Assessment of lipid profile in-patients with Nephrotic syndrome in Kano Metropolis

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a complex kidney disease associated with numerous complications which can subsequently lead to cardiovascular disease among others. This study was aimed at assessing the lipid profile, serum and urinary proteins of patients with Nephrotic syndrome (NS) in Kano metropolis. A total of 50 NS patients and 25 apparently healthy volunteers(controls) were recruited for the study, made up of 32 males and 18 females with the age range of 4-70 years. Blood and urine sample were collected from the participants. Serum urea and creatinine were determined using urease berthelot’s reaction and Alkaline picrate methods. Serum total protein and albumin were assayed using Biuret and bromocresol green binding method through the manual colorimetrictechnique. Serum lipid profile were measured by an enzymatic spectrophotomeric method and the precipitation enzymatic method was specifically used for evaluating the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Urine protein was determined using sulphur salicylic acid test. SPSS software package version 21 was used for the analysis of data. High frequency of NS of 40(80%) was observed in patients of <18 years while patient of >46 years had a lower frequency of 4(8%). Males recorded higher frequency of 32(64%) and the frequency of NS among females was 18(36%), thus the male to female ratio for NS was 1.78:1. The mean values of serum creatinine, urea, urinary protein (UP), total cholesterol (T.C), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), T.C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL/HDL-C ratio were significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients with NS than the healthy volunteers. Total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin, HDL-C ratio were significantly lower (p<0.05) in NS when compared to healthy volunteers. There was positive correlation between UP and TC, TG and LDL, however, negative correlation was observed between UP and HDL-C with no statistical significance. Dyslipidemia, decreased serum protein and increase serum creatinine, Urea as well as UP were associated with NS. In conclusion, lipid profile and UP analysis may be a useful tool for diagnosis of NS and early diagnosis can reduce the disease morbidity.

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The association between PON1 gene polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) and nephrotic syndrome in Iraqi children

Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences ◽

10.47419/bjbabs.v2i03.55 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (03) ◽

pp. 118-130

Author(s):

Raghad Ali ◽

Rayah Baban ◽

Shatha Ali

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Paraoxonase 1 ◽

Pon1 Activity ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Coding Region ◽

Pon1 Gene ◽

Homozygous Genotype

Background: The role of paraoxonase 1 enzyme (PON1) and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) has been reported previously in different ethnic and racial groups with divergent results. The human PON1 gene contains two coding region polymorphisms leading to two different PON1 isoforms. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to find out the association between the PON1 (Q192R and L55M) polymorphisms and their relation with serum PON1 activity as well as lipid profile tests (total cholesterol, TC; triglycerides, TG; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-c; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c) in children with NS. Methods: This study included a total of 80 participants (40 with NS in the age group of 2-14 years and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls). The PON1 enzyme activity and lipid profile tests were measured in serum samples of all included participants. The PON1 genotype was determined by PCR-restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for both PON1 alleles (192 and 55) SNPs. Results: Our findings showed that the mean levels of lipid profile tests (TC, TG, LDL-c) were significantly increased in patients when compared with healthy controls (p<0.05), while the HDL-c concentration was significantly decreased in patients than that of controls. Also, the patients had significantly lower concentrations of PON1 when compared with the controls regardless of the genotype Q192R and L55M polymorphisms. Moreover, the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly frequent in patients when compared with the controls. Conclusions: Our results support that the presence of the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly higher in patients compared with the controls.

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Alterations in Lipids and Adipocyte Hormones in Female-to-Male Transsexuals

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2010/945053 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Prakash Chandra ◽

Sukhdeep S. Basra ◽

Tai C. Chen ◽

Vin Tangpricha

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Testosterone Therapy ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Atherogenic Lipid Profile

Testosterone therapy in men and women results in decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). We sought to determine whether testosterone therapy has this same effect on lipid parameters and adipocyte hormones in female-to-male (FTM) transsexuals. Twelve FTM transsexuals provided a fasting lipid profile including serum total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides prior to and after 1 year of testosterone therapy (testosterone enanthate or cypionate 50–125 mg IM every two weeks). Subjects experienced a significant decrease in mean serum HDL (52±11to40±7 mg/dL)(P<.001). The mean LDL(P=.316), triglyceride(P=.910), and total cholesterol(P=.769)levels remained unchanged. In a subset of subjects, we measured serum leptin levels which were reduced by 25% but did not reach statistical significance(P=.181)while resistin levels remained unchanged. We conclude that testosterone therapy in FTM transsexuals can promote an increased atherogenic lipid profile by lowering HDL and possibly reduce serum leptin levels. However, long-term studies are needed to determine whether decreases in HDL result in adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

