QUICK-MOUNT SOIL CORE SAMPLER FOR MEASURING BULK DENSITY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TESSIER ◽  
H. STEPPUHN
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Core Sampler ◽  
Good Measurement ◽  
Measurement Repeatability

The design for a sleeve-type, quick-mount soil core sampler for bulk density and soil water content determination and for collection of undisturbed soil samples is described and its performance discussed. This core sampler has been used to collect undisturbed soil core samples 47.5 mm in diameter and 300 mm long in tillage and seeding studies. Less than 2 min is required to retrieve, seal and store each soil core sample. The soil samples are contained in 50.8-mm-diameter aluminum liners which are easily sealed with plastic caps and stored for later laboratory analysis. This sampler resulted in very good measurement repeatability and provided subsamples suitable for water retention curve determinations. Key words: Soil sampler, coring device, bulk density, soil moisture, undisturbed cores

scholarly journals Estimating the van Genuchten retention curve parameters of undisturbed soil from a single upward infiltration measurement

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Moret-Fernández ◽  
C. Peña-Sancho ◽  
B. Latorre ◽  
Y. Pueyo ◽  
M. V. López
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Undisturbed Soil Cores

Estimation of the soil–water retention curve, θ(h), on undisturbed soil samples is of paramount importance to characterise the hydraulic behaviour of soils. Although a method of determining parameters of the water retention curve (α, a scale parameter inversely proportional to mean pore diameter and n, a measure of pore size distribution) from saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), sorptivity (S) and the β parameter, using S and β calculated from the inverse analysis of upward infiltration (UI) has been satisfactorily applied to sieved soil samples, its applicability to undisturbed soils has not been tested. The aim of the present study was to show that the method can be applied to undisturbed soil cores representing a range of textures and structures. Undisturbed soil cores were collected using stainless steel cylinders (5cm internal diameter×5cm high) from structured soils located in two different places: (1) an agricultural loam soil under conventional, reduced and no tillage systems; and (2) a loam soil under grazed and ungrazed natural shrubland. The α and n values estimated for the different soils using the UI method were compared with those calculated using time domain reflectometry (TDR) pressure cells (PC) for pressure heads of –0.5, –1.5, –3, –5, –10 and –50kPa. To compare the two methods, α values measured with UI were calculated to the drying branch of θ(h). For each treatment, three replicates of UI and PC calculations were performed. The results showed that the 5-cm high cylinders used in all experiments provided accurate estimates of S and β. Overall, the α and n values estimated with UI were larger than those measured with PC. These differences could be attributed, in part, to limitations of the PC method. On average, the n values calculated from the optimised S and β data were 5% larger than those obtained with PC. A relationship with a slope close to 1 fitted the n values estimated using both methods (nPC=0.73 nUI+0.49; R2=0.78, P<0.05). The results show that the UI method is a promising technique to estimate the hydraulic properties of undisturbed soil samples.

scholarly journals Alternative method for volumetric core removal in hardsetting soils

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herdjania Veras de Lima ◽  
Álvaro Pires da Silva ◽  
Sílvia Imhoff ◽  
Afrânio Ferreira Neves Junior
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Large Soil

Due to the narrow window of ideal moisture conditions required for collecting undisturbed soil samples from hardsetting horizons in the field, this study compared the efficiency of an alternative method of soil core removal in the laboratory with that of the traditional field method by using measurements of soil bulk density data (Db). In a first sampling, cylinders were removed with a soil sampler in the field. In a second sampling, large soil blocks were removed with Kubiena-type zinc (brass) boxes in the field. Volumetric core cylinder samples were removed from these blocks in the laboratory with a manual hydraulic pump. There were no differences between the Db values determined from the laboratory and the field coring method. The laboratory method was considered more efficient than the field method because it allowed reductions in the errors made by operators in the field, and those caused by differences in soil water content. The laboratory method allows sampling in hardsetting horizons throughout the year, and collecting soil core samples under conditions of controlled moisture and applied force.

scholarly journals A Novel Frequency Domain Impedance Sensor with a Perforated Cylinder Coaxial Design for In-Situ Measuring Soil Matric Potential

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Xiaofei Yan ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Song Yu ◽  
Yihan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Soil Matric Potential ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Retention Curve

Soil matric potential is an important parameter for agricultural and environmental research and applications. In this study, we developed a novel sensor to determine fast and in-situ the soil matric potential. The probe of the soil matric potential sensor comprises a perforated coaxial stainless steel cylinder filled with a porous material (gypsum). With a pre-determined gypsum water retention curve, the probe can determine the gypsum matric potential through measuring its water content. The matric potential of soil surrounding the probe is inferred by the reading of the sensor after the soil reaches a hydraulic equilibrium with the gypsum. The sensor was calibrated by determining the gypsum water retention curve using a pressure plate method and tested in three soil samples with different textures. The results showed that the novel sensor can determine the water retention curves of the three soil samples from saturated to dry when combined with a soil water content sensor. The novel sensor can respond fast to the changes of the soil matric potential due to its small volume. Future research could explore the application for agriculture field crop irrigation.

