Diagnostic procedures and classification of antisocial behavior in Norwegian inmates in preventive detention

For the last seven decades, primary aldosteronism (PA) has been gradually recognized as a leading cause of secondary hypertension harboring increased risks of cardiovascular incidents compared to essential hypertension. Clinically, PA consists of two major subtypes, surgically curable and uncurable phenotypes, determined as unilateral or bilateral PA by adrenal venous sampling. In order to further optimize the treatment, surgery or medications, diagnostic procedures from screening to subtype differentiation is indispensable, while in the general clinical practice, the work-up rate is extremely low even in the patients with refractory hypertension because of the time-consuming and labor-intensive nature of the procedures. Therefore, a novel tool to simplify the diagnostic flow has been recently in enormous demand. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the following clinically important topics of PA: prevalence of PA and its subtypes, newly revealed histopathological classification of aldosterone-producing lesions, novel diagnostic biomarkers and prediction scores. More effective strategy to diagnose PA based on better understanding of its epidemiology and pathology should lead to early detection of PA and could decrease the cardiovascular and renal complications of the patients.

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Classification of guarantees of the rights and freedoms of a suspect during the application of the preventive detention

Entrepreneurship, Economy and Law ◽

10.32849/2663-5313/2021.2.43 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 243-248

Author(s):

Andrii Zhuk

Keyword(s):

Preventive Detention

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Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping for Diagnostic Orientation and Classification of Pediatric Cancer Based on the EuroFlow Solid Tumor Orientation Tube (STOT)

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13194945 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 4945

Author(s):

Cristiane de Sá de Sá Ferreira-Facio ◽

Vitor Botafogo ◽

Patrícia Mello Ferrão ◽

Maria Clara Canellas ◽

Cristiane B. Milito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Solid Tumors ◽

Solid Tumor ◽

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry ◽

Diagnostic Screening ◽

Pediatric Solid Tumors

Early diagnosis of pediatric cancer is key for adequate patient management and improved outcome. Although multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) has proven of great utility in the diagnosis and classification of hematologic malignancies, its application to non-hematopoietic pediatric tumors remains limited. Here we designed and prospectively validated a new single eight-color antibody combination—solid tumor orientation tube, STOT—for diagnostic screening of pediatric cancer by MFC. A total of 476 samples (139 tumor mass, 138 bone marrow, 86 lymph node, 58 peripheral blood, and 55 other body fluid samples) from 296 patients with diagnostic suspicion of pediatric cancer were analyzed by MFC vs. conventional diagnostic procedures. STOT was designed after several design–test–evaluate–redesign cycles based on a large panel of monoclonal antibody combinations tested on 301 samples. In its final version, STOT consists of a single 8-color/12-marker antibody combination (CD99-CD8/numyogenin/CD4-EpCAM/CD56/GD2/smCD3-CD19/cyCD3-CD271/CD45). Prospective validation of STOT in 149 samples showed concordant results with the patient WHO/ICCC-3 diagnosis in 138/149 cases (92.6%). These included: 63/63 (100%) reactive/disease-free samples, 43/44 (98%) malignant and 4/4 (100%) benign non-hematopoietic tumors together with 28/38 (74%) leukemia/lymphoma cases; the only exception was Hodgkin lymphoma that required additional markers to be stained. In addition, STOT allowed accurate discrimination among the four most common subtypes of malignant CD45− CD56++ non-hematopoietic solid tumors: 13/13 (GD2++ numyogenin− CD271−/+ nuMyoD1− CD99− EpCAM−) neuroblastoma samples, 5/5 (GD2− numyogenin++ CD271++ nuMyoD1++ CD99−/+ EpCAM−) rhabdomyosarcomas, 2/2 (GD2−/+ numyogenin− CD271+ nuMyoD1− CD99+ EpCAM−) Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, and 7/7 (GD2− numyogenin− CD271+ nuMyoD1− CD99− EpCAM+) Wilms tumors. In summary, here we designed and validated a new standardized antibody combination and MFC assay for diagnostic screening of pediatric solid tumors that might contribute to fast and accurate diagnostic orientation and classification of pediatric cancer in routine clinical practice.

