scholarly journals Diversity, Length-Weight Relations, and Condition Factor of Sea Cucumbers in Three Coastal Areas Along the Southern Coast of Sri Lanka: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 575-588
Author(s):  
Lalith Kumara Thiththagalle Gamage ◽  
Gajahin Gamage Nadeeka Thushari ◽  
Keerthi Sri Senevirathna Atapaththu ◽  
Rasika Sampath Kumara Hewa Kondaramage ◽  
Jayan Duminda Mahesh Senevirathna
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Holothuria Atra

Economically and ecologically important ecosystems that consist of diverse finfish and shellfish resources are found along the southern coast of Sri Lanka. Thus, the current study intends in assessing the species diversity, length-weight (L-W) relationships, and condition factor of sea cucumber stocks in selected coastal sites of southern Sri Lanka. The diversity of sea cucumber species was surveyed using the systematic sampling technique in three selected sites (Bandaramulla, Mirissa, and Weligama) during February-December 2019. The growth pattern of each species was identified using a least-squares regression model computed for length-weight relationships. Fulton’s condition factor (K) was analysed for each species. There were four common sea cucumber species (Holothuria atra - Lolly Fish, Bohadschia marmorata - White Thread fish, Actinipyga miliaris- Deep Water Blackfish, and Thelenota ananas- Prickly Redfish) in study sites, while Holothuria atra and Bohadschia marmorata were recorded as the most abundant species. The length-weight relationship derived for the above four species exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern (“b” < “3”), indicating faster length increment compared to weight. The habitat qualities of all sea cucumber species were in optimum environmental condition. Our findings would benefit as baseline data for implementing sustainable management practices of sea cucumber resources.

scholarly journals Sea cucumber community in the coastal area of the Bahoi Village,West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Andia Tri Fritama Lumbu ◽  
Lawrence J. L. Lumingas ◽  
Gaspar D. Manu
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Holothuria Scabra ◽  
Research Site ◽  
Holothuria Atra

This research is conducted in the coastal waters of Bahoi Village, West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District with the aims to know the types of sea-related environmental factors in the research site and know the community structure of the sea cucumber including the density, Index of diversity, dominance index, and distribution patterns. Data collection was done by using the line transect method, and sampling technique by using quadrat. The results of the study found 5 species of sea cucumber i.e. Holothuria atra,  Holothuria scabra,  Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites, and  Bohadschia vitiensis. The individual density of all species is 0.12 ind/m2, and the diversity index (H ') 0.950. The value of the similarity index/compatibility obtained is e = 0.918. The result of the calculated dominance index of sea cucumber species is 1.0 and the pattern of spreading species of sea cucumber in the research site shows a random spread pattern because the value of dispersion index  (I) approaches 1 (one). Keywords: community; Sea cucumber; Bahoi; Dominance; Diversity.AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pantai desa Bahoi, Kecamatan Likupang Barat, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis teripang yang ada di lokasi penelitian dan mengetahui struktur komunitas teripang yang meliputi kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks dominasi, dan pola penyebaran. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode line transek, dan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan kuadrat. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 5 spesies teripang yaitu Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites dan Bohadschia vitiensis. Kepadatan individu dari seluruh spesies yaitu 0,12 ind/m2, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 0,950. Nilai indeks kemerataan/keserasian diperoleh nilai indeks e = 0,918. nilai indeks dominasi spesies teripang diperoleh 1,0 dan pola penyebaran spesies teripang dilokasi penelitian menunjukkan pola sebaran acak (random) dikarenakan nilai indeks dispersi (I) mendekati 1 (satu).Kata Kunci : Komunitas; Teripang; Perairan Bahoi; Dominasi; Keanekaragaman

scholarly journals Employee’s Learning in the Organization - A Study of Knowledge Based Industries

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Ravindra Hewa Kuruppuge ◽  
Ales Gregar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Industrial Firms ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Database Administration ◽  
Network Administration

Abstract This paper focuses on reviewing the learning behavior of individual employees in the firm over other influencing factors in knowledge-based industries in Sri Lanka. Using a stratified random sampling technique, a sample of 143 employees from jobs in Database Administration & Development, Systems & Network Administration, Web Development & Programming and Software Engineering was selected as respondents for the survey from 13 knowledge based industrial firms in Sri Lanka. After a descriptive analysis of the characteristics of respondents, the causal relationships among predictor and outcome variables were tested using the partial least squares regression method. The results indicated that the use of digital methods, digital tools, organizational identification and knowledge sharing are positively influenced by employee’s learning in the firm. Yet, the employee’s turnover intention has negatively influenced employee learning.

