scholarly journals Pratiques culturales et gestion post-récolte du sorgho au Sénégal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1013
Author(s):  
Ramatoulaye Fall ◽  
Mady Cisse ◽  
Fallou Sarr ◽  
Catherine Brabet ◽  
Eliasse Dieme
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Bonnes Pratiques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binomial Approximation ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Post Harvest Loss ◽  
Agricultural Input

La non maîtrise ou l’ignorance des bonnes pratiques de stockage ou de conservation conduit souvent à des pertes des récoltes en Afrique. Ces dernières peuvent entrainer l’insécurité alimentaire qui est toujours une réalité en Afrique. Ceci illustre que les pratiques culturales et surtout la conservation post-récolte des céréales principaux aliments de base des populations, demeurent un problème majeur en Afrique. Une enquête a été réalisée au Sénégal dans les régions de Tambacounda et de Thiès pour étudier les pratiques culturales des producteurs de sorgho et caractériser la gestion post-récolte dans les zones de production. L’étude a été réalisée auprès de 384 producteurs de sorgho issus de 44 villages. Les zones ont été choisies suivant leur niveau de production et de pluviométrie. La taille de l’échantillon a été déterminée en utilisant l’approximation normale de la loi binomiale. Les résultats ont montré que dans chacune des régions, la proportion d’agriculteur masculin est de 97% et les ethnies dominantes sont les sérères (86%) à Thiès, les peuls et les wolofs (47% et 21%) à Tambacounda. Les semences provenaient principalement de la récolte précédente (10 à 76%) des cas et des distributeurs d’intrants agricoles (2 à 65%). Ces taux diffèrent suivant la région. Les variétés certifiées sont cultivées par 70% des producteurs à Thiès. Les variétés traditionnelles sont utilisées par 98% de ceux de Tambacounda. Cette étude a aussi révélé que les paysans utilisent différents types de séchage à la maison ou aux champs. Parmi eux 79% stockent leur récolte dans des cases, 14% dans des magasins communautaires ,7% dans des greniers sous forme de panicules ou de grains représentant respectivement 22 et 75%. Ces méthodes de prise en charge post-récolte du sorgho diffèrent selon la zone et sont dans certains cas inadéquates. Elles peuvent favoriser la déperdition post-récolte du sorgho et sa contamination par les moisissures, d’où l’intérêt de bien former les acteurs de cette filière.Mots clés : Culture, stockage, céréale, enquête, variété.   English Title: Cultural practices and post-harvest management of sorghum in Senegal Failure to master or ignore good storage or conservation practices often leads to crop loss or spoilage of food in Africa. These can lead to food insecurity and threaten food safety. As a result, cultivation practices and especially the post-harvest conservation of cereals, the main staple food of the populations, remain a major problem in West Africa. A survey was carried out in Senegal in the regions of Tambacounda and Thies to study the cultural practices of sorghum producers and characterize post-harvest management in the production areas. The study was carried out with 384 sorghum producers from 44 villages. The zones were chosen according to their level of production and rainfall. The sample size was determined using the normal binomial approximation. The results showed that in each of the regions, the proportion of male farmers is 97%, and the dominant ethnic groups are the Serer (86%) in Thies, the Peul and the Wolof (47% and 21%) in Tambacounda. The seeds came mainly from the previous harvest (10 to 76%) of the cases, and from agricultural input distributors (2 to 65%). These rates differ by region. The certified varieties are cultivated by 70% of the producers in Thies. The traditional varieties are used by 98% of those of Tambacounda. This study also revealed that farmers use different types of drying at home or in the fields. Among them, 79% store their harvest in huts, 14% in community stores, 7% in granaries in the form of panicles or grains, representing 22 and 75% respectively. These post-harvest management methods for sorghum differ by area and are in some cases inadequate. They can encourage the post-harvest loss of sorghum and its contamination by molds, hence the importance of properly training the players in this sector.Keywords: Crop, storage, cereal, survey, variety.

scholarly journals Assessing hydrothermal treatment and antagonistic yeasts combination for mango anthracnose control

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María de Jesús Ochoa-Rosas ◽  
Ernestina Valadez-Moctezuma ◽  
Gustavo Mena-Nevarez ◽  
Teodoro Espinosa-Solares ◽  
Artemio Pérez-López
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Production Areas

