scholarly journals Treatment of Combined Dairy and Domestic Wastewater with Constructed Wetland System in Sicily (Italy). Pollutant Removal Efficiency and Effect of Vegetation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Mario Licata ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Nicolò Iacuzzi ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Davide Farruggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Giant Reed

Dairy wastewater (DWW) contains large amounts of mineral and organic compounds, which can accumulate in soil and water causing serious environmental pollution. A constructed wetland (CW) is a sustainable technology for the treatment of DWW in small-medium sized farms. This paper reports a two-year study on the performance of a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow system for DWW treatment in Sicily (Italy). The CW system covered a total surface area of 100 m2 and treated approximately 6 m3 per day of wastewater produced by a small dairy farm, subsequent to biological treatment. Removal efficiency (RE) of the system was calculated. The biomass production of two emergent macrophytes was determined and the effect of plant growth on organic pollutant RE was recorded. All DWW parameters showed significant differences between inlet and outlet. For BOD5 and COD, RE values were 76.00% and 62.00%, respectively. RE for total nitrogen (50.70%) was lower than that of organic compounds. RE levels of microbiological parameters were found to be higher than 80.00%. Giant reed produced greater biomass than umbrella sedge. A seasonal variation in RE of organic pollutants was recorded due to plant growth rate Our findings highlight the efficient use of a CW system for DWW treatment in dairy-cattle farms.

Evaluation of constructed wetlands by wastewater purification ability and greenhouse gas emissions

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gui ◽  
R. Inamori ◽  
M. Matsumura ◽  
Y. Inamori
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Gas Emissions

Domestic wastewater is a significant source of nitrogen and phosphorus, which cause lake eutrophication. Among the wastewater treatment technologies, constructed wetlands are a promising low-cost means of treating point and diffuse sources of domestic wastewater in rural areas. However, the sustainable operation of constructed wetland treatment systems depends upon a high rate conversion of organic and nitrogenous loading into their metabolic gaseous end products, such as N2O and CH4. In this study, we examined and compared the performance of three typical types of constructed wetlands: Free Water Surface (FWS), Subsurface Flow (SF) and Vertical Flow (VF) wetlands. Pollutant removal efficiency and N2O and CH4 emissions were assessed as measures of performance. We found that the pollutant removal rates and gas emissions measured in the wetlands exhibited clear seasonal changes, and these changes were closely associated with plant growth. VF wetlands exhibited stable removal of organic pollutants and NH3-N throughout the experiment regardless of season and showed great potential for CH4 adsorption. SF wetlands showed preferable T-N removal performance and a lower risk of greenhouse gas emissions than FWS wetlands. Soil oxidation reduction potential (ORP) analysis revealed that water flow structure and plant growth influenced constructed wetland oxygen transfer, and these variations resulted in seasonal changes of ORP distribution inside wetlands that were accompanied by fluctuations in pollutant removal and greenhouse gas emissions.

scholarly journals Constructed Wetlands as Sustainable Technology for the Treatment and Reuse of the First-Flush Stormwater in Agriculture—A Case Study in Sicily (Italy)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Tuttolomondo ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Mario Licata ◽  
Claudio Leto ◽  
Salvatore La Bella
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Aesthetic Characteristics

This paper describes a case study that was carried out on a Sicilian company (Italy) dealing with separate waste collection and recycling of glass. The aims of this study were to evaluate the overall efficiency of a vertical subsurface flow system (VSSFs) constructed wetland (CW) operating for the treatment of first-flush stormwater and the effects of treated wastewater on the morphological and aesthetic characteristics of ornamental pepper and rosemary plants. The system had a total surface area of 46.80 m2 and was planted with common reed and giant reed. Wastewater samples were taken from October 2018 to July 2019 at the CW inlet and outlet for chemical-physical and microbiological characterization of the wastewater. Two separate experimental fields of rosemary and ornamental pepper were set up in another Sicilian location. Three sources of irrigation water, two accessions of rosemary and two varieties of ornamental pepper were tested in a split-plot design for a two-factor experiment. The results showed very high organic pollutant removal (BOD5 75–83%, COD 65–69%) and a good efficiency of nutrients (TN 60–66%) and trace metals (especially for Cu and Zn) removal. Escherichia coli concentration levels were always lower than 100 CFU 100 mL−1 during the test period. Irrigation water and plant habitus had significant effects on all the morphological and aesthetic characteristics of the plants. For both the crops, plants irrigated with freshwater and treated wastewater had greater growth and showed a better general appearance in comparison with plants irrigated with wastewater. The higher trace metal levels in the wastewater produced adverse effects on plant growth and reduced the visual quality of the plants. Our results suggest the suitability of a VSSFs constructed wetland for the treatment of first-flush stormwater and the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes, in accordance with legislation requirements concerning wastewater quality.