Present status of the commercial sea cucumber fishery off the north-west and east coasts of Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C.T. Dissanayake ◽  
G. Stefansson
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Holothuria Atra

The sea cucumber fishery has been providing an important means of livelihood to the coastal fishing communities in Sri Lanka for centuries. Stock status, level of exploitation and mortality parameters of eleven commercial sea cucumber species were studied off the north-west and the east coasts of Sri Lanka using data collected from an underwater visual census and fishery-dependent surveys carried out in 2008 and 2009. The total abundance of sea cucumbers was higher in the north-west than the east (P < 0.01). However, the total abundance of all the species declined between 2008 and 2009. The commercial fishery predominantly relies on two nocturnal species: Holothuria spinifera and Thelenota anax. Holothuria spinifera had the highest contribution (73.2%) to the total landings in the north-west while this was provided by T. anax (93%) in the east. Both catch per unit effort and total landings declined in 2009 compared to 2008 having three exceptions (H. spinifera, Holothuria atra and Stichopus chloronotus) in the north-west. Further, the collection of immature individuals, reduced landings of high-value species and temporal shifting of fishing activities were observed in both areas. Two approaches (simple linear regression and random effects models) were used to estimate the natural mortality of sea cucumbers and the estimated values were 0.50 yr−1 and 0.45 yr−1, respectively. Apart from the management of local sea cucumber resources, this information is important to update the regional and global sea cucumber statistics as well as for launching regional management programmes.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PANJANG BERAT DAN FAKTOR KONDISI TERIPANG HITAM (Holothuria atra) DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LAUT KARIMUNJAWA Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria atra) in Karimunjawa National Marine Park Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Citraningrum Mawa Panuluh ◽  
Bambang Sulardiono ◽  
Nurul Latifah
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Relationship Length ◽  
Weight Condition ◽  
Holothuria Atra

