Mechanical transmissibility and pathogenic effect of a mosaic disease of Commelina benghalensis L. in Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
OS Balogun ◽  
TH Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Pathogenic Effect

scholarly journals Eficiência de herbicidas para a cultura do feijão-caupi

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Silva ◽  
F.C.L. Freitas ◽  
L.M. Silveira ◽  
C.S. Linhares ◽  
D.R. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Amaranthus Spinosus ◽  
Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽  
Para Determinar

Com o objetivo de avaliar a seletividade e eficácia de herbicidas para a cultura do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata), conduziu-se um experimento no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, no delineamento de blocos casualizados. Nas parcelas, foram avaliados nove herbicidas/misturas (S-metolachlor, bentazon + imazamox, S-metolachlor + bentazon + imazamox, imazamox + fluazifop-p-butyl, imazethapyr + fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon + fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon + imazamox + fluazifop-p-butyl, lactofen + fluazifop-p-butyl e fluazifop-p-butyl) e uma testemunha sem herbicidas, e nas subparcelas foram avaliados dois tratamentos: com capinas e sem capinas, para determinar a seletividade e a eficácia dos herbicidas, respectivamente. Os herbicidas S-metolachlor, bentazon + imazamox, S-metolachlor + bentazon + imazamox, imazamox + fluazifop-p-butyl, imazethapyr + fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon + fluazifop-p-butyl, bentazon + imazamox + fluazifop-p-butyl e fluazifop-p-butyl foram seletivos para a cultura. A mistura lactofen + fluazifop-p-butyl causou severa intoxicação no feijão-caupi, com posterior recuperação e produtividade igual ou superior à dos demais tratamentos. As principais espécies de plantas infestantes foram: Cleome affinis, Trianthema portulacastrum, Amaranthus spinosus, Commelina benghalensis e Digitaria bicornis, sendo todas controladas com eficiência pelos herbicidas S-metolachlor aplicado em pré-emergência + bentazon + imazamox aplicados em pós-emergência e lactofen + fluazifop-p-butyl aplicados em pós-emergência. Conclui-se que a eficiência de herbicidas para o feijão-caupi depende da seletividade para a cultura, bem como de sua eficácia no controle de plantas daninhas, a qual pode variar de acordo com a comunidade infestante.

scholarly journals Patogenicidade de Corynespora cassiicola a diferentes espécies de plantas

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia A. Cutrim ◽  
Gilson S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Vernonia Cinerea

Avaliou-se, em condições de casa de vegetação, a patogenicidade de dois isolados de Corynespora cassiicola, obtidos de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum), a abóbora (Cucurbita pepo), aceroleira (Malpighia glabra), caupi (Vigna unguiculata), mamoeiro (Carica papaya), maxixe (Cucumis anguria), pimentão (Capsicum annum), quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus), soja (Glycines max), tomateiro e vinagreira (Hibiscus sabdariffa) com o objetivo de selecionar plantas que possam ser utilizadas em sistemas de rotação de culturas, nas áreas produtoras de tomate. Duas plantas daninhas, trapoeraba (Commelina benghalensis) e assa peixe (Vernonia cinerea), comuns em tomatais, foram incluídas nos testes para se avaliar sua importância como fontes de inóculo. As plantas reagiram diferentemente ao patógeno, sendo a maioria suscetível aos dois isolados do fungo. Sugere-se que o tomateiro não deva ser cultivado consorciado ou muito próximo a plantios de abóbora, maxixe, pimentão, quiabeiro e vinagreira. O controle das invasoras como C.benghalensis e V. cinerea é de fundamental importância para a redução do inóculo no campo.

scholarly journals Accumulation of macronutrients in cowpea and weeds in competition and under soil water deficit

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira ◽  
Erivanessa Costa Sousa Sarmento ◽  
Jeferson Luiz Dallabona Dombroski ◽  
Daniel Valadão Silva ◽  
Claudia Daianny Melo Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

The ability of a plant species to succeed in colonization of agroecosystem depends on its efficiency in the use of growth resources even in deficient conditions. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of competition and water deficit in the soil on the accumulation of macronutrients of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., Commelina benghalensis L. and Waltheria indica L. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial, with the first factor corresponding to types of interaction among species (V. unguiculata + C. benghalensis; V. unguiculata + W. indica; V. unguiculata in monoculture, C. benghalensis in monoculture and W. indica in monoculture), and the second of water regimes (irrigated and water deficit). The water deficit differently affects macronutrient content on the species, with decreased of K, Ca and Mg in cowpea, and N, P, K and Ca in W. indica. For C. benghalensis, the water deficit does not reduce the macronutrient contents on the plant. The competition between plants intensifies the effects of water deficit only on C. benghalensis, with a decreased on the content of all macronutrients studied. Under irrigated conditions, competition between plants was more damaging the weeds compared to cowpea. The C. benghalensis specie, free from interference, has a high potential for nutrient extraction under irrigated and water deficit regimes.