Immersed Membrane BioReactor (IMBR) for treatment of combined domestic and dairy wastewater in an isolated farm

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bick ◽  
J.G.P. Tuttle ◽  
S. Shandalov ◽  
G. Oron
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Permeate Flux

In many regions dairy farms and milk processing industries discharge large quantities of their wastes to the surroundings posing serious environmental risks. This problem is mostly faced in small dairy farms and isolated communities lacking both central collection and conventional wastewater treatment systems. Dairy wastewater is characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, solids, nutrients, as well as fractions of dissolved inorganic pollutants, exceeding those levels considered typical for high strength domestic wastewaters. With the purpose of treating the combined dairy and domestic wastewater from a small dairy farm in the Negev Desert of Israel, the use of a recent emerging technology of Immersed Membrane BioReactor (IMBR) was evaluated over the course of 500 test hours, under a variety of wastewater feed quality conditions (during the test periods, the feed BOD5 ranged from 315 ppm up to 4,170 ppm). The overall performance of a pilot-scale Ultrafiltration (UF) IMBR process for a combined domestic and dairy wastewater was analyzed based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The IMBR performance in terms of membrane performance (permeate flux, transmembrane pressure, and organic removal) and DEA model (Technical Efficiency) was acceptable. DEA is an empirically based methodology and the research approach has been found to be effective in the depiction and analysis for complex systems, where a large number of mutual interacting variables are involved.

Effect of media variation on the removal efficiency of pollutants from domestic wastewater in constructed wetland systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 105668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi Ebrahim Khalifa ◽  
Yasmeen Gaber Abou El-Reash ◽  
Mohamed I. Ahmed ◽  
Fady W. Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Domestic Wastewater

scholarly journals Reliability and Efficiency of Pollutant Removal in Four-Stage Constructed Wetland of SSVF-SSHF-SSHF-SSVF Type

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3153
Author(s):  
Magdalena Gizińska-Górna ◽  
Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski ◽  
Michał Marzec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Very High

The present paper reports pollutant removal efficiencies and reliability for a four-stage hybrid constructed wetland (HCW) consisting of the following sequence of subsurface (SS), vertical flow (VF) and horizontal flow (HF) beds: SSVF-SSHF-SSHF-SSVF. The experiments were carried out over a period of three years, with sampling done in each season: winter, spring, summer and autumn. Grab samples of wastewater collected from different stages of treatment were tested for total suspended solids (TSS), BOD5, COD, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The wetland was found to have a very high efficiency of removal of suspended solids and organics, with relatively little seasonal variability. The three-year average TSS removal efficiency was approximately 92.7%. The effectiveness of elimination of organic compounds was very high throughout the study period at 96.6% BOD5 and 95% COD. The effluent from the four-stage system had significantly lower contents of TN and TP compared to the wastewater discharged from the first two beds of this facility.

Kinetic Analysis of COD Removal from Actual Domestic Wastewater in an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1691-1695
Author(s):  
Chun Juan Dong ◽  
Qing Ye Pan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pollutant Removal Rate

Treatment of actual domestic wastewater at ambient temperature, even low temperature is considered to be difficult by traditional systems. The present study is related to treatment of actual domestic wastewater in an EGSB reactor. The study showed the effectiveness of biological treatment of actual domestic wastewater involving appropriate microorganism and granules in an EGSB reactor. At 26°C, the reactor was operated at 18.7kg COD.m−3.d−1 of average organic loading and 83% high COD removal efficiency, and even at the highest loading rate of 57.12kgCOD.m−3.d−1, the COD removal efficiency still could attain to 68%. Varied influent flow need to supply varied optimal and thus to ensure the optimal removal effect. Low temperature would cause pollutant removal rate decrease. However, enhancing could optimize the contact of sludge and wastewater and thus strengthen the performance effect. Modified Stover–Kincannon model was applied to data obtained from experimental studies in EGSB reactor. Treatment efficiencies of the reactor were investigated at different hydraulic retention times (0.5-1.3h) and different operation temperature (15°C, 26°C). The modified Stover–Kincannon model was best fitted to the EGSB reactor, and the substrate utilization rate( ), saturation constant value( ), and actual pollutant removal rate( ) were found to be , , and for 26°C, , , and for 15°C( before increasing ), and , , and for 15°C(after increasing ). Low temperature could cause decrease and thus cause distinct decreasing of COD removal efficiency. However, increasing could increase and accordingly increase COD removal efficiency.

