Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of a constructed wetland soil receiving dairy farm wastewater

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Jamieson ◽  
G. W. Stratton ◽  
R. Gordon ◽  
A. Madani
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Deep Zone ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Shallow Zone ◽  
Background Soil ◽  
P Removal

Adsorption to soil has been identified as a key wastewater P removal mechanism in treatment wetlands. Batch incubation experiments were performed to measure the capacity of a constructed dairy farm wetland in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, to remove P from solution. The constructed wetland had been receiving wastewater since 1996. Non-linear regression analysis was performed using the Langmuir adsorption model to describe the P adsorption characteristics for the wetland soil under study. The Langmuir model was adequate in describing the P adsorption characteristics of the system studied. The P adsorption maxima found were approximately 925, 924, and 1600 mg P kg-1 soil, for the deep zone soil, shallow zone soil, and a background soil (not receiving wastewater), respectively. The P adsorption maxima for the deep zone and shallow zone soils were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from one another, but were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the background soil. These data, together with information on wastewater inflow and P loading, were used to predict a lifespan of 8 yr for this wetland, relative to P removal. Key Words: Phosphorus, wetlands, constructed, adsorption, Langmuir, saturation

Evaluation of tephra for removing phosphorus from dairy farm drainage waters

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Hanly ◽  
M. J. Hedley ◽  
D. J. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Drainage Waters ◽  
P Removal

Research was conducted in the Manawatu region, New Zealand, to investigate the ability of Papakai tephra to remove phosphorus (P) from dairy farm mole and pipe drainage waters. The capacity of this tephra to adsorb P was quantified in the laboratory using a series of column experiments and was further evaluated in a field study. In a column experiment, the P adsorption capabilities of 2 particle size factions (0.25–1, 1–2 mm) of Papakai tephra were compared with that of an Allophanic Soil (Patua soil) known to have high P adsorption properties. The experiment used a synthetic P influent solution (12 mg P/L) and a solution residence time in the columns of c. 35 min. By the end of the experiment, the 0.25–1 mm tephra removed an estimated 2.6 mg P/g tephra at an average P removal efficiency of 86%. The 1–2 mm tephra removed 1.6 mg P/g tephra at an average removal efficiency of 58%. In comparison, the Patua soil removed 3.1 mg P/g soil at a P removal efficiency of 86%. Although, the Patua soil was sieved to 1–2 mm, this size range consisted of aggregates of finer particles, which is likely to have contributed to this material having a higher P adsorbing capacity. A field study was established on a Pallic Soil, under grazed dairy pastures, to compare drainage water P concentrations from standard mole and pipe drainage systems (control) and drainage systems incorporating Papakai tephra. The 2 tephra treatments involved filling mole channels with 1–4 mm tephra (Mole-fill treatment) or filling the trench above intercepting drainage pipes with ‘as received’ tephra (Back-fill treatment). Over an entire winter drainage season, the quantity of total P (TP) lost from the control treatment drainage system was 0.30 kg P/ha. The average TP losses for the Mole-fill and the Back-fill treatments were 45% and 47% lower than the control treatment, respectively.

scholarly journals The Effect of pH on Phosphorus Adsorption in Acidic Soils of Tsegede, Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haile Alene Tareke ◽  
Gebreyohannes Girmay Woldetensai ◽  
fisseha Hadgu Birhane
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Available P ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics

Abstract Background: Although soils in the acidic soils of Tsegede (Skeletic Leptosols, Cambic Leptosols, Leptic Cambisols and Dystric Cambisols) are characterized by low available P contents, study on P adsorption characteristics is limited information. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate P adsorption characteristics in different acidity ranges of soils. Material and method: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) was used for the adsorption isotherm studies by duplicating 3 g soil from each soil types at different acidity ranges of ten soil samples with 50 ml of P in 0.01 M CaCl2 solution having 0, 20, 40, 60, 80,100 mg P L-1. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to describe adsorption processes and the relationships between P adsorption and soil properties were determined by correlation. Results: Phosphorus adsorption increased significantly with increasing P levels and it increased as soil pH declines. The maximum and minimum P-adsorptions were obtained from very strongly acidic Skeletic Leptosols and from moderately acidic Dystric Cambisols, respectively. Comparing the two models, Langmuir linear model showed a better fit to the tested soils compared to Freundlich model. The regression coefficients (R2) for the fitted Langmuir P adsorption isotherms were highly significant ranging from (0.955 to 0.999) and the adsorption maxima obtained from the Langmuir isotherm ranged from 357 mg P kg-1 soil in strongly acidic Dystric Cambisols to 2500 mg P kg-1 soil in very strongly acidic Skeletic Leptosols. The bonding energy (k) for Langmuir adsorption model varied from 0.012 to 2.8 L mg-1 and both the highest (2.8 L mg-1) and lowest (0.012 L mg-1) k values were obtained from strongly and moderately acidic Dystric Cambisols. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) and organic carbon (OC) were positively correlated with the Langmuir adsorption maxima (b) and negatively correlated with available P and soil pH. Conclusion: Increments of soil pH using different amendments and their proper management in soils are important in making productive use and higher dose of P is required by soils with higher fixation. Alternative P management strategies are also needed to reduce P adsorption and enhance P availability in such acidic soils in the study areas.

scholarly journals Treatment of Combined Dairy and Domestic Wastewater with Constructed Wetland System in Sicily (Italy). Pollutant Removal Efficiency and Effect of Vegetation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Mario Licata ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Nicolò Iacuzzi ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Davide Farruggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Giant Reed

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

scholarly journals Organic residue, limestone, gypsum, and phosphorus adsorption by lowland soils

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Teixeira Andrade ◽  
Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes ◽  
Valdemar Faquin
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Gypsum Application