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The Effect of Age and Gender on Fetuin-A and Some Biochemical parameters in Blood Sera of Iraqi patients with T2DM: A comparative study

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.12.1.197-203 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 197-203

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Protein ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Fetuin A ◽

And Control

The serum protein test includes measurement of the level of total protein(albumin, globulin). Fetuin-A is a blood protein made in liver. It can inhibit insulin receptor, enhance insulin sensitivity and make the individuals more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, then disorder in lipid profile (Total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), Triglyceride(TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) . To evaluate Fetuin-A, total protein, albumin, globulin, HbAlc and lipid profile in 200 adult and elderly Iraqi patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were taken and compare them with 200 subjects as a healthy control. The laboratory analysis(for patients and control ) were performed to determine these parameters .The results show that FBG. HbA1c, Lipid profile for (patients and control) (except HDL-c) were increase with age with a significant difference (p0.05) between male and female. Serum total protein, globulin, Fetuin-A, increase with age while albumin decrease with age(in patients and control).

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Perfluoroalkyl substances and lipid profile in exposed pregnant women in the Veneto Region, Italy

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

T Dalla Zuanna ◽

G Barbieri ◽

G Pitter ◽

M Zare Jeddi ◽

F Daprà ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Additive Models ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Perfluoroalkyl Substances ◽

Surveillance Program ◽

Veneto Region ◽

Exposed Population

Abstract Background Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent and widespread environmental pollutants. Residents of a large area of the Veneto Region (North-Eastern Italy) were exposed to high concentrations of PFASs through drinking water from the late-1970s to 2013. PFASs have been consistently associated with raised serum lipids, but only few studies have been conducted among pregnant women, and none has stratified analyses by trimesters of gestation. Our main objective was to evaluate the association between perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) levels and lipid profiles in high-exposed pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 319 pregnant women (age 14-48 years) recruited in the Regional health surveillance program. Serum PFASs were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Non-fasting serum total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by enzymatic assays in automated analysers, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. The associations between ln-transformed PFASs (and categorized into quartiles) and lipids were assessed using generalized additive models. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and stratified according to pregnancy trimester. Results In the first trimester, plasma concentrations of both PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with TC. However in the third trimester PFOA levels were instead inversely significantly associated with TC and LDL-C levels. Overall, both PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with HDL-C, and PFOA negatively with LDL-C. Conclusions In a small highly exposed population of pregnant women, the associations between PFASs concentrations and lipid profile were modified by trimester of gestation. Patterns late in pregnancy were different to the positive associations with LDL-C generally found. Differential transfer and bioaccumulation of lipids and PFAS in the placenta across gestation might explain our findings. Key messages This study provides evidence of different patterns of PFAS associations with lipids in pregnant women across the trimesters of gestation. The different patterns of association from general population studies sheds light on the role of fetal nutrition during pregnancy affecting both lipids and PFAS in serum.

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Comparative effects of ethanol leaf and stem bark extracts of Irvingia gabonensis (BUSH MANGO) on sodium arsenite-induced lipid profile perturbtions in wistar rats

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-020-00241-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Efosa Godwin Ewere ◽

Ngozi Paulinus Okolie ◽

Erhunmwunsee Dalton Avan ◽

Patience Edet Umoh

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Background Exposure to arsenic orchestrates a myriad of noxious health effects, including cancer. Different parts of Irvingia gabonensis are used as herbal remedies in traditional medicine. In this study, the comparative effects of the ethanol leaf (ELEIG) and stem bark extracts (ESEIG) of Irvingia gabonensis on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats were investigated. Methods Fifty five Wistar rats weighing between 100 g and 179 g were distributed into eleven groups (n=5). Group 1 (control) received feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 received SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for 14 days. Groups 3–11 were treated with the extracts with or without SA. Treatment was done by oral intubation for 14 days. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), total lipids (TL) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were used to determine the lipid profile effects of the extracts. Results Exposure to SA caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Post-treatment and simultaneous treatment with ELEIG and ESEIG mitigated the effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG alone at various doses produced results comparable with control values. However, ESEIG alone caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Conclusion These results show that ELEIG and ESEIG ameliorate SA-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats. However, long-term administration of ESEIG alone may be discouraged.

