Development of an identification scheme for Canadian registered oat cultivars using RAPDs

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Guillin ◽  
Bernard R. Baum ◽  
Subbaiah Mechanda
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Key Words Dna ◽  
Identification Scheme ◽  
Rapd Fingerprints ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Single Seeds

DNA fingerprints for all 53 oat cultivars registered in Canada were generated using random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). Repeatability and reliability of the PCR-RAPD fingerprints were confirmed on up to 20 single seeds or seedlings, from breeders seed of five cultivars. An identification key was computer generated for the 53 cultivars. Twenty-nine potentially diagnostic bands were scored on the 53 cultivars to generate the key, but only 13 were found useful and sufficient by the computer generating key program. The identification scheme lends itself to be online. Further research is required to complete the scheme for routine cultivar identification and verification in Canada. The problems that need to be investigated are discussed. Key words: DNA fingerprinting, oat cultivars, RAPD, identification key

DNA fingerprinting and genetic relationships of potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) commercially grown in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Isenegger ◽  
Paul W. J. Taylor ◽  
Rebecca Ford ◽  
Peter Franz ◽  
Graeme R. McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Banding Patterns

DNA fingerprints of 64 potato cultivars that are commercially grown in Australia were generated using PCR-based RAPD analysis. All 64 cultivars were differentiated by banding patterns obtained from 17 primers that generated 133 polymorphisms. Clonal variants of cvv. Atlantic, Kennebec, Sebago, and Russet Burbank were found to have within-cultivar identical banding patterns. The largest genetic similarity between potato cultivars and the Solanum andigena and Solanum acuale outgroups were 0.5 and 0.4, respectively. The genetic similarity between only potato cultivars ranged from 0.67 to 0.9. Using similarity data a dendrogram was constructed that showed close genetic relationships between a number of cultivars of similar pedigree. This study has shown that DNA fingerprinting is a useful tool for potato cultivar identification, differentiation, and estimating genetic relationships.

Crepis alpina en España. Crepis alpina in Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 229-231
Author(s):  
María Talavera Solís ◽  
Carlos Sánchez Casimiro-Soriguer ◽  
Salvador Talavera Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Key Words Identification ◽  
Palabras Clave

Crepis sect. Lepidoseris sensu Babcock in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Palabras clave. Clave de identificación, nomenclatura, tipificación, distribución, Crepis bermejana sp. nov., combinaciones nuevas. Key words. Identification key, nomenclature, chorology, typification, Crepis bermejana sp. nov., new combinations.

Crepis sect. Lepidoseris sensu Babcock en la Península Ibérica y Baleares. Crepis sect. Lepidoseris sensu Babcock in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Talavera Solís ◽  
Carlos Sánchez Casimiro-Soriguer ◽  
Salvador Talavera Lozano
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Key Words Identification ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Península Ibérica

Crepis sect. Lepidoseris sensu Babcock in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Palabras clave. Clave de identificación, nomenclatura, tipificación, distribución, Crepis bermejana sp. nov., combinaciones nuevas. Key words. Identification key, nomenclature, chorology, typification, Crepis bermejana sp. nov., new combinations.

Comparison of colony and stool blots for detection of enteropathogens by DNA probes

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
Mônica A. M. Vieira ◽  
Beatriz E. C. Guth ◽  
Tânia A. T. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Key Words Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable

DNA probes that identify genes coding for heat-labile type I (LT-I) and heat-stable type 1 (ST-I) enterotoxins, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adherence factor (EAF), and Shigella-like, invasiveness (INV) are used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of stool blots in comparison with the sensitivity and specificity of colony blots in detecting enteropathoghens. The sensitivities of the probes in stool blots are 91.7% for the LT-I probe, 76.9% for the ST-I probes, 78.9% for the EAF probe, and 45.5% for the INV probe. The specificity of all probes is higher than 95%. In general, the stool blot method identifies as many if not more LT-I-, ST-I-, and EAF-producing E. coli infections than the colony blots. Key words: DNA probes, stool blots, enteropathogens, diagnosis.

AC Morgan Oat

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Kibite ◽  
James G. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Desirable Feature ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Milling Yield ◽  
High Test

AC Morgan is a high-yielding spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar developed by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, Alberta and released in 1999. It is described as a medium maturing cultivar with strong straw, plump kernels, high test weight, high protein content, low hull content and high milling yield. It also has low oil content, which is a desirable feature in milling oat cultivars. AC Morgan is well adapted to Alberta and the rust-free areas of Saskatchewan. Key words: Avena sativa, oat (spring), cultivar description

Changes in DNA content and chromosome number during spermatogenesis in the gall midge Monarthropalpus buxi (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera)

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jazdowska-Zagrodzinska ◽  
R. Dallai ◽  
C. A. Redi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Meiotic Division ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Key Words Dna ◽  
Further Development

In this paper we analyze the course of spermatogenesis in Monarthropalpus buxi. The first meiotic division occurs without any chromosomes pairing. As a result one spermatocyte II appears from which two sperms originate, and one residual cell, which does not undergo any further division. We found variations in chromosome number and DNA content between germ line cells of different individuals. Such variations were observed in the spermatocytes I and II, and in the sperms. In contrast, the residual cells, which did not take part in further development, always had the same DNA content and constantly inherited 20 chromosomes: 4 constituting one haploid set of the somatic type (S chromosomes) and 16 of the germ line limited type (E chromosomes).Key words: DNA content, chromosome number, Cecidomyiidae, germ line, spermatogenesis.