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the main post-harvest disease in mango in almost all production areas in the world. Hydrothermal treatment (HT: 46.1 °C for 70 min) and antagonism of yeasts Pichia guilliermondii, Candida oleophila and Candida quercitrusa were evaluated in vitro and in vivo to determine the most appropriate post-harvest management of anthracnose in "Ataulfo" mango. The pathogen C. gloeosporioides and the yeasts were evaluated at concentrations of 105 conidia ml-1 and 108 cells ml-1, respectively. The growth areas of the pathogen subjected to HT and in interaction with the yeasts were evaluated with ImageJ software. Subsequently, the most effective strains and the HT were evaluated in "Ataulfo" mango inoculated with C. gloeosporioides and the severity of the anthracnose was determined. In the in vitro assays, P. guilliermondii strain CDBB-932 was the most effective (18.6%) in controlling pathogen growth, presenting an inhibition halo that the rest of the yeasts did not show. In the in vivo assays, the combination of HT and C. quercitrusa (strain 42) was the most effective (96.8%) in the control of anthracnose. The hydrothermal treatment in combination with yeasts could be implemented preventative control of the postharvest diseases.

scholarly journals Post-harvest Loss Assessment of Banana (Musa spp.) at Jimma Town Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Getachew Etana Gemechu ◽  
Damtew Abewoy ◽  
Kedir Jaleto
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Careful Handling ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Post Harvest Loss ◽  
Jimma Town

Post-harvest loss of banana in Jimma town market was accounted a total loss of 26.5% in the supply chain. Of these, more percent of the total losses were being observed at the retail market (64.10%) and whole-salers level (35.90%). Mechanical damage followed by improper transport and improper storage were identified as the main causes of banana loss at whole-salers level while fruit rotting followed by improper ripening and mechanical damage were identified as the main causes to the loss of banana fruit at retail level. Hence, the current post-harvest management system of banana at whole-salers and retail level is inadequate. There is no sufficient attention given for the post-harvest management of banana in the supply chain. It was also observed that, there is a knowledge gap between the respondents in their experience of proper fruit handling techniques. Therefore, to reduce the level of post-harvest losses of banana, more emphasis should be given to post-harvest handling practices. The loss can be minimized or prevented by awareness creation, education and training about the importance of post-harvest losses, adopting better management operations, careful handling and packaging to the supply chain actors.

CONSTRUCTING A DEMONSTRATION VEGETABLE GARDEN

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 671f-671
Author(s):  
M. Marutani ◽  
R. Quitugua ◽  
C. Simpson ◽  
R. Crisostomo
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Crop Cover ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University

A demonstration vegetable garden was constructed for students in elementary, middle and high schools to expose them to agricultural science. On Charter Day, a University-wide celebration, students were invited to the garden on the University campus. The purpose of this project was twofold: (1) for participants to learn how to make a garden and (2) for visitors to see a variety of available crops and cultural techniques. Approximately 30 vegetable crops were grown. The garden also presented some cultural practices to improve plant development, which included weed control by solarization, mulching, a drip irrigation system, staking, shading and crop cover. Different types of compost bins were shown and various nitrogen-fixing legumes were displayed as useful hedge plants for the garden.

scholarly journals Effect of Harvest Date on Mango (Mangifera Indica L. Cultivar Osteen) Fruit’s Qualitative Development, Shelf Life and Consumer Acceptance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Gianguzzi ◽  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Paolo Inglese ◽  
Maria Gloria Lobo Rodrigo
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Constant Quality ◽  
Definition Of

The qualitative characteristics of mango fruits change throughout their development process and are also influenced by their duration. Harvesting at different times after the fruit set affects external and internal quality and the post-harvest behavior and management possibilities of the fruits. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of the most important physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of cv. Osteen fruits concern the length of their stay on the plant and also to their post-harvest management. For this reason, fruits were harvested progressively in ten pickings. The study showed that mango fruits that are kept on the tree reach the best quality traits, corresponding to their physiological maturation. The length of the storage period needed to reach the consumption point varies greatly according to the harvesting moment and to the different environmental parameters, which also affect the organoleptic and physicochemical quality of the fruits. The number of days after full flowering were confirmed to be the primary information to consider when planning harvest with commercial use of the fruit, but interesting indications can be acquired through the definition of non-destructive (hardness, color) or destructive (dry matter) parameters. The data collected help improve mango fruit′s post-harvest management practices, to provide a product with constant quality and homogeneity to the consumer.

Recommandations de pratique clinique sur la prise en charge du patient adulte à présentation psychiatrique dans les structures d’urgences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chauvin ◽  
C. Massoubre ◽  
C. Gil-Jardine ◽  
R. Sicot ◽  
P. Le Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Médecine D’Urgence ◽  
Parcours De Soins ◽  
Bonnes Pratiques ◽  
Troubles Psychiatriques ◽  
Pratique Clinique