Teripang Hitam (H. atra) merupakan jenis biota laut yang memiliki nilai ekologis dan ekonomis di perairan Taman Nasional Laut Karimunjawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan panjang berat, faktor kondisi dan analisis perbedaan antara Holothuria atra(teripang hitam) yang hidup di zona perairan budidaya dan wisata dengan yang hidup di zona rehabilitasi. Pengambilan sampel teripang dilakukan pada siang hari di 3 stasiun zona budidaya dan wisata yaitu Menjangan Kecil, Menjangan Besar dan perairan sekitar Wisma Apung serta 1 stasiun zona rehabilitasi yaitu di Perairan Alang-alang. Pengamatan sampel teripang dilakukan secara sensus. Total sampel yang diperoleh di Alang-alang sebanyak 30 individu dengan kisaran panjang 13-43 cm, berat 49-514 g, Sampel di Menjangan kecil sebanyak 17 individu dengan kisaran panjang 9-26 cm, berat 20-260 g, sampel Menjangan Besar sebanyak 5 individu kisaran panjang 16-23 cm berat 66-193 g dan sampel di perairan sekitar Wisma Apung sebanyak 17 sampel kisaran panjang 14-28 cm berat 23-260 g. Pertumbuhan teripang di masing-masing perairan menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif yang artinya penambahan panjang lebih cepat daripada penambahan bobot. Nilai faktor kondisi Fulton teripang hitam di Alang-alang 1,34, Menjangan Kecil 1,91, Menjangan Besar 1,89, serta perairan sekitar Wisma Apung 1,37, menunjukkan teripang hitam di perairan yang banyak pengunjung lebih gemuk daripada teripang hitam di Alang-alang yang sepi pengunjung, serta faktor kondisi berat relatif alang-alang 104,27, Menjangan Kecil 104,25, Menjangan Besar 105,59 dan Wisma Apung 108,22 masing-masing perairan semua diatas 100 menunjukkan perairan tersebut menyediakan surplus makanan yang cukup.  Black Sea Cucumber (H. atra) is a type of marine biota that has ecological and economic value in the waters of the Karimunjawa Marine National Park. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship length-weight, condition factor and analysis of differences between Holothuria atra (black sea cucumbers) that live in cultivation and tourism zones and those that live in rehabilitation zones. Sea cucumber sampling is conducted at noon in 3 stations of the cultivation and tourism zones, namely Menjangan Kecil, Menjangan Besar and the waters around Wisma Apung and 1 rehabilitation zone station in Alang-alang. Observation of sea cucumber samples is done by census. Total samples obtained in Alang-alang were 30 individuals with a range of length 13-43 cm, weight 49-514 g, sampel in Menjangan Kecil were 17 individuals with a range of length 9-26 cm, weight 20-260 g, sampel in Menjangan Besar were 5 individuals with a range of length 16-23 cm, weight 66-193 g, and last sampel in waters around Wisma Apung were 17 individuals with a range of length 14-28 cm weight 23-260 g. The growth of sea cucumbers in each waters shows a negative allometric growth pattern which means that the addition of the length is faster than the addition of the weight. Fulton’s condition factor values of black sea cucumber in Alang-alang 1.34, Menjangan Kecil 1.91, Menjangan Besar 1.89, and waters around Wisma Apung 1.37, shows that black sea cucumbers in the waters that many visitors are fatter than black sea cucumbers in the Alang-alang which deserted visitors, and the relative weight condition factors of Alang-alang 104.27, Menjangan Kecil 104.25, Menjangan Besar 105.59 and Wisma Apung 108.22 each of the waters above 100 indicates that these waters provide sufficient food surplus.

scholarly journals A Study on Sustainable Event Management Practices in Sri Lanka; Event Managers’ Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Dhananjaya Bandara Nawarathna
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Event Model ◽  
Event Managers

Sustainability practices have begun to take hold in all kinds of events, and there are very few forces or mechanisms driving the widespread adoption and expansion of sustainable event management to become a common practice throughout the community in Sri Lanka. Hence, the central focus of the study was to identify the current sustainable event management practices in Sri Lanka. Primary data collected through structured interviews from 15 event managers who have membership of the Sri Lanka Association of Professional Conference, Exhibition, and Event Organizers by using the purposive sampling technique. A qualitative data analytical method was employed, and the collected data were transcribed and analyzed by using content analysis. The findings of the study reveal that targeting high-end events, better planning, strengthening the local communities, cultural conservation, waste management, energy efficiency, and dissemination of information are the current sustainable event management practices in Sri Lanka. Further, the findings elucidate effective theoretical and managerial implications for event organizers, government, and residential communities where events are held. Moreover, maximize the awareness of sustainable education, develop a sustainable event model, adapt to the green-related technology, introduce green venues and promote sustainable events, government involvement of making policy framework and private-public partnership create long term and sustainable legacies for host communities and development of sustainable event management in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals PREFERENSI HABITAT DAN KEBIASAAN MAKAN TERIPANG (Holothuroidae) DI PERAIRAN PULAU MENJANGAN KECIL, KARIMUNJAWA, JEPARA (Preference Habitat and Food Habbit of Sea Cucumber (Holothuroidea) In Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa, Jepara)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
Bagus Putro Setiawan ◽  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Bambang Sulardiono
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Reef Environment ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Holothuria Atra ◽  
High Organic Content

