However fertility (% fertile florets) did not differ among the three habitats. Plants cross-pollinated in a glasshouse showed an increase in seed production to 41.4 seeds compared to no seed production in self-pollinated plants. Caryopses varied in mass from 3.2 to 12.2 mg with a mean of 7.98 mg. A strong negative correlation was found between mean individual seed mass and the total number of seeds per panicle in a natural population. However, this relationship did not persist in seeds produced by cultivated plants in the glasshouse. The causes of low seed production appear to be mainly pollen self-incompatibility and additionally competition for nutrients between sexual reproduction and allocation to clonal growth. Under conditions of nutrient shortage, Panicum racemosum probably allocates resources more to clonal growth and to fewer, but well-endowed seeds. This would permit emergence from deeper burial sand, faster growth and greater survival of seedlings.

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