scholarly journals Avian Botulism Type C in a Commercial Poultry Farm: First Report in Central America

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Rodriguez Cavallini ◽  
Diana Lopez Urena ◽  
Tania Roman ◽  
Carlos Quesada Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
First Report ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Type C ◽  
Avian Botulism

Avian botulism in winter and spring and the stability of Clostridium botulinum type C toxin

1978 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Graham ◽  
G. Smith ◽  
E. Borland ◽  
J. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Botulinum Type ◽  
Type C ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Avian Botulism

scholarly journals Avian botulism at a sugar beet processing plant inSouth Moravia (CzechRepublic)

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 443-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hubalek ◽  
V. Skorpikova ◽  
D. Horal
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Botulinum Type ◽  
Philomachus Pugnax ◽  
Vanellus Vanellus ◽  
Type C ◽  
South Moravia ◽  
Avian Botulism

An episode of mortality in waterbirds occurred on a sedimentation reservoir with effluents from the sugar beet processing plant at Hrusovany n.J. (South Moravia, Czech Republic) in summer 2003: tens of black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus), several lapwings (Vanellus vanellus), one little ringed plover (Charadrius dubius), one ruff (Philomachus pugnax), one wood sandpiper (Tringa glareola), and two avocets (Recurvirostra avosetta) died. One of the two avocets and the plover, local breeders, were examined and found positive for Clostridium botulinum type C toxin by use of the toxin-neutralization test. Avocet is classified as a rare bird species according to Red Book data and is listed as critically endangered species in theCzechRepublic, and is therefore protected. Avian botulism can occasionally cause deleterious effects to waterbird fauna and its protection.

scholarly journals Outbreak of avian botulism in a backyard poultry farming / Surto de botulismo aviário em criação de aves domésticas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5663-5668
Author(s):  
Ana Lívia Vasconcelos De Sousa ◽  
Nathálya Lima Duarte ◽  
Diogo Mendonça Barth Pacini ◽  
Fernanda Campos Ilorca ◽  
Ana Maria de Souza Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Type C ◽  
Microscopic Findings ◽  
Avian Botulism ◽  
Poultry Farming

The purpose of this study is to report an outbreak of avian botulism in backyard poultry farming. In 2019, a botulism outbreak in a flock of laying hens was investigated in Brazil. In the flock of 30 hens, clinical signs of botulism occurred after they ate decaying vegetables. A type C botulism outbreak was confirmed using the mouse lethality assay for detection of botulinum toxin in serum and ELISA test to detect Clostridium botulinum in intestinal contents and serum. Botulism in laying hens has rarely been reported. The chickens developed cyanotic comb and wattle, dyspnea, different degrees of flaccid paralysis in the neck, and detachment of feathers. No macroscopic lesions were observed, as were microscopic findings. The chicken's serum was neutralized by C antitoxin, confirming the botulism diagnosis, and also toxin was detected in intestinal contents.

scholarly journals First report of naturalization of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. 1783 (Piperales: Saururaceae) in South America

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy José Válka Alves ◽  
Débora Medeiros ◽  
Ricardo Loyola de Moura ◽  
Luiza Carla Trindade de Gusmão ◽  
Nílber Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
National Park ◽  
First Record ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
Established Population

A relatively large and established population of Houttuynia cordata from Itatiaia National Park in Brazil represents the first record of naturalized Saururaceae in South America. Although the species is potentially invasive, unknown mechanisms have prevented its spread to other localities between 1940, when it was recorded in cultivation in Brazil, and the present. The nearest known naturalized population is situated 5,600 km away, in Costa Rica, Central America.

scholarly journals Development of An Innovative and Quick Method for the Isolation of Clostridium botulinum Strains Involved in Avian Botulism Outbreaks

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibault Le Gratiet ◽  
Typhaine Poezevara ◽  
Sandra Rouxel ◽  
Emmanuelle Houard ◽  
Christelle Mazuet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Type C ◽  
Avian Botulism

Avian botulism is a serious neuroparalytic disease mainly caused by a type C/D botulinum neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum group III, one of the entwined bacterial species from the Clostridium novyi sensu lato genospecies. Its isolation is very challenging due to the absence of selective media and the instability of the phage carrying the gene encoding for the neurotoxin. The present study describes the development of an original method for isolating C. botulinum group III strains. Briefly, this method consists of streaking the InstaGene matrix extraction pellet on Egg Yolk Agar plates and then collecting the colonies with lipase and lecithinase activities. Using this approach, it was possible to isolate 21 C. novyi sensu lato strains from 22 enrichment broths of avian livers, including 14 toxic strains. This method was successfully used to re-isolate type C, D, C/D, and D/C strains from liver samples spiked with five spores per gram. This method is cheap, user-friendly, and reliable. It can be used to quickly isolate toxic strains involved in avian botulism with a 64% success rate and C. novyi sensu lato with a 95% rate. This opens up new perspectives for C. botulinum genomic research, which will shed light on the epidemiology of avian botulism.

First Report of Squash vein yellowing virus in Watermelon in Guatemala

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyamperumal Jeyaprakash ◽  
Carlye A. Baker ◽  
Timothy S. Schubert ◽  
Ismael E. Badillo-Vargas ◽  
Pamela D. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
First Report ◽  
Yellowing Virus

Watermelon and other cucurbits are important crops grown in Guatemala for local consumption and export. This is the first report of SqVYV infecting watermelon in Central America. Accepted for publication 14 July 2015. Published 15 July 2015.

scholarly journals Minimizing an outbreak of avian botulism (Clostridium botulinum type C) in Incheon, South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidong SON ◽  
Yong Kwan KIM ◽  
Chanjin WOO ◽  
Seung-Jun WANG ◽  
Youngsik KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Type C ◽  
Avian Botulism

scholarly journals Direct transmission of Escherichia coli from poultry to humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ojeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

SUMMARYEight hundred and sixty-four Escherichia coli isolates from workers at the University of Ibadan Teaching and Research Poultry Farm, and 216 isolates from poultry attendants at a commercial poultry farm in the city were found to be resistant to streptomycin, sulphafurazole and tetracycline. In contrast, all 576 and 288 E. coli isolates from village fowls and from villagers respectively were sensitive to these drugs. Isolates from birds in a modern university poultry unit (3744) exhibited the same resistance patterns as those isolated from workers who were in direct contact with the birds. No nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli was isolated from farm workers prior to their assignment to the experimental pen. Following experimental oral infection of birds with E. coli K12 J5 NA Lac, the organism was recovered from the workers who manned the experimental pen. Neither before nor after the experimental infection was any nalidixic acid resistant E. coli isolated from workers who manned the pen from which birds used in the experiment were selected. Similarly, no drug resistant organisms were isolated from workers outside the poultry unit of the university or commercial farm. The MIC of the drugs against the avian and human E. coli isolates at the university and commercial poultry farms were similar.

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