Teripang adalah salah satu anggota hewan berkulit berduri, hidup pada dasar substrat pasir, pasir berlumpur maupun dalam lingkungan terumbu, dan sering tertangkap di perairan Indonesia. Perairan Pulau Menjangan Kecil, Karimunjawa merupakan perairan yang banyak menghasilkan teripang, tetapi akhir – akhir ini menurun jumlahnya sehingga dapat terancam punah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2017 di Perairan Pulau Menjangan Kecil, Karimunjawa, Jepara. Identifikasi kebiasaan makan teripang dilakukan di Laboratorium Hidrobiologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi habitat teripang dan kebiasaan makanan teripang di Perairan Pulau Menjangan Kecil, Karimunjawa, Jepara. Teknik sampling teripang yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode random sampling. Analisis Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, menggunakan perhitungan Index of Preponderance. Nilai Index of Preponderance diketahui dengan cara mengamati makanan yang terdapat pada usus Teripang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan, saat sampling di lapangan diperoleh empat spesies teripang yaitu Holothuria atra, Synapta maculata, Holothuria impatiens, dan Pearsonothuria graeffei. Preferensi habitat hasil pengamatan, menunjukan bahwa teripang menyukai substrat dengan kandungan bahan organik tinggi. Makanan utama dari ke empat jenis teripang yang di temukan adalah jenis Nitzchia dengan nilai Index of Preponderance masing-masing jenis sebesar Holothuria atra 25.2%, Synapta maculata 35.6%, Holothuria impatiens 28.2% dan Pearsonothuria graeffei 31.9%. Sea cucumbers are among the members of thorny animals, living on the base of sand substrate, muddy sand or in the reef environment, and often caught in Indonesian waters. The waters of Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa are the waters that produce a lot of sea cucumbers, but recently decreased in number so it can be threatened with extinction. This research was conducted in May 2017, in Menjangan Kecil Island Waters, Karimunjawa, Jepara. Identification of feeding habits of sea cucumbers performed in the Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Diponegoro University. This study aims to determine the preference habitat of sea cucumbers and food habits of sea cucumbers in the waters of Menjangan Kecil Island, Karimunjawa, Jepara. The sampling technique of sea cucumber used in this research is random sampling method. Data analysis used in this study, using the calculation of Index of Preponderance. Index of Preponderance value is known by observing the food contained in the intestine Sea cucumber. The results obtained, when sampling in the field obtained four species of sea cucumbers are Holothuria atra, Synapta maculata, Holothuria impatiens, and Pearsonothuria graeffei. Observation habitat preference, indicating that sea cucumbers prefer substrates with high organic content. The main foods of the four types of sea cucumber found were Nitzchia species with Index of Preponderance values of each type of Holothuria at 25.2%, Synapta maculata 35.6%, Holothuria impatiens 28.2% and Pearsonothuria graeffei 31.9%.

Lipids and Free Fatty Acids of Red Sea Avrainvillea amadelpha, Holothuria atra, and Sarcocornia fruticosa Inhibit Marine Bacterial Biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-471
Author(s):  
Usama W. Hawas ◽  
Fekri Shaher ◽  
Mohamed Ghandourah ◽  
Lamia T. Abou El-Kassem ◽  
Sathianeson Satheesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Holothuria Atra ◽  
Sarcocornia Fruticosa

This study aimed at evaluating the antibiofilm activity of the Red Sea metabolites from green alga Avrainvillea amadelpha, sea cucumber Holothuria atra and costal plant Sarcocornia fruticosa against three biofilm bacterial strains isolated from Jeddah coast. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipoidal matters were extracted from these organisms and analyzed by GC-MS. The composition of lipoidal fractions showed that A. amadelpha is rich by 74% saturated FAs, while sea cucumber H. atra revealed high content (60%) of unsaturated FAs. Palmitic acid is the major FA component in all species ranging from 14.5 to 26.7%. Phytol, sterols and hydrocarbons (C8-C29) were represented in the alga A. amadelpha as high contents with values 25.8, 21.9 and 18.5%, respectively. The extracts and lipoidal contents showed biofilm inhibitory activity against the isolated bacterial strains, where the unsaponified lipoidal fraction of S. fruticosa exhibited highest inhibitory activity against Planomicrobium sp. at concentration of 200 &#181;g/mL.

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