scholarly journals Distribution, host range and detection of seed-borne yellow mosaic disease on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DEDI MULYADI ◽  
Sri Sulandari ◽  
SEDYO HARTONO ◽  
SUSAMTO SOMOWIYARJO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Special Region

Abstract. Mulyadi D, Sulandari S, Hartono S, Somowiyarjo S. 2021. Distribution, host range and detection of seed-borne yellow mosaic disease on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3949-3957. Yellow mosaic disease found in legumes is caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV). MYMIV has been reported to cause yellow mosaic infection on yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis L.) in various regions of Indonesia and has resulted in major yield loss. Symptoms of mosaic and yellowing are found in the leaves and on the pods, which means that the virus may be seed-borne. The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution, host range of pathogens, and to investigate whether yellow mosaic virus was seed-borne or not. Sample collection, disease incidence and severity observations were done at yardlong bean fields in the District of Sleman, Bantul, and Kulon Progo. Samples were tested using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and phylogenetic tree analysis. Host range was tested by inoculating MYMIV using Bemisia tabaci to test plants. Two types of seeds were used in seed-borne tests, i.e. certified commercial seeds and malformed pods from infected plants. Results showed that yellow mosaic virus was found in all observation sites. Highest disease incidence was recorded in Sleman (50%) followed by Kulon Progo (45%) and Bantul (23%). Whereas 45.89%, 41.29% and 39.83%, disease severity was noted in Sleman, Kulon Progo and Bantul, respectively phylogenetic tree analysis showed that isolates used in this study were similar to other Indonesian isolates. Host range test revealed that yardlong beans, mungbeans (Vigna radiata L.), sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), eggplants (Solanum melongena L.), and tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) were infected with MYMIV, showing symptoms of irregular yellow and mosaic spots on plant leaves. Transmission test exhibited that tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) did not show viral infection. PCR detection proved that MYMIV isolates obtained from Yogyakarta may be transmitted through whole seeds, seed coat, cotyledon, and young leaves from sprouting seeds. Mild mosaic symptoms were appeared after sprouting, and gradually vein clearing was observed at 14 days, mosaic at 21 days, and complete leaf yellowing at 45 days after planting.

The ultrastructure of the double membrane-bound bodies and endoplasmic reticulum in serial sections of wheat spot mosaic-affected wheat plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
M. H. Chen ◽  
C. Hiruki
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Double Membrane ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Scanning Em

Wheat spot mosaic disease was first discovered in southern Alberta, Canada, in 1956. A hitherto unidentified disease-causing agent, transmitted by the eriophyid mite, caused chlorosis, stunting and finally severe necrosis resulting in the death of the affected plants. Double membrane-bound bodies (DMBB), 0.1-0.2 μm in diameter were found to be associated with the disease.Young tissues of leaf and root from 4-wk-old infected wheat plants were fixed, dehydrated, and embedded in Spurr’s resin. Serial sections were collected on slot copper grids and stained. The thin sections were then examined with a Hitachi H-7000 TEM at 75 kV. The membrane structure of the DMBBs was studied by numbering them individually and tracing along the sections to see any physical connection with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. For high resolution scanning EM, a modification of Tanaka’s method was used. The specimens were examined with a Hitachi Model S-570 SEM in its high resolution mode at 20 kV.

Comportamento de genótipos de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., Fabaceae) sob infestação de Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) e Liriomyza sp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) em Redenção, Ceará, Brasil

Paubrasilia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Francisca Arila Maciel de Souza Xavier ◽  
João Gutemberg Leite Moraes ◽  
Marcos Levi Saraiva Silva ◽  
Rufino Barreto de Matos Neto ◽  
Damila de Oliveira Firmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata

O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) é uma fabácea utilizada como fonte alimentar em diversos países da África, Ásia e Américas. Objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, avaliar o comportamento de genótipos de feijão-caupi ao ataque de cigarrinha-verde (Empoasca sp.) e de minador (Liriomyza sp.). O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Piroás da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (Unilab), nos meses de agosto a outubro de 2018, onde se utilizou o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com 15 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Para a cigarrinha, foi avaliado o número de indivíduos por planta na parcela útil, aleatoriamente, uma vez na semana, ao longo de nove semanas. Já para a minadora, foi avaliada a frequência de minas, na parcela útil e ao acaso, ao longo de quatro semanas. Os dados acumulados na última amostragem foram transformados [(x + 0,5)1/2] e submetidos à análise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott. Os genótipos BRS Juruá, BRS Marataoã, Rabo de Soin, BRS Guariba, BR 17 Gurguéia, BRS Xiquexique, BRS Potengi, BRS Aracê, BRS Cauamé, BRS Imponente, BRS Itaim, BRS Tumucumaque e Vita-7 foram menos suscetíveis ao ataque de Empoasca sp., enquanto que BRS Aracê, Rabo de Soin e Vita-7 foram menos atacados por Liriomyza sp.