De nombreux patients consultant aux urgences souffrent de pathologies psychiatriques préexistantes ou ont une symptomatologie évocatrice d’une pathologie psychiatrique. En effet, les troubles psychiatriques touchent un adulte sur quatre, et 75%des affections psychiatriques débutent avant l’âge de 25 ans. Le parcours de soins d’un patient adulte à présentation psychiatrique dans les structures d’urgences concerne de multiples intervenants. La complexité inhérente à ces patients complexes ainsi qu’à l’interdisciplinarité induite dans la prise en charge impose un cadre de prise en charge clair et consensuel. Des experts de la psychiatrie, de la gérontopsychiatrie et de la médecine d’urgence se sont réunis pour émettre ces recommandations de bonnes pratiques. Le choix de présenter des recommandations de bonnes pratiques et non des recommandations formalisées d’experts a été fait devant l’insuffisance de littérature de fort niveau de preuve dans certaines thématiques et de l’existence de controverses. À travers ces recommandations de bonnes pratiques cliniques, ils se sont attachés à décrire la prise en charge de ses patients aussi bien en préqu’en intrahospitalier. Les objectifs de ces recommandations sont de présenter les éléments indispensables à l’organisation du parcours de soins de ces patients, la gestion de l’agitation ainsi que la prise en charge pharmacologique ou non. Une partie spécifique est consacrée aux aspects réglementaires.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Quality and Post-Harvest Handling on Microbiological Contamination of Lettuce at Urban and Peri-Urban Locations of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Dao ◽  
Kathrin Stenchly ◽  
Oumar Traoré ◽  
Philip Amoah ◽  
Andreas Buerkert
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Production Areas

Vegetable production in urban gardens of Ouagadougou contributes to food security, but water for irrigation is often of low quality. This is particularly acute if irrigation water is taken from wastewater polluted channels. This study aimed at (i) verifying to what degree irrigation water quality is correlated with contamination of lettuce with Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and Salmonella spp., and (ii) assessing effects of post-harvest handling on pathogen development during the trade chain. We tested pathogen removal efficiency on lettuce by applying post-harvest washing. Irrigation water of production areas in Ouagadougou (n = 10) showed a mean E. coli load of 2.1 × 105 CFU 100 mL−1. In 60% of the cases, irrigation water did not meet the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO) for safe irrigation water, and in 30% of the cases, irrigation water was contaminated with Salmonella spp. Loads of total coliforms on lettuce leaves ranged from 2.9 × 103 CFU g−1 to 1.3 × 106 CFU g−1, while E. coli averaged 1.1 × 102 CFU g−1. Results on post-harvest handling revealed that microbial loads increased along the trade chain. Overall, half of all lettuce samples (n = 60) were tested positively for Salmonella spp. The experiment showed that appropriate post-harvest handling could prevent the increase of total coliforms.

scholarly journals Gender Participation on Rice Post-harvest Activities in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jahan ◽  
JR Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gender Participation

The study was undertaken to examine the extent of women along with men participated in post-harvest activities; to identify the problems and constraints faced by them and find suitable solution from their perception. The post-harvest activities were estimated at farm level in Aman rice at Rangpur, Nilphamari, Khulna, Satkhira and Jessore district of Bangladesh by using survey data collected randomly from 270 rice growing households for the year 2012-13. It employed participatory approaches to investigate farmers’ perceptions on post-harvest management. The analyses shows women spends more time (591 hours ha-1) on PH activities than men (581 hours ha-1) but the ultimate decision maker of those activities are male indicating that women are very seldom given the opportunities to implement their ideas for execution although they are now gaining the right to give their opinion because of social awareness.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 45-50 2015

scholarly journals Critical Periods of Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize during Post-Harvest Management in Velingara (Senegal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Eliasse dieme ◽  
Ibrahima sarr ◽  
Maty diop ◽  
Cheikh ndiaye ◽  
Malang seydi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Post Harvest

scholarly journals IMPACT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS ON NPK UPTAKE BY AMBRETTE AND ITS POST-HARVEST SOIL NPK STATUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Npk Uptake ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Pressmud Compost

The roots, leaves and seeds of ambrette are considered as valuable traditional medicines. The bitter, sweet, acrid, aromatic seeds are used as tonic and are considered to possess cooling, aphrodisiac, ophthalmic, cardiotonic, digestive, stomachiecm carminative, pectoral diuretic, stimulant, antispasmodic and deodorant properties. Crop removes nutrients continuously from soil and therefore, their replenishment though fertilizers and manures are essential. To find out the integrated effect of inorganic fertilizers, neem coated urea, enriched pressmud compost and sea weed extract on NPK uptake by ambrette and its post – harvest soil NPK status, a field investigation was carried out at Farmer’s Field Sivapuri Village, Chidambaram Taluk, Cuddalore District during Kharif, 2018. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The crop was grown to maturity with proper cultural practices. The results revealed that application of integrated application of inorganic fertilizers, neem coated urea, enriched pressmud compost and sea weed extract resulted in significantly highest NPK uptake by ambretee and influenced the post – harvest soil fertility status with respect to available NPK.

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