Plant growth and nutrient uptake in treatment wetlands for water with low pollutant concentration

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1072-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Vincent ◽  
Kankan Shang ◽  
Guowei Zhang ◽  
Florent Chazarenc ◽  
Jacques Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Urban Stormwater Quality

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine how macrophytes commonly used in treatment wetlands (TWs) respond to water with low pollutant concentration. We measured pollutant removal efficiency and compared growth and nutrient uptake of five macrophytes in demonstration scale units (volume >40 m3) irrigated by water with pollutant concentrations representative of average urban stormwater quality. All species showed a strong productivity gradient along the beds, starting with high biomass – high density near the inlet, then decreasing progressively with distance. Cyperus was by far the most productive species. Phragmites and Thalia had higher biomass in the first few metres of the beds than Typha and Arundo. In terms of pollutant removal, decreasing plant growth may be interpreted as indicative of high efficiency when caused by nutrient depletion. Differences in aboveground biomass between species did not translate into measurable differences in removal efficiency at the outlet. Although Phragmites australis is the species most commonly used in TWs, under the low nutrient load, Cyperus had twice its biomass, and higher N and P uptake. These results highlight the importance of considering wastewater characteristics when selecting macrophyte species for TWs.

Performance Evaluation of the Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland with Ipomoea Aquatica Plant for Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohammed Osman ◽  
Xi Wu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow

In this study, the performance treatment of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSFCW) was evaluated. The HSFCW built as a tertiary treatment process after the biological reactors to improve the effluent quality. The HSFCW system was operated with different hydraulic loading rates (HLRs) ranged from 0.15 to 0.333 m3/ (m2.d) to assess their influence on removal efficiency. During the system operation time, the average temperature was ranged of 22.3 to 31.2 °C and pH ranges was 7.3 – 8.1. The Ipomoea aquatica (Chinese spinach) planted into HSFCW system and the growth parameters during the experimental operation observed. The Ipomoea aquatica growth parameters such as the plant height, a fresh and dry weights were monitored and measured. The influent and effluent of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were examined. The removal efficiency for all parameters showed decreased with an increase in HLR from 0.15 to 0.333 m3/ (m2.day). The results demonstrated that the average removal efficiency of the COD, NH4-N, TN and TP during system operation is 52.9%, 64.6%, 58.2% and 72.8% respectively. These results confirm that the HSFCW has a good efficient in treatment and can be used for the nutrients and organic matter removal from the domestic wastewater.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of an integrated biofilm and phytoremediation system with Nasturtium officinale for the treatment of municipal wastewater in Huancavelica

TAYACAJA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Adiel Álvarez Ticllasuca ◽  
Marco Curasma Matamoros ◽  
Estefani Sandoval Condori ◽  
Fernando Toribio Román
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

In this research removal efficiency was evaluated of organic pollutants of a biofilm and phytoremediation integrated system for municipal wastewater treatment in Huancavelica. A pilot plant consisting of a settler was installed that also retained oils and fats, a biological filter using as support material the calcareous stuff and a phytoremediation process with Nasturtium officinale (watercress) The hydraulic retention time was 5.5 hours and the flowrate of 0.011 L s -1, the evaluation was made of the proper functioning of processes by monitoring control parameters. The pollutant removal efficiency was determined by Student's "t" test (p <0.05). An average pH value of 7.57 and a temperature of 12.07 ° C were obtained, subsequently the measurement of BOD5 was initiated, obtaining maximum effluent values of 131 ppm and minimum values of 45 ppm and a removal efficiency of 44.8% was obtained, for COD. In total coliforms, fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli the removal was 66.67%, 94.59%, 81.22% and 72.12% respectively, oil and fat analysis was also performed and total suspended solids, however high removal efficiency was not obtained. It is concluded that the parameters of BOD5 and COD comply with the MPL for the effluents of municipal domestic wastewater treatment plants, while the rest of the parameters analyzed do not comply with the regulations. however high removal efficiency was not obtained. It is concluded that the parameters of BOD5 and COD comply with the MPL for the effluents of municipal domestic wastewater treatment plants, while the rest of the parameters analyzed do not comply with the regulations. however high removal efficiency was not obtained. It is concluded that the parameters of BOD5 and COD comply with the MPL for the effluents of municipal domestic wastewater treatment plants, while the rest of the parameters analyzed do not comply with the regulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document