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Surgical Management, Preoperative Tumor Localization, and Histopathology of 80 Patients Operated on for Insulinoma

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2019-01204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (12) ◽

pp. 6129-6138 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mikkel Andreassen ◽

Emma Ilett ◽

Dominik Wiese ◽

Emily P Slater ◽

Marianne Klose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Somatostatin Receptor ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Receptor Subtype ◽

Receptor Imaging ◽

Venous Sampling ◽

Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽

Positron Emission

Abstract Introduction Diagnosis and pathological classification of insulinomas are challenging. Aim To characterize localization of tumors, surgery outcomes, and histopathology in patients with insulinoma. Methods Patients with surgically resected sporadic insulinoma were included. Results Eighty patients were included. Seven had a malignant tumor. A total of 312 diagnostic examinations were performed: endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS; n = 59; sensitivity, 70%), MRI (n = 33; sensitivity, 58%), CT (n = 55; sensitivity, 47%), transabdominal ultrasonography (US; n = 45; sensitivity, 40%), somatostatin receptor imaging (n = 17; sensitivity, 29%), 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (n = 1; negative), percutaneous transhepatic venous sampling (n = 10; sensitivity, 90%), arterial stimulation venous sampling (n = 20; sensitivity, 65%), and intraoperative US (n = 72; sensitivity, 89%). Fourteen tumors could not be visualized. Invasive methods were used in 7 of these 14 patients and localized the tumor in all cases. Median tumor size was 15 mm (range, 7 to 80 mm). Tumors with malignant vs benign behavior showed less staining for insulin (3 of 7 vs 66 of 73; P = 0.015) and for proinsulin (3 of 6 vs 58 of 59; P < 0.001). Staining for glucagon was seen in 2 of 6 malignant tumors and in no benign tumors (P < 0.001). Forty-three insulinomas stained negative for somatostatin receptor subtype 2a. Conclusion Localization of insulinomas requires many different diagnostic procedures. Most tumors can be localized by conventional imaging, including EUS. For nonvisible tumors, invasive methods may be a useful diagnostic tool. Malignant tumors showed reduced staining for insulin and proinsulin and increased staining for glucagon.

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Characteristics and Identification of Pasteurella and Vibrio Species Pathogenic to Fishes using API-20E (Analytab Products) Multitube Test Strips

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f82-229 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 1725-1729 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Michael L. Kent

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Anguillarum ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Blood Agar ◽

Marine Agar ◽

Biochemical Characteristics ◽

Test Strips ◽

Fish Pathology ◽

Fish Bacteria ◽

Vibrio Spp

Morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics of Pasteurella spp. and Vibrio spp. pathogenic to fishes are investigated. Vibrio anguillarum, V. ordalii, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, an unidentified Vibrio sp. (AN1K), Pasteurella piscicida, and P. multocida were cultured on API-20E multitube test strips (Analytab Products) and in Baumann's marine media with similar results. The API-20E Profile Index was not useful for classification of fish bacteria studied and, using the index. Vibrio sp. AN1K was misidentified as P. multocida. Bacteria studied were also grown on Marine Agar (Difco) and on blood agar at 25 and 37 °C. On blood agar at 37 °C some vibrios resembled pasteurellas as a result of pleomorphism and lack of motility. Simple diagnostic procedures for identifying Pasteurella spp. and Vibrio spp. associated with fishes using the API-20E with modifications are presented.Key words: Pasteurella, Vibrio, characteristics, Analytical Profile Index, fish pathology

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Diagnostic Classification of LD: A Practical Necessity and a Procedural Problem

Learning Disability Quarterly ◽

10.2307/1510645 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 56-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Howard S. Adelman

Keyword(s):

Learning Disabilities ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Diagnostic Classification ◽

Ethical Considerations ◽

Diagnostic Practices ◽

Considerable Debate ◽

Practical Necessity ◽

Assessment Activity ◽

Procedural Problem

As the diagnosis of learning disabilities has become widespread and commonplace, considerable debate has raged over the issue of labeling. Since the polemics have generated some confusion, it is important that professionals not lose sight of the major purposes and serious concerns related to diagnostic practices. In a two-part series, Adelman will (1) highlight why diagnostic procedures are necessary and why it is difficult to arrive at a valid diagnosis and (2) offer some perspectives on research and ethical considerations related to current LD diagnostic practices. In this first article, discussion of purposes and problems involved in diagnosing LD focuses on three topics: (a) how diagnosis relates to other assessment activity, (b) the objectives of diagnostic classification, and (c) specific conceptual concerns regarding the LD label.

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A new classification of cardio-oncology syndromes

Cardio-Oncology ◽

10.1186/s40959-021-00110-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rudolf A. de Boer ◽

Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem ◽

Valentina Bracun ◽

Douglas Leedy ◽

Richard Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Abrupt Onset ◽

Type I ◽

Cancer Therapies ◽

Cardiovascular Dysfunction ◽

Type Iv ◽

High Oxidative Stress ◽

Type V

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests a multifaceted relationship exists between cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we introduce a 5-tier classification system to categorize cardio-oncology syndromes (COS) that represent the aspects of the relationship between cancer and CVD. COS Type I is characterized by mechanisms whereby the abrupt onset or progression of cancer can lead to cardiovascular dysfunction. COS Type II includes the mechanisms by which cancer therapies can result in acute or chronic CVD. COS Type III is characterized by the pro-oncogenic environment created by the release of cardiokines and high oxidative stress in patients with cardiovascular dysfunction. COS Type IV is comprised of CVD therapies and diagnostic procedures which have been associated with promoting or unmasking cancer. COS Type V is characterized by factors causing systemic and genetic predisposition to both CVD and cancer. The development of this framework may allow for an increased facilitation of cancer care while optimizing cardiovascular health through focused treatment targeting the COS type.