scholarly journals A new soil core sampler for determination bulk density in soil profile

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Prikner ◽  
F. Lachnit ◽  
F. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Core Sampler ◽  
Inner Diameter

The portable soil core sampler was engineered for gradual sampling of soil profile in the depth up to 0.5 m, which ensures extraction of the whole sample volume of soil profile in determinable depth. The portable soil core sampler was compared with the professional soil probe Eijkelkamp P1.31 (Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment, Netherlands) in field conditions. The portable sampler was compared with the physical soil sample rings in laboratory conditions to eliminate all of possible restrictive aspects affecting the procedure of measurement. The portable soil core sampler with inner diameter 71 mm, depth 120 mmenables gradually take samples of soil profile by step of 50 mmand is able to detect possible local extremes. On the other hand a soil probe is not able to reach desired accuracy in taking of a&nbsp;soil sample. Values measured from a soil probe approximately taken by step of 150 mmare inaccurate. The values of bulk density of both sampling methods were variable at significant interval from 40 into 80 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. Different values could be caused by soil profile condition and by the use of different sampling methods. The design of a portable soil sampler should be of assistance in fast and precise soil profiling sample collection, which is required to determine bulk density of the soil, its variance depending on moisture content in soil compaction determining criteria.

How representative is the conventional undisturbed soil core sample in terms of fllow properties?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill Gerke ◽  
Marina Karsanina
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Correlation Functions ◽  
Physical Review ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Multi Scale

&lt;p&gt;Classic soil physics relies heavily on the concept of representative elementary volume (REV), which is necessary to perform upscaling from the studied soil samples and parameterize continuum scale hydrological models (e.g., based on Richards equation). In this paper we explore the boundaries of the classic REV concept and conventional representativity studies that claim REV for a given physical property if its values converge to a steady value with increasing sample&amp;#8217;s volume. We chose two conventional undisturbed soil samples from Ah and B horizons and performed pore-scale flow simulations based on their X-ray microtomography scans. The volumes of the simulation domains were 729 million of voxels with a physical volume within the order of magnitude of the whole soil core. Based on 3D pore geometry images and resulting flow velocity and pressure fields we performed REV analysis for saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity. To further facilitate the REV analysis, we also evaluated the stationarity of pore structures by computing directional correlation functions for studied images. We concluded that neither of the studied samples can be considered to be representative due to its structural non-stationarity, which reflects on the behavior of Ksat values within the subcubes of different volume within the samples. In this contribution we extensively discuss the implications of such results. While it was possible to show that studied soil samples are not REVs for saturated hydraulic conductivity, we were unable to establish any relevant domain length scale. The latter may require tensorial flow property analysis with correct boundary conditions (Gerke et al., 2019), multi-scale soil structure imaging (Gerke et al., 2015; Karsanina et al., 2018; Karsanina and Gerke, 2018) and pore-scale simulations on fused multi-scale images (Miao et al., 2017; Gerke et al., 2018).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 20-54-12030 &amp;#1053;&amp;#1053;&amp;#1048;&amp;#1054;_&amp;#1072; and 18-34-20131 &amp;#1084;&amp;#1086;&amp;#1083;_&amp;#1072;_&amp;#1074;&amp;#1077;&amp;#1076;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Karsanina, M. V., Gerke, K. M., Skvortsova, E. B., Ivanov, A. L., &amp; Mallants, D. (2018). Enhancing image resolution of soils by stochastic multiscale image fusion. Geoderma, 314, 138-145.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gerke, K. M., Karsanina, M. V., &amp; Mallants, D. (2015). Universal stochastic multiscale image fusion: an example application for shale rock. Scientific reports, 5, 15880.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gerke, K. M., Vasilyev, R. V., Khirevich, S., Collins, D., Karsanina, M. V., Sizonenko, T. O., Korost D.V., Lamontagne S., &amp; Mallants, D. (2018). Finite-difference method Stokes solver (FDMSS) for 3D pore geometries: Software development, validation and case studies. Computers &amp; Geosciences, 114, 41-58&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Karsanina, M. V., &amp; Gerke, K. M. (2018). Hierarchical Optimization: Fast and Robust Multiscale Stochastic Reconstructions with Rescaled Correlation Functions. Physical Review Letters, 121(26), 265501.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miao, X., Gerke, K. M., &amp; Sizonenko, T. O. (2017). A new way to parameterize hydraulic conductances of pore elements: A step towards creating pore-networks without pore shape simplifications. Advances in Water Resources, 105, 162-172.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gerke, K. M., Karsanina, M. V., &amp; Katsman, R. (2019). Calculation of tensorial flow properties on pore level: Exploring the influence of boundary conditions on the permeability of three-dimensional stochastic reconstructions. Physical Review E, 100(5), 053312.&lt;/p&gt;

Undisturbed soil-core sampler for submerged puddled soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
P.K. Sharma ◽  
R.M. Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Soil Core ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Core Sampler

scholarly journals Chemical and physical properties of an anthropogenic dark earth soil from Bragança, Para, Eastern Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luma Castro de SOUZA ◽  
Herdjania Veras de LIMA ◽  
Sueli RODRIGUES ◽  
Dirse Clara KERN ◽  
Álvaro Pires da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Adjacent Soil

