Study on the local know-how of the use of beef hides in western Cameroon meals

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Christelle Laure Maguipa Tandzong ◽  
Pierre Désiré Mbougueng ◽  
Alphonse Sokamte Tegang ◽  
Hilaire Macaire Womeni

The current study was conducted in four localities in the West region of Cameroon from May to September 2019, to know the pre-treatments made on given to beef hides before their use in different dishes, as well as the ingredients used in the preparation of pepper soup beef hides through household surveys. A total of 307 housewives were surveyed interviewed. The data was collected using a questionnaire and further analyzed using Sphinx Plus2 V5 software. Results showed that 54.6 to 71% participants consumed beef hides monthly. More than 50% participants purchased their beef hides at the butchery at a price varying between XAF 1,000 for 1Kg of uncleaned smoked beef hides and XAF 3,000 for 2Kg of clean smoked beef hides. The results also showed that there were five main stages in the preparation of beef hides and housewives had a greater preference of beef hides from the head and buttocks. The pre-cooking of beef hides was done between 180 and 240 minutes, with a quantity of water varying between 4 and 5 liters for 1 to 2Kg of beef hides, on the wood fire. “Eru” and “Yellow achu sauce” were cited as the main sauces in which beef hides were used at 95.40% and 85% respectively. Besides, more than 70% of housewives used a maximum of five ingredients for the preparation of pepper soup beef hides. Our findings revealed, interesting insights on the steps and ingredients used when preparing pepper soup beef hides that will be of great importance in the development of better formulation for pepper soup beef hides preparation


Author(s):  
Claude Nangwat ◽  
Thierry Kammalac Ngouana ◽  
Aude Ngueguim Dougue ◽  
Cyrille Levis Kountchou ◽  
Alfred Itor Ekpo ◽  
...  

Background: Studies on the assessment of the virulence factors of C. glabrata sensu stricto strains are on the rise. This is partly due to the increase in recurrent C. glabrata infections that have contributed to increased mortality rates. Published data on the virulence characteristics of C. glabrata strains in Cameroon are very rare. Aims: This study aimed at assessing some virulence characteristics, including the capacity to form biofilms and hydrolytic enzymes (protease, esterase and phospholipase). Methods: Fifty-four (54) molecularly (MALDI-TOF) identified non-duplicate C. glabrata sensu stricto clinical isolates initially collected in a previous study, were used in the present study. These isolates were obtained from stool (S), urine (U), oro-pharyngeal (OPS) and cervico-vaginal (CVS) swabs of pregnant women, diabetic patients (both types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus), HIV/AIDS and other patients who had neither of these diseases. Phospholipase, protease, esterase and biofilm activities were assessed using previously described methods. Results: Our results revealed that our isolates were more able to produce phospholipase (37.04%) than they were able to produce protease (1.85%) and esterase (0%). The high producers of phospholipase (Pz < 0.7) originated mostly from oro-pharyngeal swabs (41.17%) of some diabetic patients and pregnant women. Also, all our isolates were formers of biofilm, most (74.42%) of which had lower (< 100%) biofilm formation activity compared to our reference strain. To be able to give a significant conclusion about the virulence characteristics of C. glabrata strains in the west region, we recommend that more studies be carried on a larger number of strains.



2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Dae Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  


2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fokou Elie ◽  
Ponka Roger ◽  
Tchinda Dimofo Patrice Ho ◽  
Domguia Kenmogne Hernan Bri ◽  
Tchouba Lisy Blonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  


Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4763 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
ALAIN SIMEU-NOUTCHOM ◽  
SEVILOR KEKEUNOU ◽  
ALAIN CHRISTEL WANDJI ◽  
MARCELLE MBADJOUN NZIKE ◽  
CHARLY OUMAROU NGOUTE ◽  
...  

Gryllotalpa weisei Simeu-Noutchom & Kekeunou sp. nov. was collected only in Tombel in the South-West region of Cameroon, during a survey conducted from March 2016 to March 2018 in the West, South-West and Centre regions of Cameroon. This species is close to Gryllotalpa microptera, collected for the first time in Cameroon during these investigations, only in the West region. G. weisei is different from G. microptera due to the hind wings that are vestigial; average fore wings length of 5.85±0.56 mm in male and 5.34±0.45 mm in female, not reaching the fifth abdominal segment; anal end of fore wings slightly concave; a stridulatory file with 54±8.02 teeth (47–71) in average, fairly spaced, with an average of 30±5.06 teeth per millimeter; hind tibia bearing 11 spines; internal process of ectophallus quite short. G. weisei abounds in mixed crop fields, followed by cocoa agro-forests; it is scarce in grassy fallows and in forest undergrowth. G. microptera was present in all types of vegetations in Bafoussam, Babeté and Bangoulap in the West region where it has been abundant in mixed crop fields, grass-fallow and coffee agro-forest but rare in forest undergrowth. 



2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard H. Yu ◽  
Willy C. Shih

The stellar growth of Taiwan's personal-computer (PC) industry over the past three decades represents a paradox. Participating in the global production system, local firms in Taiwan grew in association with established firms in the West. Despite their technical know-how, manufacturing prowess, and size, most leading Taiwanese firms did not develop their own capabilities in branding and marketing. A close examination of the historical evolution of the industry reveals that interactions with established companies in the West, in addition to local competition, decisively shaped capability development among latecomer firms. A few firms in Taiwan that eventually joined the ranks of global PC brands had been investing in marketing early, guided by a strategic vision rather than near-term economic calculation.



2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Muna Aljhaj-Saleh Salama Al-Ajrami

This research aims to study Wolof people in terms of their origin, background, and language. It will also discuss the factors that led Arabic to spread among the members of this tribe, such as the religious factor after the spreading of Islam in the West of Africa (i.e. Mauritania, Senegal, and Gambia), where Wolof people reside. The commercial factor also affected the spreading of Arabic language in the aforementioned areas. In addition to that, the emigration factor of some Arab tribes from Egypt and the Arab peninsula that resided in the far west of Africa for economic and political reasons had an impact on the spreading. Finally, the study will show the impact of Arabic Language on Wolof Language as the following:  1) the Arabic phonetics and their alternatives in this language; 2) the borrowed vocabulary in Wolof language from Arabic; and 3) Conduct a contrastive analysis in verb conjugation, masculinity and femininity, and definiteness and indefiniteness between the two languages to know how far Arabic Language has impacted Wolof Language.



Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 236 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yan Ling Li ◽  
J Patrick Kociolek ◽  
Rui Lei Zhang ◽  
Li Qing Wang

During a survey of freshwater diatoms from streams in the west region of the Tianmu Mountains, Zhejiang Province, China, a new Oricymba species, Oricymba tianmuensis sp. nov. has been recorded. A detailed morphology description of O. tianmuensis is presented, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Oricymba tianmuensis sp. nov. is characterized by a ridge along the valve face typical of the genus, as well as a linear-lanceolate, symmetrical or slightly dorsiventral outline with a gibbous central portion gradually tapering or nearly paralleling towards the bluntly cuneate poles, a distinct rhombic-lanceolate asymmetric central area with a distinct stigma on the ventral side of the central nodule, a slightly lateral raphe with widened proximal endings and strongly deflected distal endings, and weakly radiate striae. Morphological features of the taxon are compared with similar species, and the biogeography of the genus is summarized.





2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bintcha Walter ◽  
Essi Marie José ◽  
Mayopa Cédric François ◽  
Njoya Oudou
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  


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