scholarly journals The use of specific linguistic features within the context of a casual conversation in a speech community

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 294-309
Author(s):  
Ekiyokere Ekiye
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Phonological Variation ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Indian English ◽  
Grammatical Variation ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Discourse Variation

There seems to be nothing remarkable about the interaction between two interlocutors who have never been in contact with each other. These persons are able to understand themselves in contact situations because most times, a common language of communication is known that can sustain the exchange for the time necessary. However, when such exchange is between individuals with some level of contact or familiarity, the concept of speech community comes into play. The concept is useful but may be problematic at times and one cannot avoid applying this idea when trying to make sense of the process that takes place in the conversation, specifically a causal conversation. The aim of this sociolinguistic study is to explain how individuals are able to build social history, construct interactional talk, maintain relations with each other and reinforce solidarity from a two hour audio recorded conversation (ARC) between an ethnic Indian and a Nigerian in Marylebone, London using interactional socio-linguistic and conversation analytic. By doing so, the concept of a speech community as well as how a group can be identified as being members of a community is understood. A particular focus is paid to such linguistic features as the register of conversation, turn taking, discourse variation, phonological variation and grammatical variation characteristic of London, Nigerian and Indian English observed in the speech of the participants and how these features function to build and maintain relations. Keywords: Speech community, Casual conversation, Linguistic features, Sociolinguistics, ARC

An Analysis of Indian English News Headlines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samapika Roy ◽  
◽  
Sukhada ◽  
Anil Kr. Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
News Article ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Indian English ◽  
Natural Languages ◽  
British English ◽  
Sentence Construction ◽  
News Headlines

News Headlines (NHs) are of the most creative uses of natural languages in a media text. An NH is the frontline of a news article. Specific characteristics make NHs standout: for instance, article omission, use of active verbs, dropping the copula to save space and to attract the reader’s attention to the most significant words, etc. Some research has been done on linguistic analysis of British English NH, Hindi-Urdu NHs, but hardly any work has been conducted on IndENH. This paper attempts to analyze Indian English newspaper headlines (IndENH), and aims to contribute to the accuracy of News Headline parsing. This study determines the linguistic features of the IndENH, to improve the quality of the parsed output of NHs. This paper covers sentence construction, tense, punctuation marks, metaphors, etc. for linguistic analysis.

Where does a New English dictionary stop? On the making of the Dictionary of South African Indian English

English Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Rajend Mesthrie
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Indian English ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Australian English

This paper reflects on the recently published Dictionary of South African Indian English (Mesthrie, 2010, henceforth DSAIE) in terms of the decisions that have to be made over content in a New English variety. ‘New English’ is used in the commonly accepted sense of a variety that has arisen as a second language in a multilingual context, mainly under British colonialism, but which has gained an identity of its own on account of its characteristic linguistic features which differ from those of the erstwhile target language, viz. educated British English. Dictionaries of English outside of England and the United States of America are no longer novel: well-known efforts include the Macquarie Dictionary of Australian English (Butler et al., 2009) and The Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles (Silva et al., 1996). In the same vein Hobson-Jobson (Yule & Burnell, 1886) recorded the lexis of colonial India, concentrating more on the vocabulary of the British there, though usage characteristic of Indians is also cited. Post-colonial India is still served by lexicographers of British origins: Hanklyn-Janklin (Hankin, 1994) and Sahibs, Nabobs and Boxwallahs (Lewis, 1991) are both true to the Hobson-Jobson tradition in feel and style, whilst being fairly up-to-date. I am unaware of any systematic dictionary work treating of the more colloquial words of Indian English, this 30 years on from Braj Kachru's (1983) article ‘Toward a Dictionary’. The popular guidebook series Lonely Planet has stolen a march on the lexicographers in producing a vibrant, popular book Indian English: Language and Culture (2008), with an emphasis on vocabulary amidst other culture lessons. The new internet era has also provided online dictionaries, the most sophisticated in my experience being the Dictionary of Singlish and Singapore English launched in 2004 (www.singlishdictionary.com).

