scholarly journals Two Crucial Experiments on the Nature of Light: Beyond the Bounds of Wave-Particle Duality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
C.C. Emedolu ◽  
C. Ihejirika ◽  
B.S. Nnamdi

The wave-particle duality of light has been hanging over the clouds of science as an insuperable mystery. Debates have gone on for centuries as to which of the two aspects of light best represents the natural property of light. On the one hand, the particle theory of light camp made its own submissions a long time ago with many experimental demonstrations to confirm its position. On the other hand, the wave theory of light camp did organize or face some experiments to corroborate its own position. But then, a middle ground interpretation was shoveled-in by Niels Bohr during the second decade of the 20th Century. For him, the two aspects of light are complementary and Louis de Broglie popularized it, despite the halting beginnings of the complementarity Thesis. A double-slit experiment was, however, organized to show that light has these dual aspects. The central thesis of this paper is that though light exhibits these dual aspects, it is fundamentally a wave. The paper adopts the historiographical approach in navigating this lingering issue of the nature of light in the history of science.  

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
F. A. Asadullin

The problem of disintegration of the Islamic Ummah a long time ago became the one of the most important for the Islamic world and worldview. The wave of violence in the Near and Middle East sharpened some regional conflicts, which have already taken place before. The paper deals with the roots of this conflict atmosphere in the Early Islamic period. As the tradition affirms, the Prophet Muhammad predicted the Ummah to split in 73 sects. Today there exist in any case not less than 73 different Islamic schools, movements and organizations, which mutually and constantly contest their doctrinal authenticity. Moreover, the activity of quasi- Islamic extremist organisations like the ISIS, which is forbidden inside as well as outside the Russian Federation, is quite remarkable. All these factors demonstrate, that from the academic point of view it is actual to critically research the nature of fragmentation and disintegration of Islamic communities through the prism of prophetic legends. This paper is to consider as an attempt to resolve this multidimensional problem.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Eka Rahmawati ◽  
Ragil Wijianto

Computer is the one of technology that can make people activity easier. To maximize the computer utilization it need a computerization system. Like on Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Naja Shafana that give health service. The service that given are outpatient, inpatient and emergency unit. Until now, medical records procedure at Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Naja Shafana still done by hand, one of them is on outpatient procedure. The registration of medical patient data was written on paper that susceptible from damage and data loss. Besides that, the history of medical patient start form anamnesia, diagnose and therapy wrote on paper too. The Medical patient checkup data of inpatient still on a paper. The data have been random archived, so it need long time for searching data and arrange the report. As a health unit that serve general society, Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Naja Shafana need an information system that can accelerate performance and increase redundancy, data loss and data detriment. The information system also can make archived and data searched easily and can block access from uncompetent people. Therefore, it’s necessary to make medical records information system on Klinik Pratama Rawat Inap Naja Shafana. A computerization system besides accelerate performance also can make data reporting easier.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Eka Rahmawati ◽  
Saifudin Saifudin ◽  
Chandra Kesuma ◽  
Amin Nur Rais