Organic residue application is a low cost alternative to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and correctives. In order to study the effect of organic residues, limestone and gypsum application on phosphorus adsorption by lowland soils, four experiments were carried out. A Mesic Organosol (OY), a Melanic Gleysol (MG), a Haplic Gleysol (GX), and a Fluvic Neosol (RU) were used in a completely randomized design and factorial scheme (3 x 2), with five replicates: three soil amendment practices (limestone, gypsum and no corrective) and two levels of organic residue (with and without corral manure). Soil samples were incubated for 60 days, with and without organic residue incorporation. After this period, we applied the corrective and incubated the soil for 30 days, then P and basic fertilization (macro and micronutrients) were applied and the soil was incubated for additional 60 days. Equilibrium phosphorus, maximum phosphate adsorption capacity, pH, exchangeable Al and phosphorus-buffering index were measured. Organic residue and limestone application increased soil pH and reduced exchangeable Al, decreasing P adsorption. Gypsum application did not increase the pH but reduced exchangeable Al and P adsorption.

scholarly journals DENSIDAD POBLACIONAL DE CUATRO ESPECIES DE ERIZO (ECHINODERMATA: ECHINOIDEA) EN EL ARRECIFE DE LA ENTREGA, OAXACA

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
P. Zamorano ◽  
G. E. Leyte-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Deep Zone ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Shallow Zone ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Shallow Part

De octubre de 2002 a agosto de 2003 se realizaron muestreos bimestrales de la abundancia de erizos en el arrecife de La Entrega. El arrecife fue dividido en dos profundidades (somero 0-6 m y profundo 6-12 m). En cada profundidad se realizaron seis transectos de 50 m de largo por 1 m de ancho. La mayor densidad anual correspondió a Diadema mexicanum (5.96±0.85 ind/m2), seguido de Eucidaris thouarsii (0.46±0.14 ind/m2); Echinometra vanbrunti y Toxopneustes roseus presentaron densidades bajas (0.03±0.01 ind/m2 y 0.02±0.01 ind/m2, respectivamente). Las cuatro poblaciones de erizos presentaron diferencias entre profundidades observándose mayor densidad en lo profundo; si consideramos la abundancia total de erizos en el arrecife, no se registraron diferencias temporales. Empero, al analizar por separado las profundidades, sólo E. thouarsii no presentó diferencias temporales en ambas profundidades. En diciembre, las densidades de D. mexicanum y E. thouarsii disminuyeron en lo profundo y aumentaron en lo somero, posiblemente porque sucedió una mortalidad coralina en lo somero del arrecife y el incremento de las algas motivó a estas especies a desplazarse a la parte dañada. Actualmente el arrecife de La Entrega se encuentra en avanzado estado de erosión lo que puede favorecer que la abundancia de erizos se incremente al igual que su actividad bioerosionadora. Population density of four species of sea urchin (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) at La Entrega Reef, Oaxaca Bimonthly samples of sea urchins fauna inhabiting the La Entrega Reef, Oaxaca, Mexico, were obtained from October 2002 to August 2003. The reef area was divided in two sampling zones, corresponding to shallow (0-6 m) and deep (6-12 m) water. Six transects of 50 m length by 1 m wide were sampled in each zone. Greatest annual density corresponded to Diadema mexicanum (5.96 ± 0.85 ind/m2),followed by Eucidaris thouarsii (0.46 ± 0.14 ind/m2); Echinometra vanbrunti and Toxopneustes roseus presented low densities (0.03 ± 0.01 indv/m2 and 0.02 ± 0.01 ind/m2, respectively). Density of the four populations varied considerably and higher densities were observed in the deep zone. Total abundance of sea urchins (shallow and deep samples) did not vary significantly over time. Abundance per depth range, however, was different over time for all species except for E. thouarsii. In December densities of D. mexicanum and E. thouarsii decreased in the deep zone and increased in the shallow zone, due to massive mortality of coral in the shallow part of the reef and to subsequent increase of algal coverage attracting these species to the shallowest part of the reef. The La Entrega reef is presently in an advanced state of erosion that could favor an increase of sea urchins abundance and of their bioerosion activity.

Upgrading constructed wetlands phosphorus reduction from a dairy effluent using electric arc furnace steel slag filters

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Weber ◽  
A. Drizo ◽  
E. Twohig ◽  
S. Bird ◽  
D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
P Removal

In 2003, a subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CW) system was built at the University of Vermont (UVM) Paul Miller Dairy Farm as an alternative nutrient management approach for treating barnyard runoff and milk parlour waste. Given the increasing problem of phosphorus (P) pollution in the Lake Champlain region, a slag based P-removal filter technology (PFT) was established (2004) at the CW with two objectives: (i) to test the filters' efficiency as an upgrade unit for improving P removal performance via SSF-CW (ii) to investigate the capacity of filters technology to remove P as a “stand alone” unit. Six individual filters (F1–F6) were filled with electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag, each containing 112.5 kg of material with a pore volume of 21 L. F1–F4, fed with CW treated water, received approximately 2.17 g DRP kg−1 EAF steel slag (0.25 kg DRP total) during the 259 day feeding period. F1–F4 retained 1.7 g DRP kg−1 EAF steel slag, resulting in an average P removal efficiency of 75%. The addition of filters improved CW DRP removal efficiency by 74%. F5 and F6, fed non-treated water, received 1.9 g DRP kg−1 EAF steel slag (0.22 kg DRP in total) and retained 1.5 g DRP kg−1 resulting in a P removal efficiency of 72%. The establishment of the EAF slag based PFT is the first in-field evaluation of this technology to reduce P from dairy farm effluent in Vermont.

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