Dialogic representations of Britishness and Irishness

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Ajtony
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Careful Choice ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constructionist Approach

Speakers construct their identities by careful choice of the appropriate linguistic features that will convey the specific social information that identifies them as part of a particular speech community (cf. Riley 2007, Joseph 2004). The social constructionist approach focuses on how social actors use linguistic and other cultural resources in the ongoing construction and re-construction of personal and group identity in interaction. Under such a view, identity (and hence ethnicity) is necessarily dynamic (Schilling-Estes 2004). Recent research on fictional characters and scripted discourse has proved the legitimacy of this scholarly area among language studies (Kozloff 2000, Culpeper 2001, Walshe 2009, Eder et al. 2010, Dynel 2011, Furkó 2013). This paper investigates several possibilities for the dialogic construction of the British and Irish ethnic stereotype. Drawing the distinction between real and fictional characters (Culpeper 2010), the micro-sociolinguistic, pragmalinguistic analysis of my corpora, taken from contemporary cinematographic representations of Britishness and Irishness, aims to compare some of the strategies that interactional partners employ, and which reveal several facets of their identities.

scholarly journals GENDER DIFFERENCES OF STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saibani Wiyanto ◽  
Panji Wisnu Asmorobangun
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
School Students ◽  
Linguistic Feature ◽  
Writing Ability ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Significant Research

Language has an important role for every member of the speech community. The connection between language and society is recognized as the main interest of sociolinguistics. Nowadays, sociolinguistic has involved many significant research topics. One of them is the relationship between gender and language. Studies about gender differences have been conducted for many years, which also deals with the use of a language as a foreign language. For instance, studying English as a foreign language (EFL) among the nonnative speakers and its gender-sensitive investigation. The current article provides insights on gender differences among senior high school students with a focus on their writing ability. The purposes of this article were to find the linguistic feature that male and female students tend to use and to find out the gender differences reflected on the students writing ability. The article used a qualitative design with document analysis as the approach. The subject of this article was one class of X MIPA 2 at MAN 6 Jombang. The source of the data was students’ writings, while the data were all linguistics components of the students’ works. The data contain some types of linguistic features based on Mulac’s theory. This article found four linguistic features used by the students. It can be concluded that males often used locative feature and females often used a reference to quantity feature and “I” reference feature. 

scholarly journals Language Style in the Advertisements Broadcast in Cassanova Bali Radio

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Dewa Ayu Made Nadya Puspa Priani ◽  
A.A. Sagung Shanti Sari Dewi ◽  
I Gede Budiasa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Vernacular Language ◽  
Language Style ◽  
Language Styles

The study entitled Language Style in the Advertisements Broadcast in Cassanova Bali Radio are aimed to identify the types of language styles used and to analyze the linguistic features that are applied in Cassanova Bali radio advertisements. The data of this study was taken from six advertisement scripts on Cassanova Bali radio that broadcast from August 1st until August 30th 2017. These data were collected by using documentation method and analyzed by using qualitative method based on the theory proposed by Holmes (1992) and Grey (2008). After analyzing the data, vernacular language is the most common language style used by Cassanova Bali radio and found in five advertisements (17 sentences), meanwhile the standard language is rarely used by Cassanova Bali radio and only found in one advertisement (3 sentences). It was also found that Cassanova Bali radio used five linguistic features to attract more consumers and the most common feature is familiar language (24 words), followed by use of imperative (15 words), hyperbole (6 words), repetition (3 words) and simple vocabulary (3 words).

Arabic Historical Dialectology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
South Arabia ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Arabic Speaking

This book, by a group of leading international scholars, outlines the history of the spoken dialects of Arabic from the Arab conquests of the seventh century up to the present day. It specifically investigates the evolution of Arabic as a spoken language, in contrast to the many existing studies that focus on written Classical or Modern Standard Arabic. The volume begins with a discursive introduction that deals with important issues in the general scholarly context, including the indigenous myth and probable reality of the history of Arabic; Arabic dialect geography and typology; types of internally and externally motivated linguistic change; social indexicalization; and pidginization and creolization in Arabic-speaking communities. Most chapters then focus on developments in a specific region—Mauritania, the Maghreb, Egypt, the Levant, the Northern Fertile Crescent, the Gulf, and South Arabia—with one exploring Judaeo-Arabic, a group of varieties historically spread over a wider area. The remaining two chapters in the volume examine individual linguistic features of particular historical interest and controversy, specifically the origin and evolution of the b- verbal prefix, and the adnominal linker –an/–in. The volume will be of interest to scholars and students of the linguistic and social history of Arabic as well as to comparative linguists interested in topics such as linguistic typology and language change.