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Diagnostic Classification of LD: Research and Ethical Perspectives as Related to Practice

Learning Disability Quarterly ◽

10.2307/1511019 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 5-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Howard S. Adelman

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Diagnostic Classification ◽

Learning Problem ◽

Diagnostic Practices ◽

Ethical Perspectives

This is the second in a two-part series focusing on the major purposes and concerns related to diagnostic practices. Part 1 discussed the importance and necessity of diagnostic procedures and the difficulties of arriving at a valid diagnosis. In the second article, the author (a) highlights research relevant to LD diagnostic practices, (b) offers a case study of current diagnostic practices related to learning-problem referrals, and (c) contrasts three ethical perspectives used in judging the appropriateness of such activity.

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What Did We Learn from Research on Comorbidity In Psychiatry? Advantages and Limitations in the Forthcoming DSM-V Era

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health ◽

10.2174/1745017901208010180 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 180-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Liliana Dell’Osso ◽

Stefano Pini

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Positive Development ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Atypical Symptoms ◽

Dsm V ◽

Therapeutic Guidelines ◽

Theoretical Significance

Despite the large amount of research conducted in this area over the last two decades, comorbidity of psychiatric disorders remains a topic of major practical and theoretical significance. Official diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines of psychiatric disorders still do not provide clinicians and researchers with any treatment-specific indications for those cases presenting with psychiatric comorbidity. We will discuss the diagnostic improvement brought about, in clinical practice, by the punctual and refined recognition of threshold and subthreshold comorbidity. From such a perspective, diagnostic procedures and forthcoming systems of classification of mental disorders should attempt to combine descriptive, categorical and dimensional approaches, addressing more attention to the cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of nuclear, subclinical, and atypical symptoms that may represent a pattern of either full-blown or partially expressed psychiatric comorbidity. This should certainly be regarded as a positive development. Parallel, continuous critical challenge seems to be vital in this area, in order to prevent dangerous trivializations and misunderstandings.

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Percepta Genomic Sequencing Classifier and decision-making in patients with high-risk lung nodules: a decision impact study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-021-01772-4 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sonali Sethi ◽

Scott Oh ◽

Alexander Chen ◽

Christina Bellinger ◽

Lori Lofaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

High Risk ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Lung Nodules ◽

Genomic Sequencing ◽

Curative Therapy ◽

Risk Of Malignancy ◽

Very High ◽

Independent Cohort

Abstract Background Incidental and screening-identified lung nodules are common, and a bronchoscopic evaluation is frequently nondiagnostic. The Percepta Genomic Sequencing Classifier (GSC) is a genomic classifier developed in current and former smokers which can be used for further risk stratification in these patients. Percepta GSC has the capability of up-classifying patients with a pre-bronchoscopy risk that is high (> 60%) to “very high risk” with a positive predictive value of 91.5%. This prospective, randomized decision impact survey was designed to test the hypothesis that an up-classification of risk of malignancy from high to very high will increase the rate of referral for surgical or ablative therapy without additional intervening procedures while increasing physician confidence. Methods Data were collected from 37 cases from the Percepta GSC validation cohort in which the pre-bronchoscopy risk of malignancy was high (> 60%), the bronchoscopy was nondiagnostic, and the patient was up-classified to very high risk by Percepta GSC. The cases were randomly presented to U.S pulmonologists in three formats: a pre-post cohort where each case is presented initially without and then with a GSG result, and two independent cohorts where each case is presented either with or without with a GSC result. Physicians were surveyed with respect to subsequent management steps and confidence in that decision. Results One hundred and one survey takers provided a total of 1341 evaluations of the 37 patient cases across the three different cohorts. The rate of recommendation for surgical resection was significantly higher in the independent cohort with a GSC result compared to the independent cohort without a GSC result (45% vs. 17%, p < 0.001) In the pre-post cross-over cohort, the rate increased from 17 to 56% (p < 0.001) following the review of the GSC result. A GSC up-classification from high to very high risk of malignancy increased Pulmonologists’ confidence in decision-making following a nondiagnostic bronchoscopy. Conclusions Use of the Percepta GSC classifier will allow more patients with early lung cancer to proceed more rapidly to potentially curative therapy while decreasing unnecessary intervening diagnostic procedures following a nondiagnostic bronchoscopy.

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