scholarly journals Evaluation of tomato genotypes for tolerance to major diseases in Uganda

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
I. Ramathani ◽  
G. Ddamulira ◽  
A. Kangire ◽  
P. Wasswa ◽  
A. Tusiime
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Bacterial Speck ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
National Performance ◽  
Tomato Diseases ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a priority vegetable in Uganda, but due to its limited genetic base, its cultivated types are prone to a variety of diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate new tomato genotypes for resistance to major tomato diseases under hotspot conditions in Uganda. Fourty-five tomato genotypes were evaluated for reactions to tomato bacterial wilt, tomato bacterial speck, early blight and late blight. The study was conducted for two rainy seasons in 2019, at the National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge in Uganda. Data for severity and incidence were collected at two-week intervals after transplanting. Twelve genotypes (Nouvella F1, Rambo F1, Commando F1, AVTO1315, AVTO922, AVTO1701, AVTO1219, AVTO1464, MT56, ADV1287A, Pruna and Vega) exhibited high levels of tolerance to bacterial wilt; while bacterial speck presented mild symptoms majorly seen on Vega, Zodiac and AVTO9802. Rhino, AVTO1418, AVTO1314, Eureka, Roma VFN, MT56, Pinktop, Assila F1, Money-maker, AVTO0922 and AVTO1464 were the least affected by early blight; while AVTO1219, AVTO1701, ADV12021, ADV12076 and ADV1287A expressed low AUDPC values for late blight. Overall, AVTO1315 was the best yielder (30.8 metric tonnes ha-1), followed by AVTO0301 (29.0 t ha-1) and Nouvella F1 (26.1 t ha-1). Among the tomato genotypes evaluated, we recommend AVTO1701, AVTO0922, AVTO1464, AVTO0301 AVTO1315, AVTO1219, Pruna, Vega, ADV1287A and MT56 for the national performance trials.

scholarly journals Plant Disease Identification Using Shallow Convolutional Neural Network

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2388
Author(s):  
Sk Mahmudul Hassan ◽  
Michal Jasinski ◽  
Zbigniew Leonowicz ◽  
Elzbieta Jasinska ◽  
Arnab Kumar Maji
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Gray Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Automated Identification ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Tomato Diseases

Various plant diseases are major threats to agriculture. For timely control of different plant diseases in effective manner, automated identification of diseases are highly beneficial. So far, different techniques have been used to identify the diseases in plants. Deep learning is among the most widely used techniques in recent times due to its impressive results. In this work, we have proposed two methods namely shallow VGG with RF and shallow VGG with Xgboost to identify the diseases. The proposed model is compared with other hand-crafted and deep learning-based approaches. The experiments are carried on three different plants namely corn, potato, and tomato. The considered diseases in corns are Blight, Common rust, and Gray leaf spot, diseases in potatoes are early blight and late blight, and tomato diseases are bacterial spot, early blight, and late blight. The result shows that our implemented shallow VGG with Xgboost model outperforms different deep learning models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and specificity. Shallow Visual Geometric Group (VGG) with Xgboost gives the highest accuracy rate of 94.47% in corn, 98.74% in potato, and 93.91% in the tomato dataset. The models are also tested with field images of potato, corn, and tomato. Even in field image the average accuracy obtained using shallow VGG with Xgboost are 94.22%, 97.36%, and 93.14%, respectively.

Distribution and incidence of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in the central region of Togo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bitang Bamazi ◽  
Agnassim Banito ◽  
K. D. Ayisah ◽  
Rachidatou Sikirou ◽  
Mathews Paret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in Togo. Unfortunately, tomatoes are susceptible to many diseases, among which bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum causes major yield losses. In this study, incidence of bacterial wilt and its distribution was evaluated in the central region of Togo, the major tomato producing area in the country. Overall, 16 localities were surveyed in four prefectures. In each locality, three fields were visited, and the incidence of the disease was recorded, and diseased samples were collected for laboratory investigation. The results showed that bacterial wilt occurred in all the fields visited, indicating a field incidence of 100%, whereas the plant incidence ranged from 10.00±00% to 43.33±3.33%, with an average of 20.94±1.77%. The antibody based Immunostrip test was positive for R. solanacearum in 100% of the visited fields. From 144 samples collected from fields, 45 R. solanacearum isolates were isolated on Modified SMSA media. This survey results show that tomato bacterial wilt is a real threat to tomato production in the central region of Togo.

scholarly journals Screening of tomato varieties for resistance to major fungal diseases and bacterial wilt

2018 ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
Ts. Tsetskladze ◽  
Z. Sikharulidze ◽  
M. Muradashvili ◽  
K. Sikharulidze
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Moderate Resistance

