scholarly journals Characterization of the Allelopathic Potential of Sugarcane Leaves and Roots

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Neriane Hijano ◽  
Mariluce P. Nepomuceno ◽  
Charles L. Cantrell ◽  
Stephen O. Duke ◽  
Pedro L. C. A. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Chemical Characterization of Euphorbia heterophylla L. Essential Oils and Their Antioxidant Activity and Allelopathic Potential on Cenchrus echinatus L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e1900051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelsamed I. Elshamy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abd‐ElGawad ◽  
Abd El‐Nasser G. El Gendy ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Assaeed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

scholarly journals Allelopathic Activity and Characterization of Allelopathic Substances from Elaeocarpus floribundus Blume Leaves for the Development of Bioherbicides

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
Krishna Rany Das ◽  
Yuka Asato ◽  
Toshiaki Teruya ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
The World ◽  
Aqueous Meoh ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

To help protect the environment as well as increase agricultural production, the use of synthetic herbicides must be reduced and replaced with plant-based bioherbicides. Elaeocarpus floribundus is a perennial, evergreen, and medium-sized plant grown in different areas of the world. The pharmaceutical properties and various uses of Elaeocarpus floribundus have been reported, but its allelopathic potential has not yet been explored. Thus, we carried out the present study to identify allelopathic compounds from Elaeocarpus floribundus. Aqueous MeOH extracts of Elaeocarpus floribundus significantly suppressed the growth of the tested species (cress and barnyard grass) in a dose- and species-dependent way. The three most active allelopathic substances were isolated via chromatographic steps and characterized as (3R)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone, cis-3-hydroxy-α-ionone, and loliolide. All three substances significantly limited the seedling growth of cress, and the compound (3R)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone had stronger allelopathic effects than cis-3-hydroxy-α-ionone and loliolide. The concentrations of the compounds required for 50% growth inhibition (I50 value) of the cress seedlings were in the range of 0.0001–0.0005 M. The findings of this study indicate that all three phytotoxic substances contribute to the phytotoxicity of Elaeocarpus floribundus.

scholarly journals Allelopathic potential of croton bonplandianus bail

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
H.S. Patil ◽  
Rajesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

An extensive survey of floristic of native and invasive weed species was carried out during 2016 to 2019 in the semiarid agro ecosystem of Baramati Tahsil, Dist- Pune (M.S.). About 18 dominant invasive weeds such as Ageratum, Alternanthera, Croton., Xanthium, Parthenium and Tridax were encroaching the natives, becoming a serious threat to the major crops of this area such as wheat, sorghum, pearl millet, mung bean, pigeon pea, chillies and tomato. Amongst these Croton bonplandianus was highly dominant and wide spreading. Hence, its allelopathic potential was investigated. The allelopathic influence of leaf and root leachates as well as extracts of Croton bonplandianus Bail. was examined on seed germination of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). The germination assay revealed that allelopathic potential and other factors are responsible for its dominance and successful invasion. The allelopathic influence of rhizosphere soil and its aqueous leachates indicated that both are responsible for inhibiting the seed germination and seedling growth of mungbean. Both the experiments have clearly confirmed the allelopathic potential of Croton bonplandianus. The HPTLC analyses confirmed the existence of a broad groups of allelochemicals like terpenoides, steroids, flavonoids, pungent and bitter essential oils and phenolics in its leaves and roots, which confirmed its allelopathic potential. Further characterization of above mentioned allelochemicals is in progress.

scholarly journals Biological and Chemical Characterizations of Allelopathic Potential of Diverse Accessions of the Cover Crop Sunn Hemp

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid ◽  
Manish Bhan ◽  
Jodie V. Johnson ◽  
Bala Rathinasabapathi ◽  
Carlene A. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Radicle Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

There has been increasing interest in recent years in sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), as a leguminous cover crop and green manure, for weed and pest management and improving soil health. Aqueous extracts and ground shoot tissue have previously been demonstrated to be phytotoxic. To further explore its allelopathic potential, bioassays and chemical characterization of water-soluble eluates of sunn hemp were undertaken. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) radicle growth inhibition was conducted with aqueous eluates from thinly sliced sunn hemp leaves, stems, and seeds, and all three tissues exhibited the inhibitory potential. Fourteen accessions originating from the United States, India, Brazil, South Africa, Pakistan, and Nigeria had water-soluble allelochemicals in leaves, suggesting that allelopathic potential is widely distributed in this species. The highest level of inhibitory potential was found in accession IN-86. Further characterization of IN-86 leaf eluates indicated that the inhibitory compound(s) was/were not soluble in chloroform, but was/were stable when boiled for 15 minutes and resistant to 1 n HCl. Binding and elution from AG-1(OH−) ion-exchange resin also were observed. An analysis of leaf eluates of IN-86 using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) showed the presence of a compound with a mass-to-charge ratio of 148, consistent with the spectrum for hydroxynorleucine, a phytotoxic nonprotein amino acid previously reported in seeds of C. juncea. However, its low concentration (<1 μg·mL−1) suggested that other components of the eluate were responsible for the observed allelopathic effect. The results indicate the feasibility for development of weed control strategies using allelochemicals derived from sunn hemp biomass of select genotypes IN-86, NG-71, and BR-20 from India, Nigeria, and Brazil, respectively.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Characterization of Rice Black Streaked Dwarf Virus-Responsive MicroRNAs in Rice Leaves and Roots by Small RNA and Degradome Sequencing