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Association of plant-based diets with lipid profile and anthropometric indices: a cross-sectional study

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-06-2021-0181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Mohadese Borazjani ◽

Mehran Nouri ◽

Kamesh Venkatakrishnane ◽

Maryam Najafi ◽

Shiva Faghih

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Healthy Plant ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type

Purpose Plant-based diets have been related to decreasing morbidity and mortality of many non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between plant-based diets and lipid profiles and anthropometric indices. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was performed on 236 men and women selected from Shiraz health-care centers. This study used a 168-item food frequency questionnaire to calculate plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Furthermore, body mass index, a body shape index and conicity index (CI) were calculated after measuring weight, height and waist circumference. Findings Higher score of PDI was significantly related to higher triglycerides level (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.48; P = 0.03). In the fully adjusted model, there was a significant association between ABSI and hPDI (OR = 4.88; 95% CI: 1.17, 20.24; P = 0.03). A significant inverse association was observed between uPDI and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.98; P = 0.03). Also, this study found a decreasing, but insignificant trend in relation of ABSI (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.22, 2.34) and CI (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.56) with PDI. Research limitations/implications Further studies are needed to explore the association of PDI with anthropometric indices and lipid profile and also to assess the potential causality of the observed associations. Plant-based diets according to their contents could affect triglycerides, HDL and anthropometric properties. Practical implications Hence, dietitians should consider the findings of this study such as the inverse effect of unhealthy plant-based diets on HDL and the relation between healthy plant-based diets and WC and abdominal obesity. Originality/value This study showed that adherence to a plant-based diet was related to higher triglycerides levels. Also, uPDI was inversely associated with HDL level. Furthermore, participants who adhered more to a healthy plant-based diet had higher abdominal adiposity.

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L-Carnitine Supplementation Increases Trimethylamine-N-Oxide but not Markers of Atherosclerosis in Healthy Aged Women

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000495037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 11-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Joanna J. Samulak ◽

Angelika K. Sawicka ◽

Dace Hartmane ◽

Solveiga Grinberga ◽

Osvalds Pugovics ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽

Carnitine Supplementation ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽

Factor Α

Background: L-carnitine can be metabolized to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a molecule that promotes atherogenesis through its interaction with macrophages and lipid metabolism. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess whether L-carnitine supplementation may promote changes in selected serum biomarkers of atherosclerosis. Methods: Before the start, in the mid-point and after completing the 24-weeks supplementation protocol, fasting blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein. Plasma free L-carnitine and TMAO were determined by the UPLC/MS/MS method. Serum proteins were determined by the enzyme immunoassay method using commercially available kits. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides have been determined using standard automatic analyzer. Results: L-carnitine supplementation elevated fasting plasma carnitine in the mid-point of our study and it remained increased until the end of supplementation period. Moreover, it induced tenfold increase in plasma TMAO concentration but did not affect serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, L-selectin, P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 or lipid profile markers. Conclusion: We demonstrated that although oral L-carnitine supplementation significantly increased plasma TMAO concentration, no lipid profile changes or other markers of adverse cardiovascular events were detected in healthy aged women over the period of 24 weeks.

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Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on the Lipid Profile of Patients with Sjögren Syndrome

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.131156 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 902-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Michail P. Migkos ◽

Theodora E. Markatseli ◽

Chrisoula Iliou ◽

Paraskevi V. Voulgari ◽

Alexandros A. Drosos

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Sjögren Syndrome ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Entire Group ◽