ABSTRACT Although anthropogenic dark earth (ADE) is generally found in non-floodable land, it also occurs on floodplains but, there is no information about the chemical and physical characteristics of ADE in this environment. In this study, we propose to check the hypothesis that a Gleysol, classified as ADE, presents improved chemical and physical conditions than an adjacent soil, no anthropogenic. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and physical properties of the top layer of two ADE profiles in a Gleysol and compare them with an adjacent soil. Samples were taken from two areas classified as ADE in Bragança, Pará State, Brazil, at the "Jabuti" archaeological site, and from an adjacent non-anthropogenic site. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected at the soil depth of 0.05-0.10 m for chemical (pH, potential acidity, exchangeable cations, and soil organic carbon) and physical (soil particle size distribution, particles density, water retention curve, total porosity, microporosity, macroporosity, and bulk density) analysis. The two areas of ADE in a Gleysol, showed improved soil chemical properties compared to the adjacent soil, particularly in relation to phosphorus and calcium levels that contributed to higher cation exchange capacity which, in turn, was positively related to organic carbon content. Changes in soil physical properties were less noticeable but both areas of ADE presented higher water retention capacity, particularly at low tension. The improved conditions of the ADE soil under Gleysols shows that these areas are adequate for soil cultivation, especially with plants adapted to floodplain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Retention Curves by Regression and Machine Learning Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032088
Author(s):  
Milan Cisty ◽  
Barbora Povazanova
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
The One

Abstract The paper presents two methods that simplify the estimation of the water retention curves. The case study is evaluated for the soils of Záhorská lowland in the paper. These methods are based on the supposed dependence of the soil water content on the percentage content of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Kopecký grain categories, and the dry bulk density. The representative set of the drying branch of water retention curves was measured using soil samples from the Záhorská lowland region in a laboratory. Particle size distribution and dry bulk density were also determined. In this paper support vector machines and multiple linear regression is compared to estimate the pedotransfer functions that can be used for the prediction of the drying branch of the water retention curve. Both methods were verified on other data set of measured water retention curves than the one which was used for building the models with a close agreement to measured results.

scholarly journals ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE MÉTODOS PARA A DETERMINAÇÃO DA CURVA DE RETENÇÃO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Dos Santos Nascimento ◽  
Luis Henrique Bassoi ◽  
Vital Pedro da Silva Paz ◽  
Carlos Manoel Pedro Vaz ◽  
João De Mendonça Naime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Disturbed Soil

A curva de retenção de água no solo pode ser estimada por diversos métodos, e alguns deles demandam maior tempo para a sua determinação. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi a comparação da curva de retenção de água no solo, determinada pelos métodos de Arya & Paris, câmara de Richards e centrífuga, em um Neossolo Quartzarênico em Petrolina - PE. Nas camadas de 0,00-0,20, 0,20-0,40 e 0,40-0,60 m de profundidade, foram coletadas amostras deformadas em 3 pontos de uma área cultivada com videiras irrigadas, as quais foram homogeneizadas por camada, formando assim uma amostra composta para cada camada; em seguida, tais amostras foram subdividas em três subamostras e cada uma foi encaminhada para a determinação da curva de retenção de água no solo pelos métodos testados. Os resultados obtidos pelo método de Arya & Paris não apresentaram correspondência com os obtidos pelos métodos da centrífuga e da câmara de Richards. No entanto, o desenvolvimento de calibrações específicas do método de Arya & Paris para os solos irrigados do Submédio São Francisco é recomendada, tanto pela possibilidade de uso da curva de retenção de água no solo para o manejo de irrigação, como pelo potencial do método quanto à determinação rápida.   UNITERMOS: retenção de água do solo, analisador granulométrico, método.     NASCIMENTO, P. dos S.; BASSOI, L. H.; PAZ, V. P. da S.; VAZ, C. M. P.; NAIME, J. de M.; MANIERI, J. M. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DETERMINING METHODS OF SOIL WATER RETENTION CURVE     2 ABSTRACT   Soil water retention curve can be estimated by different methods, and some of them are time consuming. Hence, this research aimed to determine and compare the soil water retention curve, obtained by the methods proposed by Arya & Paris, Richards (pressure membrane apparatus) and centrifuge, of a Typic Quartzipisamment from Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. To determine the soil water retention curve in the layers of 0.00-0.20; 0.20-0.40 and 0.40-0.60 m depths, disturbed soil samples were collected in three points of an irrigated vineyard area. The disturbed soil samples were homogenized by layer, thus forming a composed sample for each soil layer. These samples were subdivided into three sub samples, and each one was used to determination of soil water retention curve by the methods tested. The results from method proposed by Arya & Paris did not present similarity with those obtained by Richards´chamber and centrifuge methods. Nevertheless, the development of specific calibration to irrigated soils from Lower-middle São Francisco region is recommended due to the application of soil water retention curve to irrigation scheduling as well as the quickness of the method.   KEYWORDS: soil water retention, granulometry analyzer, method.  

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