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongtao Sun ◽  
Yuqing He ◽  
Junmin Li ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Jianping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Degradome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Rice Leaves ◽  
Leaves And Roots

scholarly journals Anatomical characterization of the roots, leaves and culms of Guadua weberbaueri in different growing environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1025-1033
Author(s):  
Yasmin Alves Rodrigues ◽  
Sebastião Kennon Santos ◽  
Frederico H. S. Costa ◽  
Joao Bosco Oliveira Junior ◽  
Said Bezerra Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Great Abundance ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Guadua Weberbaueri ◽  
Anatomical Characterization

There has been increasing interest in the use of bamboo for a variety of purposes. In the western Amazon region, specifically in the state of Acre, Brazil, native bamboo (Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.) grows in great abundance, which calls attention to its possible sustainable exploitation. Thus, this project aims to perform the anatomical characterization of the culms, leaves and roots of G. weberbaueri in different environments, both inside and along the border of a forest. For the analysis, samples were collected from culms, leaves and roots at the Zoobotanical Park of Federal University of Acre, and permanent slides were visualized by optical microscopy. We observed that the vascular bundles of the central leaf veins were wider in leaves from the border of the forest than in those from inside the forest. In contrast, the study of root anatomy showed differences in the diameter measurements of the xylem vessel elements, which were larger in those inside the forest than those from the border of the forest. The vascular bundles of culms did not present a difference, although a new characteristic found in this species is described.

Hydroxamic Acids in Secale cereale L. and the Relationship with their Antifeedant and Allelopathic Properties

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia V. Copaja ◽  
Elisa Villarroel ◽  
Héctor R. Bravo ◽  
Lorena Pizarro ◽  
Víctor H. Argandoñ
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cyclic Hydroxamic Acid

AbstractContents of the hydroxamic acids 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA), and 2,4- dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) in leaves and roots of 14 cultivars of rye, Secale cereale L., were determined. Dynamics of accumulation in three cultivars were evaluated. DIBOA was the main cyclic hydroxamic acid in leaves but the contents differed significantly between the cultivars. Both DIBOA and DIMBOA were present in the roots. Maximum concentration of DIBOA in leaves and DIMBOA in roots was reached between 48-54 h and 54-72 h after germination, respectively. Antifeedant activity of DIBOA towards the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and the feeding behavior were studied by electronic recording in barley leaves treated with different contents of DIBOA. The deleterious activity of DIBOA could arise by starvation and/or a toxic effect. Additionally, allelopathic potential of pure DIBOA and aqueous extracts of leaves and roots of rye (Tetra-Baer) on the germination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and rye (Tetra-Baer) seeds was evaluated. A high percentage of germination inhibition of pure DIBOA and the extracts of leaves and roots was observed. The activity is in agreement with the contents of hydroxamic acids in the plants. The substrates had no allelopathic effect on rye seeds.

scholarly journals Deciphering the microbial and molecular responses of geographically diverse Setaria accessions grown in a nutrient-poor soil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259937
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Peterson ◽  
Pubudu P. Handakumbura ◽  
Allison M. Thompson ◽  
Zachary R. Russell ◽  
Young-Mo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Addition ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Biofuel Crops ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Poor Soil

The microbial and molecular characterization of the ectorhizosphere is an important step towards developing a more complete understanding of how the cultivation of biofuel crops can be undertaken in nutrient poor environments. The ectorhizosphere of Setaria is of particular interest because the plant component of this plant-microbe system is an important agricultural grain crop and a model for biofuel grasses. Importantly, Setaria lends itself to high throughput molecular studies. As such, we have identified important intra- and interspecific microbial and molecular differences in the ectorhizospheres of three geographically distant Setaria italica accessions and their wild ancestor S. viridis. All were grown in a nutrient-poor soil with and without nutrient addition. To assess the contrasting impact of nutrient deficiency observed for two S. italica accessions, we quantitatively evaluated differences in soil organic matter, microbial community, and metabolite profiles. Together, these measurements suggest that rhizosphere priming differs with Setaria accession, which comes from alterations in microbial community abundances, specifically Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria populations. When globally comparing the metabolomic response of Setaria to nutrient addition, plants produced distinctly different metabolic profiles in the leaves and roots. With nutrient addition, increases of nitrogen containing metabolites were significantly higher in plant leaves and roots along with significant increases in tyrosine derived alkaloids, serotonin, and synephrine. Glycerol was also found to be significantly increased in the leaves as well as the ectorhizosphere. These differences provide insight into how C4 grasses adapt to changing nutrient availability in soils or with contrasting fertilization schemas. Gained knowledge could then be utilized in plant enhancement and bioengineering efforts to produce plants with superior traits when grown in nutrient poor soils.

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