scholarly journals The Managerial Role of Pharmacist at Community Pharmacy Setting in Saudi Arabia

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al-Arifi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Managerial Role ◽  
Pharmacy Setting

scholarly journals 164. Restriction of Antimicrobials Dispensing without Prescription on a National Level: Impact on the Overall Antimicrobial Utilization in Community Pharmacies in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S192-S192
Author(s):  
Khalid Eljaaly ◽  
Ahmed Al-Jedai ◽  
Yasser Almogbel ◽  
Nasser Alqahtani ◽  
Hajer Almudaiheem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Antimicrobial Utilization ◽  
Pharmacy Setting

Abstract Background High rates of non-prescription dispending of antimicrobials has led to a significant increase in antimicrobial overuse and misuse in Saudi Arabia (SA). The objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial utilization following enforcement of a new prescription-only antimicrobial dispensing policy in the community pharmacy setting in SA. Methods Data were extracted from the IQVIA database between May 2017 and May 2019. Antimicrobial consumption rate based on the sales, defined daily dose in grams (DDD), DDD/1000 inhabitants’/day (DID), and antimicrobial claims for pre-policy (May 2017 to April 2018) and post-policy (June 2018 to May 2019) periods was assessed. Results Overall antimicrobial utilization slightly declined (~9-10%) in post-policy vs. pre-policy period (sales, 31,334 vs.34,492 thousand units; DDD, 183,134 vs. 202,936 thousand grams), with an increase in the number of claims (~16%) after policy implementation. There was a sudden drop in the consumption rate immediately after policy enforcement; however, the values increased subsequently, matching closely to the pre-policy values. Consumption patterns were similar in both periods. Penicillins were the most commonly used antimicrobial (sales, 14,700 - 11,648 thousand units; DDD, 71,038 - 91,227 thousand grams; DID, 2.88 - 3.78). For both the periods, the highest dip in utilization was observed in July (sales, 1,027 - 1,559 thousand units; DDD, 6,194 - 9,399 thousand grams), while the highest spike was in March/October (sales, 3,346 - 3,884 thousand units; DDD, 22,329 - 19,453 thousand grams). Conclusion Non-prescription antimicrobial utilization reduced minimally following policy implementation in the community pharmacy setting across SA. Measures to aid effective implementation of prescription-only regulations are necessary. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Economic impact of COVID-19 on community pharmacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 510-518
Author(s):  
Elham Alshammari ◽  
Dalal Bin Suaydan ◽  
Sarah Alhussain ◽  
Nada Alsaleh ◽  
Ahlam Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services

The onset of COVID-19 has harmed community pharmacy. As a result, the current study sought to investigate how the coronavirus disease affected community pharmacies from an economic perspective. Short interviews were conducted with 158 community pharmacies located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The findings showed that most of the community pharmacies incurred losses of over 10% as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic during its first month in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, the findings revealed that 19.6% of the pharmacies had a 0.1-2% profit during the first month,1.9% had 10%+ profit, while 13.9% experienced a drop in profits. According to the findings, 41.8% (n = 66) of the pharmacists were not sure what they dispensed during the first month of COVID 19. However, almost one out of every five pharmacies (n = 31, 19.6%) accepted that they mostly dispensed antipyretic, vitamins, face mask and sanitisers. It could take many years from now until researchers can understand and measure the coronavirus disease as required. Based on these outcomes and possibilities, the study recommends that the Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health intervene to enlighten the public on appropriate health practices. Besides, the Ministry of Health may consider engaging with policymakers in developing financial policies that protect community pharmacies and the private sector from potential losses. Moreover, the Ministry of Health may expand the role of community pharmacies to allow them to offer home care services.

ANTECEDENTS OF TRUST TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING IN CHINA AND SAUDI ARABIA. THE MODERATING ROLE OF DISPOSITION TO TRUST

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1497-1498
Author(s):  
Raffaele Filieri ◽  
◽  
Lala Hu ◽  
Saleh Bazi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Moderating Role

The role of primary care centers in Saudi Arabia in the early detection of breast cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 620-624
Author(s):  
Saad Alhumaidi ◽  
Abdullah Alshehri ◽  
Abdullah Altowairqi ◽  
Ahmad Alharthy ◽  
Bader Malki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Early Detection

THE ROLE AND ROLE OF OIL POLICY IN SAUDI ARABIA IN POST WORLD WAR II ECONOMIC LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Maftuna Sanoqulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Policy

This article consists of the politics which connected with oil in Saudi Arabia after the World war II , the relations of economical cooperations on this matter and the place of oil in the history of world economics

Reliability of a Modified Medication Appropriateness Index in Community Pharmacies

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Rosemin Kassam ◽  
Linda G Martin ◽  
Karen B Farris ◽  
Homero A Monsanto ◽  
Jean-Marie Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Medication Appropriateness Index ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Psychometric Data ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Pharmacy Setting ◽  
Medication Appropriateness

Background The medication appropriateness index (MAI) has demonstrated reliability in selected outpatient clinics where medical data were easily accessible from medical charts. However, its use in the community setting where patient data may be limited has not been examined. Objective To evaluate the usefulness of a modified MAI for use in the community pharmacy setting by testing interrater reliability using 3 different rating schemes. Methods Two raters evaluated 160 medications for 32 elderly ambulatory patients. Patient information was acquired using community pharmacist-collected medication histories. A summated MAI score, percent agreement, κ, positive agreement, negative agreement, and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated for each criterion using 3 scoring schemes. A paired samples t-test (95% CI) was used to test interrater reliability. Results The κ statistics were >0.75 for indication and effectiveness, but good (0.41–0.66) for the remaining criteria using the Hanlon scoring scheme. The intraclass coefficients (0.82, 0.86, 0.87) and overall κ (0.65, 0.66, 0.61) were similar for the 3 schemes. Conclusions This study suggests that the modified MAI has the potential to detect medication appropriateness and inappropriateness in the community pharmacy setting; however, it is not without limitations. Because the MAI has the most clinimetric and psychometric data available, the instrument should be studied further to increase its reliability and generalizability.

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