An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An Emerging Global Opportunistic Pathogen

ABSTRACT Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, classified by the World Health Organization as one of the leading multidrug-resistant organisms in hospital settings. The need to discover novel compounds and/or combination therapies for S. maltophilia is urgent. We demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) against S. maltophilia and kinetically characterize the inhibition of the L2 β-lactamase by avibactam. ATM-AVI overcomes aztreonam resistance in selected clinical strains of S. maltophilia, addressing an unmet medical need.

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The global phylogenetic landscape and nosocomial spread of the multidrug-resistant opportunist Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

10.1101/748954 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Matthias I Gröschel ◽

Conor J Meehan ◽

Ivan Barilar ◽

Margo Diricks ◽

Aitor Gonzaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Global Level ◽

Global Spread ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

Globally Distributed ◽

Hospital Transmission

AbstractRecent studies portend a rising global spread and adaptation of human- or healthcare-associated pathogens. Here, we analysed an international collection of the emerging, multidrug-resistant, opportunistic pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from 22 countries to infer population structure and clonality at a global level. We show that the S. maltophilia complex is divided into 23 monophyletic lineages, most of which harboured strains of all degrees of human virulence. Lineage Sm6 comprised the highest rate of human-associated strains, linked to key virulence and resistance genes. Transmission analysis identified potential outbreak events of genetically closely related strains isolated within days or weeks in the same hospitals.One Sentence SummaryThe S. maltophilia complex comprises genetically diverse, globally distributed lineages with evidence for intra-hospital transmission.

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Successful Treatment of Bloodstream Infection Due to Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a Renal Transplant Patient

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00264-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (9) ◽

pp. 5130-5134 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Maria F. Mojica ◽

Christopher P. Ouellette ◽

Amy Leber ◽

M. Brian Becknell ◽

Monica I. Ardura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Transplant ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Conventional Treatment ◽

Renal Transplant Patient ◽

Transplant Patient ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Colistimethate Sodium ◽

Novel Drug

ABSTRACTStenotrophomonas maltophiliais an emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogen for which new antibiotic options are urgently needed. We report our clinical experience treating a 19-year-old renal transplant recipient who developed prolonged bacteremia due to metallo-β-lactamase-producingS. maltophiliarefractory to conventional treatment. The infection recurred despite a prolonged course of colistimethate sodium (colistin) but resolved with the use of a novel drug combination with clinical efficacy against the patient'sS. maltophiliaisolate.

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Substances based on natural fungal compounds inhibit the biofilm of various Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates

10.5194/biofilms9-53 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mirja Gudzuhn ◽

Ifey Alio ◽

Jörg Steinmann ◽

Nina Schützenmeister ◽

Wolfgang R. Streit

Keyword(s):

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Microtiter Plate ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Reduction Effect ◽

Biofilm Structure ◽

The Impact ◽

Globally Distributed ◽

Human Specific

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug resistant human nosocomial opportunistic pathogen. It contributes to disease progression in cystic fibrosis patients and is found in wounds, other infected tissues and on catheter surfaces. S. maltophilia is globally distributed and forms 23 distinct phylogenetic clusters (1, 2). Due to its multidrug resistance, it is extremely difficult to heal S. maltophilia caused infections. Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic against multidrug resistant pathogens. However, this study reveals that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin varies strongly between 22 tested clinical isolates by ranging from 6.25 - >100 &#181;g/ml. The minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) was detected to be much higher. On 41% of the isolates, colistin proved to be very effective on planktonic cells (MIC-value &#8804;6.25 &#181;g/ml), but less effective on biofilm cells represented by only 18% of the isolates (MBIC-value <100 &#181;g/ml). Thus, we screened for substances, which prevented specifically the biofilm formation or were involved in the removal of established biofilms. We identified several natural fungal compounds and synthetically produced analogues that affect the biofilm of S.&#160;maltophilia. In microtiter plate assays, the three substances HH-R6, HH-R8 and HH-R9, which belong to the rubrolides, had with 63 - 83 % the strongest biofilm reduction effect on the biofilm of S.&#160;maltophilia K279a. However, microscopy of the biofilms still revealed some living adhered cells although the biofilm structure was strongly impaired. Furthermore, the antibiofilm effect and the impact on the biofilm structure varied strongly among different clinical S. maltophilia isolates. Ongoing transcriptome analyses are expected to shed light on the biofilm inhibiting mechanism of these substances and to get further evidences how they can be used in a clinical setting in the future. &#160; 1 &#160; Steinmann J., Mamat U., Abda E.M., et al. Analysis of Phylogenetic Variation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Reveals Human-Specific Branches. Front Microbiol. 2018, 9:806 (2018). doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00806 2 &#160; Gr&#246;schel, M.I., Meehan, C.J., Barilar, I. et al. The phylogenetic landscape and nosocomial spread of the multidrug-resistant opportunist Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Nat Commun 11, 2044 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15123-0

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Characterization of Maltocin P28, a Novel Phage Tail-Like Bacteriocin from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01648-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (18) ◽

pp. 5593-5600 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jian Liu ◽

Peng Chen ◽

Congyi Zheng ◽

Yu-Ping Huang

Keyword(s):

Gene Cluster ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Gene Organization ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Proteinase K ◽