Sinitic as a typological sandwich: revisiting the notions of Altaicization and Taicization

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Yiu Szeto ◽  
Chingduang Yurayong
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Grammatical Variation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Typological Variation ◽  
Sinitic Languages

Abstract Decades of works dedicated to the description of (previously) lesser-known Sinitic languages have effectively dispelled the common myth that these languages share a single “universal Chinese grammar”. Yet, the underlying cause of their grammatical variation is still a matter for debate. This paper focuses on typological variation across Sinitic varieties. Through comparing the typological profiles of various Sinitic languages with those of their Altaic and Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) neighbors, we discuss to what extent the variation within the Sinitic branch can be attributed to areal diffusion. Taking into account over 360 language varieties of seven different genetic affiliations (Sinitic, Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Hmong-Mien, Tai-Kadai, Austroasiatic) and 30 linguistic features, we conduct a typological survey with the aid of the phylogenetic program NeighborNet. Our results suggest that convergence towards their non-Sinitic neighbors has likely played a pivotal role in the typological diversity of Sinitic languages. Based primarily on their degree of Altaic/MSEA influence, the Sinitic varieties in our database are classified into four areal groups, namely 1) Northern, 2) Transitional, 3) Central Southeastern, 4) Far Southern. This classification scheme reflects the intricate interplay between areal convergence, regional innovations, and retention of archaic features.

scholarly journals A IDENTIDADE LINGÜÍSTICA DA COMUNIDADE DE FALA: PARALELISMO INTERDIALETAL NOS PADRÕES DE VARIAÇÃO LINGÜÍSTICA

Organon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (28-29) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Guy
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Conceptual Problem ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Phonological Process ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Syntactic Process ◽  
Constraint Effects

The basic sociolinguistic model for relationships between idiolects anddialects is the speech community, defined by shared linguistic features andattitudes and relatively high internal density of communication. Since thesedefinitions are relative, speech communities can nest and overlap, so that localsubdialects, sociolects, ethnic lects, and personal networks can form smallerspeech communities that share local traits and are locally high in communicationdensity, while still belonging to a broader speech community which shares widertraits, and whose internal communication density is high, relative to, say, othergeographic regions. In variation studies, it has long been assumed that some of theshared linguistic traits that define a community are certain constraints on variableprocesses. The conceptual problem that arises with this model is, how far areconstraints shared, and how much can they differ? If some constraint was due, forexample, to a universal process, then it would be expected to be shared by allspeakers of all speech communities, while at the other extreme, the existence ofidiosyncratic differences in language usage raises the possibility that at least someconstraints may differ for each individual. This paper takes a cross-dialectalcomparative approach. Two variable processes are studied in four communitiesdrawn from the VARSUL corpus, each with distinctive ethnic and sociolinguisticcharacteristics. A socially diversified sample of 8-12 speakers is investigated ineach community. The variables investigated include one syntactic process (nounphrase Agreement, NPA) and one phonological process (final -s deletion, SDEL).The constraints on NPA are mainly morphosyntactic in nature while theconstraints on SDEL are straightforwardly phonological. In each case, theconstraint effects are broadly similar across communities and speakers. Betweenspeakerdifferences within communities are mainly the result of either statisticalnoise (smaller sample sizes lead to larger differences), or of predictable socialdifferentiation (e.g. speakers with less formal education use more of the nonstandard variants.) And, strikingly, the main constraint effects are highlyconsistent across the different communities. The results generally lend support tothe model of Cedergren & Sankoff (1974), that "performance is a statisticalreflection of competence", and competence, here dealing with the knowledge ofwhat varies where, is powerfully shared across a language community.

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