DNA fingerprinting in reptiles: Bkm hybridization patterns in Crocodilia and Chelonia

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Demas ◽  
Stephen Wachtel
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
W Chromosome ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Tetranucleotide Repeat ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Potential Value

The simple tetranucleotide repeat GATA (GACA) occurs in all eukaryotes so far studied. In many species, the arrangement of these sequences varies considerably among individuals. Thus GATA (GACA) type probes produce DNA fingerprints when hybridized with restricted DNA from different individuals within a species. Banded krait minor (Bkm) satellite DNA (related to sequences originally recovered from the W chromosome of the banded krait and consisting essentially of a series of GATA repeats) is found in a wide spectrum of vertebrates and invertebrates. We used the Bkm 2(8) clone to evaluate the occurrence of this satellite in DNA from five species of Crocodilia and six species of Chelonia, including the sea turtles Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys kempi. Well-resolved DNA fingerprints were obtained. Among the crocodilians, fewer restriction fragments were generated and fewer of the fragments were polymorphic, than among the chelonians, consistent with the view that the crocodilians are less divergent within species. The Bkm 2(8) clone can accordingly be used to advantage in individual, familial, and population studies, and perhaps in the evaluation of taxonomic relationships in these animals. This is of potential value in endangered species such as C. mydas and L. kempi.Key words: DNA fingerprinting, Bkm satellite, reptiles.

Inheritance and distribution of variation at four avenin loci in North American oat germ plasm

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Souza ◽  
M. E. Sorrells
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
High Association ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobilities ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Avenins (prolamines of the Avena genus) have been shown to be useful in taxonomic studies and cultivar identification; specific allelic identification could assist in these types of studies as well as providing a basis for future linkage and gene mapping studies. The avenin patterns produced by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were compared in 70 North American oat cultivars and germ plasms. Populations of F2 progeny were subsequently evaluated to test for allelism of proteins found to be noncoincident in the survey of homozygous cultivars. A minimum of four loci (Av1, Av2, Av3, and Av4) were found to possess alternate alleles with distinctive electrophoretic mobilities. Segregation of 10 alternate alleles were observed in studies of F2 progeny: four for Av1, and two each for the other three loci. Additional variation found among the surveyed cultivars suggested at least two additional electrophoretically variant polypeptides. Several of the alleles were found to be associated with cultivars from specific geographic regions. Two examples were (i) the near exclusive association of the Av10.76 allele with Canadian cultivars and (ii) the high association of the Av10.58 allele with fall-planted cultivars. Fifty percent (SE ± 10.7%) of the fall-planted cultivars have the Av40.58 allele compared with 27.1% (SE ± 8.8%) of spring-planted cultivars.Key words: avenins, prolamines, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, linkage.

Preparation of an antibody against a maize DNA polymerase holoenzyme: identification of the polymerase catalytic subunit

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Coello-Coutiño ◽  
E. García-Ramírez ◽  
J. M. Vázquez-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Key Words Dna ◽  
Embryo Axes ◽  
Maize Embryo

Three different DNA polymerase activities can be separated from germinating maize axes through DEAE – cellulose chromatography. Of these, DNA polymerase 2 appears to be a replicative-type enzyme composed of several subunits. An antibody has been developed against the DNA polymerase 2 multisubunit complex, which mainly recognizes a polypeptide of molecular weight around 90 kDa. Polypeptides of molecular mass of 83, 70, 60, 55, 45, and 24 kDa are also recognized. Activity gels showed that the 90-kDa polypeptide possesses catalytic activity. DNA polymerases 1 and 3 are not recognized by the antibody and their activities are not reduced. However, DNA polymerase 2 activity is reduced by 70%. The nature of the different DNA polymerase accompanying subunits is discussed. Key words: DNA polymerases, maize embryo axes.

scholarly journals Sample Size, Library Composition, and Genotypic Diversity among Natural Populations of Escherichia coli from Different Animals Influence Accuracy of Determining Sources of Fecal Pollution

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4478-4485 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeeAnn K. Johnson ◽  
Mary B. Brown ◽  
Ethan A. Carruthers ◽  
John A. Ferguson ◽  
Priscilla E. Dombek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Dna Fingerprint ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Dna Fingerprints ◽  
Rarefaction Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Jackknife Analysis

ABSTRACT A horizontal, fluorophore-enhanced, repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR) DNA fingerprinting technique (HFERP) was developed and evaluated as a means to differentiate human from animal sources of Escherichia coli. Box A1R primers and PCR were used to generate 2,466 rep-PCR and 1,531 HFERP DNA fingerprints from E. coli strains isolated from fecal material from known human and 12 animal sources: dogs, cats, horses, deer, geese, ducks, chickens, turkeys, cows, pigs, goats, and sheep. HFERP DNA fingerprinting reduced within-gel grouping of DNA fingerprints and improved alignment of DNA fingerprints between gels, relative to that achieved using rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting. Jackknife analysis of the complete rep-PCR DNA fingerprint library, done using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, indicated that animal and human isolates were assigned to the correct source groups with an 82.2% average rate of correct classification. However, when only unique isolates were examined, isolates from a single animal having a unique DNA fingerprint, Jackknife analysis showed that isolates were assigned to the correct source groups with a 60.5% average rate of correct classification. The percentages of correctly classified isolates were about 15 and 17% greater for rep-PCR and HFERP, respectively, when analyses were done using the curve-based Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, rather than the band-based Jaccard algorithm. Rarefaction analysis indicated that, despite the relatively large size of the known-source database, genetic diversity in E. coli was very great and is most likely accounting for our inability to correctly classify many environmental E. coli isolates. Our data indicate that removal of duplicate genotypes within DNA fingerprint libraries, increased database size, proper methods of statistical analysis, and correct alignment of band data within and between gels improve the accuracy of microbial source tracking methods.

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