Major Protein ◽

Content Type ◽

Phage Tail

ABSTRACTStenotrophomonas maltophiliais an important global opportunistic pathogen for which limited therapeutics are available because of the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. A novel bacteriocin, maltocin P28, which is produced byS. maltophiliastrain P28, may be the first identified phage tail-like bacteriocin fromS. maltophilia. Maltocin P28 resembles a contractile but nonflexible phage tail structure based on electron microscopy, and it is sensitive to trypsin, proteinase K, and heat. SDS-PAGE analysis of maltocin P28 revealed two major protein bands of approximately 43 and 20 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid residues of these two major subunits were sequenced, and the maltocin P28 gene cluster was located on theS. maltophiliaP28 chromosome. Our sequence analysis results indicate that this maltocin gene cluster consists of 23 open reading frames (ORFs), and that its gene organization is similar to that of the P2 phage genome and R2 pyocin gene cluster. ORF17 and ORF18 encode the two major structural proteins, which correspond to gpFI (tail sheath) and gpFII (tail tube) of P2 phage, respectively. We found that maltocin P28 had bactericidal activity against 38 of 81 testedS. maltophiliastrains. Therefore, maltocin P28 is a promising therapeutic substitute for antibiotics forS. maltophiliainfections.

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen in the immunocompromised host

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2017-221053 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. bcr-2017-221053 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emily Baumrin ◽

Evan W Piette ◽

Robert G Micheletti

Keyword(s):

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Immunocompromised Host ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant

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Draft Genome Sequence of the Multidrug-Resistant Strain Stenotrophomonas maltophilia N0320, Isolated from a Commercial Nanoparticle Product

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00914-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (43) ◽

Author(s):

Miseon Park ◽

Christine V. Summage-West ◽

Lillie M. Sims ◽

Sung-Guk Kim

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Hospital Infections ◽

Content Type ◽

Multidrug Resistant Strain

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that is frequently associated with hospital infections. We report the 4.8-Mbp draft genome sequence of the oxidase-positive S. maltophilia strain N0320, an isolate from a commercial hydroxyapatite nanoparticle product.

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Treatment of Polymicrobial Osteomyelitis with Ceftolozane-Tazobactam: Case Report and Sensitivity Testing of Isolates

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2016/1628932 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeffrey C. Jolliff ◽

Jackie Ho ◽

Jeremiah Joson ◽

Arash Heidari ◽

Royce Johnson

Keyword(s):

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Case Reports ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Generation Cephalosporin ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽

Sensitivity Testing ◽

Lactamase Inhibitor

Stenotrophomonas maltophiliais an inherently multidrug resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogen with many mechanisms of resistance. SENTRY studies reveal decreasing sensitivities ofS. maltophiliato trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones. Ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa, Merck & Co., Inc.) a novel intravenous combination agent of a third-generation cephalosporin andβ-lactamase inhibitor was demonstrated to havein vitroactivity against many Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and MDR organisms. Data for ceftolozane-tazobactam’s use outside of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved indications has been limited thus far to two case reports which demonstrated its efficacy in pan-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosapneumonia. Herein, we describe the first published case of treatment of MDRS. maltophiliain polymicrobial osteomyelitis with long-term (>14 days) ceftolozane-tazobactam and metronidazole. Ceftolozane-tazobactam may offer a possible alternative for clinicians faced with limited options in the treatment of resistant pathogens including MDRS. maltophilia.

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Gene flow, recombination, and positive selection in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: mechanisms underlying the diversity of the widespread opportunistic pathogen

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2016-0073 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (12) ◽

pp. 1063-1075 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dong Yu ◽

Zhiqiu Yin ◽

Beiping Li ◽

Yuan Jin ◽

Hongguang Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Selection ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Evolutionary Dynamics ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Genomic Diversity ◽

Genome Diversity ◽

Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽

A Genome

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a global multidrug-resistant human opportunistic pathogen in clinical environments. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is also ubiquitous in aqueous environments, soil, and plants. Various molecular typing methods have revealed that S. maltophilia exhibits high levels of phenotypic and genotypic diversity. However, information regarding the genomic diversity within S. maltophilia and the corresponding genetic mechanisms resulting in said diversity remain scarce. The genome sequences of 17 S. maltophilia strains were selected to investigate the mechanisms contributing to genetic diversity at the genome level. The core and large pan-genomes of the species were first estimated, resulting in a large, open pan-genome. A species phylogeny was also reconstructed based on 344 orthologous genes with one copy per genome, and the contribution of four evolutionary mechanisms to the species genome diversity was quantified: 15%–35% of the genes showed evidence for recombination, 0%–25% of the genes in one genome were likely gained, 0%–44% of the genes in some genomes were likely lost, and less than 0.3% of the genes in a genome were under positive selection pressures. We observed that, among the four main mechanisms, homologous recombination plays a key role in maintaining diversity in S. maltophilia. In this study, we provide an overview of evolution in S. maltophilia to provide a better understanding of its evolutionary dynamics and its relationship with genome diversity.

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Oral Infection Caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A Rare Presentation of an Emerging Opportunistic Pathogen

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2020/6346120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Marcelo Prates ◽

Fernando Fernandes ◽

Francisco Proença ◽

Yashad Mussá ◽

Ana Tavares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Oral Infection ◽

Immunosuppressed Patient ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Rare Presentation

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen with an increasing incidence of nosocomial and community-acquired infection cases, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. Oral cavity infections are rare. To learn more about this infection, a case of oral cavity infection caused by S. maltophilia in an immunosuppressed patient under ventilatory therapy has been presented. The patient presented with multiple nonpainful erosive lesions of the tongue, palate, and oral mucosa. A smear of the oral lesions was performed that revealed the presence of S. maltophilia and Candida albicans, and the patient was treated with fluconazole and sulfamethoxazole associated with trimethoprim in accordance with the antimicrobial susceptibility testing. After 14 days of antibiotic therapy, there were almost no signs of the previous lesions.

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