Sjogren Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Changes Over Time

Objective.Many studies have highlighted the hypolipidemic action of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We investigated the effect of HCQ on the lipid profile of patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS).Methods.The present retrospective observational study included 71 female patients with SS treated with HCQ. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and atherogenic index (TC/HDL) were measured at baseline, after 6 months, and 1, 3, and 5 years after initiation of HCQ treatment. Analysis to investigate changes over time was performed in the entire patient group and in the separate subgroups: those receiving (21 patients) and those not receiving (50 patients) hypolipidemic treatment.Results.For the entire group of patients a statistically significant decrease in TC was noted (levels before treatment 220 ± 41 mg/dl, and at 5 yrs 206 ± 32 mg/dl, p = 0.006). A statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of HDL (57 ± 14 mg/dl vs 67 ± 17 mg/dl, p < 0.001) and in atherogenic index (4.0 ± 1.3 vs 3.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001). Patients not receiving a hypolipidemic agent during the same period demonstrated a decrease in TC (214 ± 40 mg/dl vs 208 ± 34 mg/dl, p = 0.049), an increase in HDL levels (55 ± 15 mg/dl vs 67 ± 18 mg/dl, p < 0.001), and a decrease in atherogenic index (4.0 ± 1.4 vs 3.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients receiving hypolipidemic treatment, the respective changes in their lipid profile were not significant in the first years but became significant in the long term.Conclusion.Use of HCQ in patients with SS was related to a statistically significant decrease in TC, an increase in HDL, and improvement in the atherogenic index.

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Plasma Lipid Profile of Moderate and Severe Hypertensive Patients

European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology ◽

10.24018/ejbio.2020.1.4.48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ibikunle Akinlua ◽

Akinwumi T. Ogundajo ◽

Olufisayo G. Oyebanji ◽

Babajide O. Arobasalu

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Plasma Level ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

University Teaching ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Mild Hypertensive

Hypertension is the most prevalent and treatable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elevated levels of lipid in the blood also known as hyperlipideamia or dyslipidemia have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and most cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. This study was designed to evaluate the plasma level of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients with a view to provide information on the link between these parameters and the development and severity of hypertension. Blood samples were collected from 120 freshly diagnosed hypertensive patients consisting of 60 mild and 60 severe hypertensive patients at Wesley Guide Hospital of Obafemi Awolowo University teaching Hospital Ilesa Osun state and 60 relatively healthy subjects as control. Plasma level of lipid profile [namely High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC)] in the blood sample of both patients and control subjects were analyzed using standard methods. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis (p<0.05).The results of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients was compared to the control subjects. The results in mild hypertensive patients were also compared with the severe ones. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the plasma level of TC and LDLc in both mild and severe hypertensive patients when compared with the control subjects. Similarly a significant increase (p<0.05) was recorded in the plasma level of the both TC and LDLc in severe hypertensive patients when compared with mild hypertensive patients. However, the plasma level of HDLc in moderate and severe hypertensive patients was slightly lowered but not significant (p<0.05) while plasma TG level was not significantly different when compared with the control subjects. This study reveals a progressive increase in the plasma level of TC and LDLc from mild to severe hypertensive patients which could be a pointer to the fact that abnormalities in lipid metabolism might plays a significant role in the development and severity of hypertension.

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Executive functioning and serum lipid fractions in Parkinson’s disease—a possible sex-effect: the PACOS study

Journal of Neural Transmission ◽

10.1007/s00702-022-02460-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Antonina Luca ◽

Roberto Monastero ◽

Calogero Edoardo Cicero ◽

Roberta Baschi ◽

Giulia Donzuso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Positive Association ◽

Executive Dysfunction ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Lipid Fractions

AbstractThe association between dyslipidemia and cognitive performance in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients still needs to be clarified. Aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of possible associations between serum lipids fractions and executive dysfunction also exploring the sex-specific contribute of lipids level on cognition. Patients from the PACOS cohort, who underwent a complete serum lipid profile measures (total cholesterol-TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL and triglycerides-TG) were selected. Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program were used to classify normal/abnormal lipid fractions. Executive functioning was assessed with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Logistic regression was performed to assess associations between lipids fractions and FAB score. Correlations between lipids fractions and FAB score were explored. Sex-stratified analysis was performed. Three hundred and forty-eight PD patients (148 women; age 66.5 ± 9.5 years; disease duration 3.9 ± 4.9 years) were enrolled. Women presented significantly higher TC, LDL and HDL than men. In the whole sample, any association between lipid profile measures and FAB score was found. Among women, a positive association between hypertriglyceridemia and FAB score under cutoff was found (OR 3.4; 95%CI 1.29–9.03; p value 0.013). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the FAB score and triglyceride serum levels (r = − 0.226; p value 0.005). Differently, among men, a statistically significant negative association between hypercholesterolemia and FAB score under cutoff (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.17–0.84; p value 0.018) and between high LDL levels and FAB score under cutoff (OR 0.4; 95%CI 0.18–0.90; p value 0.027) were found. Our data suggest a sex-specific different role of lipids in executive functioning.

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