Abstract: Computer is the one of technology that can make people activity easier. To maximize the computer utilization it need a computerization system. Like on UPTD Puskesmas Padamara that give health service. The service that given are outpatient, inpatient and emergency unit. Until now, medical records procedure at UPTD Puskesmas Padamara still done by hand, one of them is on outpatient procedure. The filing of medical patient data was recorded on paper that susceptible to damage and data loss. Besides that, the history of medical patient start form anamnesis, diagnose and therapy wrote on paper too. The Medical patient checkup data of inpatient still on the document. The data have done randomly archived, so it needs a long time for seeking for data and manage the report. As a health unit that serves the worldwide community, UPTD Puskesmas Padamara needs an information system that can accelerate performance and increase redundancy, data loss, and data detriment. The information system also can make archived and data searched easily and can block access from uncompetent people. Therefore, it’s necessary to make medical records information system on UPTD Puskesmas Padamara. A computerization system besides accelerate performance also can make data reporting easier.Keywords: Medical Records Information System, Medical RecordsAbstrak: Komputer merupakan salah satu teknologi yang dapat mempermudah aktivitas manusia. Agar dapat memaksimalkan penggunaan komputer maka perlu dibuat sebuah sistem yang terkomputerisasi. Begitupun pada UPTD Puskesmas Padamara yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan. Pelayanan yang diberikan meliputi rawat jalan, rawat inap dan UGD. Sampai saat ini prosedur rekam medik pada UPTD Puskesmas Padamara masih dilakukan dengan manual salah satunya pada prosedur pendaftaran rawat jalan. Data pasien yang akan melakukan pendaftaran dicatat dalam sebuah dokumen yang rentan terhadap kerusakan atau hilangnya data. Selain itu riwayat pasien mulai dari diagnosa, anamnesia, dan terapi juga dicatat dalam dokumen. Pencatatan data pemeriksaan pasien rawat inap masih dilakukan dalam lembaran kertas. Data diarsipkan secara tidak terstruktur, sehingga akan membutuhkan waktu lama ketika melakukan pencarian data dan membuat laporan. Tempat arsip yang tidak dijaga dengan ketat sehingga terdapat kemungkinan pihak yang tidak berwenang mengakses data. Sebagai unit kesehatan yang melayani masyarakat umum, UPTD Puskesmas Padamara membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat mempercepat kinerja dan mengurangi redudansi, hilangnya data dan kerusakan data. Sistem informasi juga dapat mempermudah pengarsipan dan pencarian data serta dapat menghalangi pengaksesan data oleh pihak yang tidak berwenang. Oleh karenanya perlu dibuat sistem informasi rekam medik pada UPTD Puskesmas Padamara. Sistem informasi akan membantu setiap prosesnya dapat berjalan dengan baik dan terstruktur.Kata kunci: Perancangan Sistem Informasi, Sistem Informasi Rekam Medik


Author(s):  
Elena Vasilievna Lapteva

This article is dedicated to the reflection of the topic of the Russian imperial spirit and its manifestations in the Anglo-American historiography of 1970 – 2000. The article relies on the works of the representatives of American Russian studies, from its major figures (Z. Brzeziński and R. Pipes) to modern representatives (A. Grigas). The author reviews the key positions of American researchers of Russia on the general characteristic of the imperial mentality that are inherent to the Russian people and determine their political and life behavior. Reference to the manifestations of the imperial spirit and its analysis in the modern period is important, as it allows seeing the history of Russia from an outside perspective, as well as carrying out a political-sociological and historical-chronological analysis to avoid similar mistakes in the future. The main conclusions are based on the works of Anglo-American Russian studies, which indicate that the study of imperial mentality, traditions, life and political behavior of Russia remains popular in the Western sector of Russian studies. On the one hand, it continues the tradition of American Soviet studies, while on other – separates from it and delves into the local and culturological research. However, the politological component retains its positions, and searches for the new topics and approaches. The author believes that these two trends would continue to be viewed in parallel in the Anglo-American Russian studies for a long time.


1991 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Phillips

Pope John Paul's great vision of communitarianism and a New Global Order has yet to receive the recognition it deserves in furthering the understanding that humanity is built on religious values, without which transformations in totalitarian regimes would have been impossible. The essence of communitarianism, as put forth by the Vatican, consists of seeking middle ground between Marxist collectivism and rigid individualism and capitalism. Phillips traces the history of communitarianism through Aristotelian and Judeo-Christian writings, clarifying the proper function of the community in helping individuals help themselves by mobilizing church resources and countering anti-religious movements such as Nazism and communism. Communitarianism presents an encouraging universal notion of freedom, transcending the one-sided stances of Marxism and libertarian capitalism and promoting the vision of a unified human destiny.


