Development of Microwave Hybrid Heating Welded Joints of Inconel-600 Superalloys using Grey Relational Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravish Arora ◽  
Jatinder Kapoor ◽  
Rakesh Chandimal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Particle Size ◽  
Hybrid Heating ◽  
Inconel 600 ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Microwave Hybrid Heating ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Impact

Inconel-600 superalloys have a number of applications in space and aerospace sector due to its unique characteristics of high strength at elevated temperature, low weight, corrosion resistance and high wear resistance. However, due to these characteristics, Inconel-600 superalloy poses challenges in joining. Therefore, an attempt has been made to resolve these issues using microwave hybrid heating (MHH). The characteristics of the constituents of MHH process have large impact on the welded joint’s strength. This paper examines the impact of control parameters on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and percentage elongation (EL) of Inconel-600 plates, which are welded via MHH. Design of experiments was carried out in accordance with Taguchi L16 orthogonal array (OA), taking in consideration of filler powder particle size (FPS), susceptor and separator. Multi-performance features were optimized via the effective utilization of Taguchi-based grey relational analysis (GRA) approach. ANOVA results show that the predominating factor to govern the joint strength is FPS followed by the susceptor and separator. The validation experiments are performed on the predicted optimized setting of process parameters. First level of FPS (30μm), second level of susceptor (Graphite) and second level of separator (SiC) were found as the optimized parametric settings.

Multi-Response Optimization of EDM for Ti-6Al-4V Using Taguchi - Grey Relational Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Joshi ◽  
Gopal Zinzala ◽  
Nishit Nirmal ◽  
Kishan Fuse
Keyword(s):  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time

Ti-6Al-4V is a titanium alloy having high strength, low weight and corrosion resistant which is a required characteristic for a material to be used in aerospace industry. Titanium, being a hard alloy is difficult to the machine via conventional methods so it is a call to use non-conventional processes. In present work, the effects on Ti-6Al-4V by drilling a hole of Ø 6 mm using copper (99%) electrode in electric discharge machining (EDM) process is analyzed. Experiments were performed under different operating conditions of peak current, pulse-on time and pulse-off time. Multi-objective optimization technique Grey relational analysis is used for process optimization of material removal rate (MRR) and electrode wear rate (EWR). Experiments are designed using an L9 orthogonal array. ANOVA is used for finding most contributing parameter followed by confirmation tests for validating the results.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Quality on Inbound Tourist Arrivals over China Based on Grey Relational Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10972
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Ziqiang Liu ◽  
Yujie Zhang ◽  
Elly Yaluk ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Relational Order

Air pollution has a significant impact on tourism; however, research in this area is still limited. In this study, we applied grey relational analysis to panel data from 31 provinces in China and evaluated the relationship between air quality and inbound tourist arrivals. The study focused on provincial-level disparities for the different key air quality evaluation standards during 2009–2012 and 2013–2019. For instance, we considered PM10, SO2, NO2 and the excellent and good ratings of Air Pollution Index (API) during 2009–2012 and the additional PM2.5, CO, O3 and the excellent and good ratings of Air Quality Index (AQI) from 2013 to 2019. Results indicate that: (1) Inbound tourist arrivals are significantly and positively affected by ambient air quality, and the impact from 2013 to 2019 was greater than that from 2009 to 2012; (2) there is regional diversity in inbound tourist arrivals, and the impact of the different air quality indicators varies; (3) inbound tourists showed greater sensitivity to air pollution under the AQI standard; (4) the impact of air quality indicators on the inbound tourist arrivals shows grey relational order, and the concentration of PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 have less impact than NO2, CO and O3 on changes in tourism numbers; (5) consistency in the air quality impact on foreign tourists and compatriot tourists from HK, MO and TW varies by air quality indicators. This study highlights the need for appropriate measures to improve air quality for high-quality and sustainable development of inbound tourism.

scholarly journals Taguchi Grey Relational Optimization of the Multi-mechanical Characteristics of Kaolin Reinforced Hydroxyapatite: Effect of Fabrication Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Johnson Kehinde Abifarin ◽  
David Olubiyi Olubiyi ◽  
Emmanuel Toi Dauda ◽  
Elijah Oyewusi Oyedeji
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Fabrication Parameters

Comparative study of kaolin reinforced hydroxyapatite (KHAp) and pure HAp using different production parameters has been done through traditional experimentation. However, the quantitative effect, optimization of kaolin reinforcement and fabrication parameters have not been investigated. Hence, this study examines the effect of kaolin reinforcement, compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the experimental mechanical properties of HAp. Taguchi design assisted by grey relational analysis was employed with L36 (2**2 3**1) orthogonal array. The Minitab 16 software was used to analyze the Taguchi design. The result showed a disparity in kaolin reinforcement as the optimum condition for individual mechanical properties, but the grey relational analysis showed better mechanical properties with kaolin reinforcement, 500 Pa compaction pressure and 1100 oC sintering temperature. The obtained result further revealed kaolin reinforcement as a strong and promising reinforcing material for high strength clinical application, having a contribution of 93.16% on compressive strength of HAp.  Therefore, future studies can be conducted in the use of different wt% of kaolin on the multi-response mechanical characteristics of HAp.  

Grey Relational Analysis and its C# Program in Analysis of Rigid Polyurethane Foam

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 1167-1170
Author(s):  
Xiao Gang Zhao ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Jian Yu Zhao ◽  
Xiao Yuan Yang ◽  
Xing Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
C Program ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Impact

With the rapid development of petroleum industry in China, the electrical heat tracing becomes very important for viscous oil transportation, while the heat insulation acts as the key to the application of electrical heat tracing. Rigid polyurethane foam has been widely used in long-distance pipelines for its advantages as the heat insulation material. However, there is also a lack of systematic analysis on the impact factors of such material, thus it is urgent to find out a practical method to distinguish the major impact factors. This paper introduces the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) with its C# program, and it is proposed to analyze the actual impact factors of rigid polyurethane foam. The application shows that this method is practical, simple, rapid and accurate, so it suitable for similar applications in other fields.

Optimization of Inconel 600 Alloy Micro Turning Process Using Grey Relational Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Durairaj ◽  
S. Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Tool Flank Wear ◽  
Inconel 600 ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Micro Turning ◽  
Inconel 600 Alloy ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Full Factorial

Micro turning is a process by which micro components can be produced. This paper deals with the CNC micro turning of Inconel 600 alloy with titanium nitride insert tool. Full factorial experiments were conducted to obtain tool Flank wear and Surface roughness (Ra) for different cutting conditions. Using the measured data, Grey Relational Analysis is used to predict the optimal parameter conditions for controlled tool flank wear and better surface finish.

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