Farmers’ preference for improved grasses and legume forage species in six mixed farming system districts of southern region of Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Mergia Abera ◽  
Tekleyohannes Berhanu
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Chloris Gayana

Participatory on-farm evaluation of improved forage crops was conducted in six mixed farming system districts of Southern Ethiopia with the objective to identify farmers preferred forage crops (legumes and grasses). Two annual forage legumes (Vigna unguiculata L. (cow pea) and Lablab purpureus (L.), two perennial legumes (Medicago sativa (L.) (alfalfa) and Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb. (green-leaf)), and three perennial grasses (Chloris gayana Knuth (Rhodes grass) and two Pennisetum purpureum Schumach (elephant grass) accessions (No.16800 and 16798)) were evaluated in the study. The major farmers’ criteria considered in the evaluation of forage species were vegetative growth, herbage yield, tillering, protection of soil erosion, palatability, perfor- mance under dry weather conditions, performance in marginal area under low input management, multipurpose use (conservation and soil fertility) and fast growing condition. The study showed that elephant grass accession No. 16798, 16800 and Chloris gayana adapted well and farmers preferred them for their higher herbage yield, vegetative growth, tillering ability and drought resistance. Even though the annual forage legumes Lablab purpureus and Vigna unguiculata were superior in their forage yield, the farmers preferred the perennial forage legumes (Desmodium intortum and Medicago sativa) mainly for their performance under dry weather condi- tion due to their longer growth period. Therefore, the consideration of farmers’ preference for forage crops is crucial for increased adoption of improved forage crops in the region.

RENDIMENTO DE CULTIVARES DE CAUPI (Vigna unguiculata L Walp.) SUBMETIDAS À DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianini Peixoto Bezerra Lima ◽  
José Vanglesio de Aguiar ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa ◽  
Vital Pedro da Silva Paz
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Marginal Product ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Caixa Postal ◽  
Water Depths

RENDIMENTO DE CULTIVARES DE CAUPI (Vigna unguiculata L Walp.) SUBMETIDAS À DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO1       Gianini Peixoto Bezerra Lima José Vanglesio de Aguiar Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa Universidade Federal do Ceará – Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola. Campus do Pici. Bloco 804. CEP 60455-760 – Fortaleza-CE Vital Pedro da Silva Paz Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz – Departamento de Engenharia Rural, bolsista da FAPESP. Av. Pádua Dias, 11 – Caixa Postal 11. 13418-900 – Piracicaba-SP       1 RESUMO       O caupi é um dos cultivos mais tradicionais do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, constituindo alimento básico nestas regiões. Com este trabalho foi possível estabelecer relações entre a quantidade de água aplicada e produtividade de grãos, para três variedades de feijão caupi submetidas a diferentes lâminas de água. Para caracterização das lâminas de água foi utilizado um sistema de irrigação por aspersão convencional em linha. O controle da irrigação foi realizado a partir de tensiômetros instalados à 15 cm de profundidade. Os resultados mostraram que: i) a cultivar João Paulo II apresentou melhores resultados de produtividade para as lâminas de água aplicadas que variaram de T1 = 291,8 mm a T5 = 141,2 mm; ii) sob condições de reduzida disponibilidade de água, ou seja, menor lâmina aplicada, não ocorreu diferença estatística  para a produtividade entre as cultivares estudadas; e iii) para as condições do estudo, a cultivar Setentão apresentou a menor taxa de redução do produto marginal.       UNITERMOS: caupi, irrigação, função de produção       LIMA, G. P. B., AGUIAR, J. V., COSTA, R. N. T., PAZ, V. P. S. Responses OF cowpea cultivars (Vigna unguiculata L Walp) at differents irrigation deficits     2 ABSTRACT       The caupi is one of the most traditional cultivation of the north and northeast - Brazil, constituting a basic food in these areas. With this work it was possible to establish relationships between the amount of water applied and productivity of grains, for three caupi varieties submitted to different irrigation sheets. To diferentiate water depths in the irrigation system, the aspersion in line was used. The control of the irrigation was accomplished using tensiometers installed to 15 cm of depth. The results showed that: i) the João Paulo II variety presented better productivity for the applied water depths; ii) under reduced conditions of water avai lability for study conditions, these was no significant difference in the productivity reached among the cultivars studied; and iii) for the conditions of the study, the variety Setentão presented the smallest rate of reduction of the marginal product.       KEYWORDS: cowpea, irrigation, production function  

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