Author(s):  
Rafał Kamprowski

For a long time, history of women was not in the mainstream of interest. The interest for this topic was not shown untill the twentieth century. The aim of this paper is to present a long and difficult struggle to gain the status similar to the one women have nowadays. It is difficult to understand the present reality without going back to the past. The role of women is undergoing a lot of changes all the time. This subject is a huge field for research. The article attempts to give a summary of publications which deal with women’s issues.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dierk Hagedorn

In this paper I will describe the adventurous history of an important late medieval German fechtbuch—a fighting manual—that belongs to a number of manuscripts known as the Gladiatoria group. In the beginning, the extent and the characteristics of this group of codices are explained; later on I will deal with one specific specimen that formerly belonged to a library in Germany—the Herzogliche Bibliothek in Gotha—from where it vanished during or after World War II. Until quite recently this manuscript was believed to be lost. I was able to identify a Gladiatoria manuscript from the Yale Center for British Art in New Haven, Connecticut, as that missing manuscript. The article presents a detailed description of the manuscript; it follows the path of the many places the codex passed through from the days of its creation until the present time; it offers a thorough line of argument that proves on one hand that the manuscript from New Haven is in fact identical to the one that disappeared from Gotha, and that verifies on the other hand an assumption by the renowned researcher Hans-Peter Hils that it is identical to yet another believed-to-be-lost manuscript that was sold by auction in Heidelberg in the 1950s and 1960s as single leaves; and finally it makes an attempt to reconstruct the original structure of the manuscript after it had been pulled apart.


Author(s):  
Hewitt Crane ◽  
Edwin Kinderman ◽  
Ripudaman Malhotra

This chapter reviews how our energy consumption grew to its present state. This growth was often a result of a fundamental change in lifestyle that itself was engendered by a shortage of one resource or another. To summarize in a few sentences the vast field of anthropology, for a long time we humans sustained ourselves as hunters and gatherers in central Africa. Our overall population was small, and we had few worldly possessions. We kept these possessions to a minimum, for they would have only encumbered our ability to move about to locate food. Faced with a shortage of game, some of us migrated to other parts of the world, and some discovered agriculture. Agriculture brought with it a complete change in the way we lived. We settled down in one place and raised our food through an increasing expenditure of energy. We also became more susceptible to diseases caused by our own waste, for unlike in the past we were now living in close proximity with the waste and the pathogens that flourished in it. Also, material possessions became valued, which meant an even greater use of energy to acquire them. In their landmark book, Limits to Growth, Meadows, Randers and Meadows have traced this history and also pointed out that time and again an inexorable desire for growth, coupled with an inability to sense the approaching limits of the required resources or to comprehend the ability of sinks to absorb the waste we produce, have led society to unsustainable situations. Our use of fossil fuels provides examples of both kinds of limits that Limits to Growth discusses. On the one hand, the increasing difficulty of obtaining oil and meeting the ever-increasing demand for it is a classic case of resource limitation. On the other hand, the potential climate change caused by accumulating greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere represents the limited ability of Earth as a sink. We have experienced limits of sustainability before, and it is instructive to learn from that history of driving forces that allowed us to transition from one fuel to another.