The resistance of local and introduced tomato varieties to early blight (Alternaria solani Sorauer) and late blight (Phytopthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) were evaluated in the field and to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) were tested under artificial infection in greenhouse conditions. Three varieties (De-brao krasnii, De-brao Rozovii and Sultan F1) showed the moderate resistance to early blight, while the only two varieties (De-brao krasnii and De-brao Rozovii) were moderate resistant to late blight. The remaining samples showed susceptibility to disease. The tested varieties showed a different degree of resistance to the bacterial wilt. Four varieties: Rozovii Gigant, Krachodarskii Krasnii,Tarasenko and Lagidnii appeared to be resistant; Two varieties: Fakel and Polbig showed the moderate resistance and the rest ten varieties were susceptible to the disease.

scholarly journals Penapisan Tiga Puluh Tujuh Genotipe Tomat dan Seleksi Primer RAPD untuk Toleransi terhadap Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum)

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Eriana Adeputri ◽  
Rustikawati Rustikawati ◽  
Catur Herison
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Prospective Control ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Donor Parent ◽  
Tomato Diseases ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) is the most important tomato diseases which can reduce tomato yield up to 100%. One most prospective control measure is the development of high yielding varieties tolerance to bacterial wilt. Donor parent carrying bacterial wilt controlling gene(s) is required to develop such varieties. The objectives of this study were to screen thirty-seven tomato genotypes for tolerance to R. solanacearum and to obtain RAPD markers of resistance to bacterial wilt. The experiment was arranged without the experimental design. Each tomato genotypes consisting of 5 control uninoculated plants and 10 plants were inoculated with R. solanacearum with a concentration of 106 cfu / ml inoculum of 10 mL per plant. Scoring was done on the severity of disease symptom; and the plants were grouped according to scoring class. Molecular analysis was done by using Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA). The results showed there were six genotypes considerd very tolerant i.e. genotype Pearl, Opal, Cung, Syu and Kudamati I; tolerant genotypes consisting of five genotypes; medium tolerant groups consisting of eight genotypes; medium sensitives groups consisting of 14 genotypes; and sensitive class consisting of four genotypes, namely Aceh Local Tomatoes I, Tanah Datar Local Tomato, Tomato Meranti I and Tomato Meranti II. Of the 20 primers used only 8 primers showed visible DNA bands, they were E1, E7, E10, H2, H5, H13, H16 and H19. However there no polymorphics bands observed for bacterial wilt tolerance.

scholarly journals Impact of Alternaria solani (Early blight) on cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in North-eastern region of India and identification of early blight disease resistant tomato genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 672-680
Author(s):  
Khaidem Malemnganba Meitei ◽  
G.C. Bora ◽  
Senjam Jinus Singh ◽  
Anjan Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

The present investigation was carried out to screen genotypes for resistance to Early blight disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of North Eastern region of India. Field trial was conducted in the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during the years 2012-13 and 2013-14 consecutively. The disease severity of tomato genotypes was assessed by 0-5 points scale, percent Disease Incidence (PDI). Of the total materials screened, Sel-35 (TLBRH-6 X Konbilahi) and Sel-19 (TLBRH-6 X Konbilahi) were highly resistant, 7 were resistant, 14 were moderately resistant, 16 were susceptible and 6 were highly susceptible under field condition after inoculation during both years. The genotype having high yield and resistant to early blight was 10/TOLCVRES-3. The genotypes resistant to early blight but having low yield (Sel-35, Sel-19, Sel-9 and Sel-16) may be utilized in future breeding programme for improving yield through selection for higher fruit weight and fruit diameter. Alternatively, they may be used as parents in hybridization or backcrossing programme in order to transfer the gene for resistance to early blight to already adapted high yield varieties.

scholarly journals Gene Based ­­­­Markers in Marker-Assisted Selection to Screen Tomato Genotypes Resistant to Fusarium Wilt, Late Blight, Verticillium Wilt, Leaf Mold, Bacterial Spot and Bacterial Speck

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Mahfouze ◽  
Sherin Mahfouze
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Bacterial Speck ◽  
Leaf Mold ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

Abstract The tomato crop is exposed to serious losses due to infection with several diseases and pests, which threaten tomato production in Egypt and worldwide. Therefore, selecting the tomato germplasm resistant or tolerant to a specific pathogen by molecular markers closely linked to resistance loci is a desirable goal of this study. In this work, seven co-dominant markers targeting six resistance genes (I-1, Ve, Ph3, Cf-9/Cf-4, Rx4, and Pto) for six main diseases [ fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici), verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae and V. alboatrum), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) and bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato)], respectively were determined. Theses molecular markers differentiated among 19 tomato genotypes resistant (homozygote/heterozygote) and susceptible (homozygote) to the pathogens. Therefore, this study supplied us with novel tomato lines with resistance to multiple diseases, and their pyramiding inside domesticated tomato cultivars are suggested to apply in the tomato breeding programs of resistance against fungal and bacterial diseases.

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