2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Andreas Stynen

Filmhistorici beperkten zich lange tijd tot de studie van inhoudelijke en vormelijke aspecten enerzijds en van regisseurs anderzijds. In de jaren 1990 verbreedde de focus en sindsdien worden ook het publiek en de hele kijkervaring als relevante geschiedkundige thema’s erkend. Dat perceptie vanuit diverse invalshoeken kan worden geanalyseerd, blijkt uit enkele recente publicaties van Vlaamse auteurs. In De verlichte stad (2007), een bundel onder redactie van Daniël Biltereyst en Philippe Meers, staat de geschiedenis van de infrastructuur en (verzuilde) kaders achter het bioscooplandschap centraal. Dat het zinvol is om ook vanuit de programmatie de impact op de toeschouwers te bestuderen, blijkt overtuigend uit Roel Vande Winkel en Ine Van linthouts De Vlaschaard 1943 (2007): deze minutieuze reconstructie van de controversiële verfilming van Stijn Streuvels’ grote doorbraakroman, in volle oorlogstijd, gaat uitvoerig in op het verrassende onthaal dat deze Duitse productie te beurt viel. Filmen voor Vlaanderen (2008), van Biltereyst en Vande Winkel, herinnert eraan hoe speelfilms lange tijd werden vertoond als deel van een ruimer programma, dat ook actualiteit en zelfs propaganda omvatte. Clemens De Landtsheer, de eerste secretaris van het IJzerbedevaartcomité, wordt voor het voetlicht geplaatst als één van de belangrijkste promotoren van de funderingsmythe van de Vlaamse beweging. De zeven filosofische gesprekken die Johan Swinnen voor Reflecties (2009) voerde, maken tot slot duidelijk dat filmprojectie niet enkel historische vragen oproept.________Eyes focused on the white screen. Four recent studies about film experience in Flanders.For a long time, film historians limited their studies to the content and formal aspects of film on the one hand and film directors on the other hand. During the 1990’s, the area of interest was widened and since then the public and the total viewing experience have also been recognized as relevant historical themes. Some recent publications by Flemish authors demonstrate that perception may be analysed from various perspectives. The main topic of De verlichte stad (The illuminated city) (2007), an anthology edited by Daniël Biltereyst and Philippe Meers, is the history of the infrastructure and the pillarisation behind the cinema landscape. De Vlaschaard (flax grower)1943 (2007) by Roel Vande Winkel and Ine Van linthout demonstrate convincingly that it is meaningful to study the impact on the audience from the perspective of the programming as well. This precise reconstruction of the controversial adaptation of Stijn Streuvel’s main breakthrough novel for the screen, in the middle of wartime, looks in detail at the surprising welcome enjoyed by this German production. Filming for Flanders (2008), by Biltereyst and Vande Winkel, reminds us how for a long time feature films were shown as part of a larger programme that also included current events and even propaganda. Clemens De Landtsheer, the first secretary of the IJzer Pilgrimage Committee, is brought into the limelight as one of the most important promoters of the foundation myth of the Flemish movement.  Finally, the seven philosophical conversations, which Johan Swinnen engaged in for Reflecties (reflections) (2009), demonstrate that film projections do not only evoke historical questions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Post ◽  
T. Blaine Hoshizaki ◽  
Michael D. Gilchrist ◽  
David Koncan ◽  
Lauren Dawson ◽  
...  

OBJECTIVE Concussion is a common topic of research as a result of the short- and long-term effects it can have on the affected individual. Of particular interest is whether previous concussions can lead to a biomechanical susceptibility, or vulnerability, to incurring further head injuries, particularly for youth populations. The purpose of this research was to compare the impact biomechanics of a concussive event in terms of acceleration and brain strains of 2 groups of youths: those who had incurred a previous concussion and those who had not. It was hypothesized that the youths with a history of concussion would have lower-magnitude biomechanical impact measures than those who had never suffered a previous concussion. METHODS Youths who had suffered a concussion were recruited from emergency departments across Canada. This pool of patients was then separated into 2 categories based on their history of concussion: those who had incurred 1 or more previous concussions, and those who had never suffered a concussion. The impact event that resulted in the brain injury was reconstructed biomechanically using computational, physical, and finite element modeling techniques. The output of the events was measured in biomechanical parameters such as energy, force, acceleration, and brain tissue strain to determine if those patients who had a previous concussion sustained a brain injury at lower magnitudes than those who had no previously reported concussion. RESULTS The results demonstrated that there was no biomechanical variable that could distinguish between the concussion groups with a history of concussion versus no history of concussion. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that there is no measureable biomechanical vulnerability to head impact related to a history of concussions in this youth population. This may be a reflection of the long time between the previous concussion and the one reconstructed in the laboratory, where such a long period has been associated with recovery from injury.


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